up follow livre

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+from .registry import BackendFilter, backend_registry  # noqa: F401
+
+# NOTE: plt.switch_backend() (called at import time) will add a "backend"
+# attribute here for backcompat.
+_QT_FORCE_QT5_BINDING = False

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/_backend_gtk.py

@@ -0,0 +1,331 @@
+"""
+Common code for GTK3 and GTK4 backends.
+"""
+
+import logging
+import sys
+
+import matplotlib as mpl
+from matplotlib import _api, backend_tools, cbook
+from matplotlib._pylab_helpers import Gcf
+from matplotlib.backend_bases import (
+    _Backend, FigureCanvasBase, FigureManagerBase, NavigationToolbar2,
+    TimerBase)
+from matplotlib.backend_tools import Cursors
+
+import gi
+# The GTK3/GTK4 backends will have already called `gi.require_version` to set
+# the desired GTK.
+from gi.repository import Gdk, Gio, GLib, Gtk
+
+
+try:
+    gi.require_foreign("cairo")
+except ImportError as e:
+    raise ImportError("Gtk-based backends require cairo") from e
+
+_log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+_application = None  # Placeholder
+
+
+def _shutdown_application(app):
+    # The application might prematurely shut down if Ctrl-C'd out of IPython,
+    # so close all windows.
+    for win in app.get_windows():
+        win.close()
+    # The PyGObject wrapper incorrectly thinks that None is not allowed, or we
+    # would call this:
+    # Gio.Application.set_default(None)
+    # Instead, we set this property and ignore default applications with it:
+    app._created_by_matplotlib = True
+    global _application
+    _application = None
+
+
+def _create_application():
+    global _application
+
+    if _application is None:
+        app = Gio.Application.get_default()
+        if app is None or getattr(app, '_created_by_matplotlib', False):
+            # display_is_valid returns False only if on Linux and neither X11
+            # nor Wayland display can be opened.
+            if not mpl._c_internal_utils.display_is_valid():
+                raise RuntimeError('Invalid DISPLAY variable')
+            _application = Gtk.Application.new('org.matplotlib.Matplotlib3',
+                                               Gio.ApplicationFlags.NON_UNIQUE)
+            # The activate signal must be connected, but we don't care for
+            # handling it, since we don't do any remote processing.
+            _application.connect('activate', lambda *args, **kwargs: None)
+            _application.connect('shutdown', _shutdown_application)
+            _application.register()
+            cbook._setup_new_guiapp()
+        else:
+            _application = app
+
+    return _application
+
+
+def mpl_to_gtk_cursor_name(mpl_cursor):
+    return _api.check_getitem({
+        Cursors.MOVE: "move",
+        Cursors.HAND: "pointer",
+        Cursors.POINTER: "default",
+        Cursors.SELECT_REGION: "crosshair",
+        Cursors.WAIT: "wait",
+        Cursors.RESIZE_HORIZONTAL: "ew-resize",
+        Cursors.RESIZE_VERTICAL: "ns-resize",
+    }, cursor=mpl_cursor)
+
+
+class TimerGTK(TimerBase):
+    """Subclass of `.TimerBase` using GTK timer events."""
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self._timer = None
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def _timer_start(self):
+        # Need to stop it, otherwise we potentially leak a timer id that will
+        # never be stopped.
+        self._timer_stop()
+        self._timer = GLib.timeout_add(self._interval, self._on_timer)
+
+    def _timer_stop(self):
+        if self._timer is not None:
+            GLib.source_remove(self._timer)
+            self._timer = None
+
+    def _timer_set_interval(self):
+        # Only stop and restart it if the timer has already been started.
+        if self._timer is not None:
+            self._timer_stop()
+            self._timer_start()
+
+    def _on_timer(self):
+        super()._on_timer()
+
+        # Gtk timeout_add() requires that the callback returns True if it
+        # is to be called again.
+        if self.callbacks and not self._single:
+            return True
+        else:
+            self._timer = None
+            return False
+
+
+class _FigureCanvasGTK(FigureCanvasBase):
+    _timer_cls = TimerGTK
+
+
+class _FigureManagerGTK(FigureManagerBase):
+    """
+    Attributes
+    ----------
+    canvas : `FigureCanvas`
+        The FigureCanvas instance
+    num : int or str
+        The Figure number
+    toolbar : Gtk.Toolbar or Gtk.Box
+        The toolbar
+    vbox : Gtk.VBox
+        The Gtk.VBox containing the canvas and toolbar
+    window : Gtk.Window
+        The Gtk.Window
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, canvas, num):
+        self._gtk_ver = gtk_ver = Gtk.get_major_version()
+
+        app = _create_application()
+        self.window = Gtk.Window()
+        app.add_window(self.window)
+        super().__init__(canvas, num)
+
+        if gtk_ver == 3:
+            icon_ext = "png" if sys.platform == "win32" else "svg"
+            self.window.set_icon_from_file(
+                str(cbook._get_data_path(f"images/matplotlib.{icon_ext}")))
+
+        self.vbox = Gtk.Box()
+        self.vbox.set_property("orientation", Gtk.Orientation.VERTICAL)
+
+        if gtk_ver == 3:
+            self.window.add(self.vbox)
+            self.vbox.show()
+            self.canvas.show()
+            self.vbox.pack_start(self.canvas, True, True, 0)
+        elif gtk_ver == 4:
+            self.window.set_child(self.vbox)
+            self.vbox.prepend(self.canvas)
+
+        # calculate size for window
+        w, h = self.canvas.get_width_height()
+
+        if self.toolbar is not None:
+            if gtk_ver == 3:
+                self.toolbar.show()
+                self.vbox.pack_end(self.toolbar, False, False, 0)
+            elif gtk_ver == 4:
+                sw = Gtk.ScrolledWindow(vscrollbar_policy=Gtk.PolicyType.NEVER)
+                sw.set_child(self.toolbar)
+                self.vbox.append(sw)
+            min_size, nat_size = self.toolbar.get_preferred_size()
+            h += nat_size.height
+
+        self.window.set_default_size(w, h)
+
+        self._destroying = False
+        self.window.connect("destroy", lambda *args: Gcf.destroy(self))
+        self.window.connect({3: "delete_event", 4: "close-request"}[gtk_ver],
+                            lambda *args: Gcf.destroy(self))
+        if mpl.is_interactive():
+            self.window.show()
+            self.canvas.draw_idle()
+
+        self.canvas.grab_focus()
+
+    def destroy(self, *args):
+        if self._destroying:
+            # Otherwise, this can be called twice when the user presses 'q',
+            # which calls Gcf.destroy(self), then this destroy(), then triggers
+            # Gcf.destroy(self) once again via
+            # `connect("destroy", lambda *args: Gcf.destroy(self))`.
+            return
+        self._destroying = True
+        self.window.destroy()
+        self.canvas.destroy()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def start_main_loop(cls):
+        global _application
+        if _application is None:
+            return
+
+        try:
+            _application.run()  # Quits when all added windows close.
+        except KeyboardInterrupt:
+            # Ensure all windows can process their close event from
+            # _shutdown_application.
+            context = GLib.MainContext.default()
+            while context.pending():
+                context.iteration(True)
+            raise
+        finally:
+            # Running after quit is undefined, so create a new one next time.
+            _application = None
+
+    def show(self):
+        # show the figure window
+        self.window.show()
+        self.canvas.draw()
+        if mpl.rcParams["figure.raise_window"]:
+            meth_name = {3: "get_window", 4: "get_surface"}[self._gtk_ver]
+            if getattr(self.window, meth_name)():
+                self.window.present()
+            else:
+                # If this is called by a callback early during init,
+                # self.window (a GtkWindow) may not have an associated
+                # low-level GdkWindow (on GTK3) or GdkSurface (on GTK4) yet,
+                # and present() would crash.
+                _api.warn_external("Cannot raise window yet to be setup")
+
+    def full_screen_toggle(self):
+        is_fullscreen = {
+            3: lambda w: (w.get_window().get_state()
+                          & Gdk.WindowState.FULLSCREEN),
+            4: lambda w: w.is_fullscreen(),
+        }[self._gtk_ver]
+        if is_fullscreen(self.window):
+            self.window.unfullscreen()
+        else:
+            self.window.fullscreen()
+
+    def get_window_title(self):
+        return self.window.get_title()
+
+    def set_window_title(self, title):
+        self.window.set_title(title)
+
+    def resize(self, width, height):
+        width = int(width / self.canvas.device_pixel_ratio)
+        height = int(height / self.canvas.device_pixel_ratio)
+        if self.toolbar:
+            min_size, nat_size = self.toolbar.get_preferred_size()
+            height += nat_size.height
+        canvas_size = self.canvas.get_allocation()
+        if self._gtk_ver >= 4 or canvas_size.width == canvas_size.height == 1:
+            # A canvas size of (1, 1) cannot exist in most cases, because
+            # window decorations would prevent such a small window. This call
+            # must be before the window has been mapped and widgets have been
+            # sized, so just change the window's starting size.
+            self.window.set_default_size(width, height)
+        else:
+            self.window.resize(width, height)
+
+
+class _NavigationToolbar2GTK(NavigationToolbar2):
+    # Must be implemented in GTK3/GTK4 backends:
+    # * __init__
+    # * save_figure
+
+    def set_message(self, s):
+        escaped = GLib.markup_escape_text(s)
+        self.message.set_markup(f'<small>{escaped}</small>')
+
+    def draw_rubberband(self, event, x0, y0, x1, y1):
+        height = self.canvas.figure.bbox.height
+        y1 = height - y1
+        y0 = height - y0
+        rect = [int(val) for val in (x0, y0, x1 - x0, y1 - y0)]
+        self.canvas._draw_rubberband(rect)
+
+    def remove_rubberband(self):
+        self.canvas._draw_rubberband(None)
+
+    def _update_buttons_checked(self):
+        for name, active in [("Pan", "PAN"), ("Zoom", "ZOOM")]:
+            button = self._gtk_ids.get(name)
+            if button:
+                with button.handler_block(button._signal_handler):
+                    button.set_active(self.mode.name == active)
+
+    def pan(self, *args):
+        super().pan(*args)
+        self._update_buttons_checked()
+
+    def zoom(self, *args):
+        super().zoom(*args)
+        self._update_buttons_checked()
+
+    def set_history_buttons(self):
+        can_backward = self._nav_stack._pos > 0
+        can_forward = self._nav_stack._pos < len(self._nav_stack) - 1
+        if 'Back' in self._gtk_ids:
+            self._gtk_ids['Back'].set_sensitive(can_backward)
+        if 'Forward' in self._gtk_ids:
+            self._gtk_ids['Forward'].set_sensitive(can_forward)
+
+
+class RubberbandGTK(backend_tools.RubberbandBase):
+    def draw_rubberband(self, x0, y0, x1, y1):
+        _NavigationToolbar2GTK.draw_rubberband(
+            self._make_classic_style_pseudo_toolbar(), None, x0, y0, x1, y1)
+
+    def remove_rubberband(self):
+        _NavigationToolbar2GTK.remove_rubberband(
+            self._make_classic_style_pseudo_toolbar())
+
+
+class ConfigureSubplotsGTK(backend_tools.ConfigureSubplotsBase):
+    def trigger(self, *args):
+        _NavigationToolbar2GTK.configure_subplots(self, None)
+
+
+class _BackendGTK(_Backend):
+    backend_version = "{}.{}.{}".format(
+        Gtk.get_major_version(),
+        Gtk.get_minor_version(),
+        Gtk.get_micro_version(),
+    )
+    mainloop = _FigureManagerGTK.start_main_loop

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/_backend_pdf_ps.py

@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+"""
+Common functionality between the PDF and PS backends.
+"""
+
+from io import BytesIO
+import functools
+import logging
+
+from fontTools import subset
+
+import matplotlib as mpl
+from .. import font_manager, ft2font
+from .._afm import AFM
+from ..backend_bases import RendererBase
+
+
+@functools.lru_cache(50)
+def _cached_get_afm_from_fname(fname):
+    with open(fname, "rb") as fh:
+        return AFM(fh)
+
+
+def get_glyphs_subset(fontfile, characters):
+    """
+    Subset a TTF font
+
+    Reads the named fontfile and restricts the font to the characters.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    fontfile : str
+        Path to the font file
+    characters : str
+        Continuous set of characters to include in subset
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    fontTools.ttLib.ttFont.TTFont
+        An open font object representing the subset, which needs to
+        be closed by the caller.
+    """
+
+    options = subset.Options(glyph_names=True, recommended_glyphs=True)
+
+    # Prevent subsetting extra tables.
+    options.drop_tables += [
+        'FFTM',  # FontForge Timestamp.
+        'PfEd',  # FontForge personal table.
+        'BDF',  # X11 BDF header.
+        'meta',  # Metadata stores design/supported languages (meaningless for subsets).
+        'MERG',  # Merge Table.
+        'TSIV',  # Microsoft Visual TrueType extension.
+        'Zapf',  # Information about the individual glyphs in the font.
+        'bdat',  # The bitmap data table.
+        'bloc',  # The bitmap location table.
+        'cidg',  # CID to Glyph ID table (Apple Advanced Typography).
+        'fdsc',  # The font descriptors table.
+        'feat',  # Feature name table (Apple Advanced Typography).
+        'fmtx',  # The Font Metrics Table.
+        'fond',  # Data-fork font information (Apple Advanced Typography).
+        'just',  # The justification table (Apple Advanced Typography).
+        'kerx',  # An extended kerning table (Apple Advanced Typography).
+        'ltag',  # Language Tag.
+        'morx',  # Extended Glyph Metamorphosis Table.
+        'trak',  # Tracking table.
+        'xref',  # The cross-reference table (some Apple font tooling information).
+    ]
+    # if fontfile is a ttc, specify font number
+    if fontfile.endswith(".ttc"):
+        options.font_number = 0
+
+    font = subset.load_font(fontfile, options)
+    subsetter = subset.Subsetter(options=options)
+    subsetter.populate(text=characters)
+    subsetter.subset(font)
+    return font
+
+
+def font_as_file(font):
+    """
+    Convert a TTFont object into a file-like object.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    font : fontTools.ttLib.ttFont.TTFont
+        A font object
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    BytesIO
+        A file object with the font saved into it
+    """
+    fh = BytesIO()
+    font.save(fh, reorderTables=False)
+    return fh
+
+
+class CharacterTracker:
+    """
+    Helper for font subsetting by the pdf and ps backends.
+
+    Maintains a mapping of font paths to the set of character codepoints that
+    are being used from that font.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.used = {}
+
+    def track(self, font, s):
+        """Record that string *s* is being typeset using font *font*."""
+        char_to_font = font._get_fontmap(s)
+        for _c, _f in char_to_font.items():
+            self.used.setdefault(_f.fname, set()).add(ord(_c))
+
+    def track_glyph(self, font, glyph):
+        """Record that codepoint *glyph* is being typeset using font *font*."""
+        self.used.setdefault(font.fname, set()).add(glyph)
+
+
+class RendererPDFPSBase(RendererBase):
+    # The following attributes must be defined by the subclasses:
+    # - _afm_font_dir
+    # - _use_afm_rc_name
+
+    def __init__(self, width, height):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.width = width
+        self.height = height
+
+    def flipy(self):
+        # docstring inherited
+        return False  # y increases from bottom to top.
+
+    def option_scale_image(self):
+        # docstring inherited
+        return True  # PDF and PS support arbitrary image scaling.
+
+    def option_image_nocomposite(self):
+        # docstring inherited
+        # Decide whether to composite image based on rcParam value.
+        return not mpl.rcParams["image.composite_image"]
+
+    def get_canvas_width_height(self):
+        # docstring inherited
+        return self.width * 72.0, self.height * 72.0
+
+    def get_text_width_height_descent(self, s, prop, ismath):
+        # docstring inherited
+        if ismath == "TeX":
+            return super().get_text_width_height_descent(s, prop, ismath)
+        elif ismath:
+            parse = self._text2path.mathtext_parser.parse(s, 72, prop)
+            return parse.width, parse.height, parse.depth
+        elif mpl.rcParams[self._use_afm_rc_name]:
+            font = self._get_font_afm(prop)
+            l, b, w, h, d = font.get_str_bbox_and_descent(s)
+            scale = prop.get_size_in_points() / 1000
+            w *= scale
+            h *= scale
+            d *= scale
+            return w, h, d
+        else:
+            font = self._get_font_ttf(prop)
+            font.set_text(s, 0.0, flags=ft2font.LoadFlags.NO_HINTING)
+            w, h = font.get_width_height()
+            d = font.get_descent()
+            scale = 1 / 64
+            w *= scale
+            h *= scale
+            d *= scale
+            return w, h, d
+
+    def _get_font_afm(self, prop):
+        fname = font_manager.findfont(
+            prop, fontext="afm", directory=self._afm_font_dir)
+        return _cached_get_afm_from_fname(fname)
+
+    def _get_font_ttf(self, prop):
+        fnames = font_manager.fontManager._find_fonts_by_props(prop)
+        try:
+            font = font_manager.get_font(fnames)
+            font.clear()
+            font.set_size(prop.get_size_in_points(), 72)
+            return font
+        except RuntimeError:
+            logging.getLogger(__name__).warning(
+                "The PostScript/PDF backend does not currently "
+                "support the selected font (%s).", fnames)
+            raise

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/_tkagg.pyi

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+import numpy as np
+from numpy.typing import NDArray
+
+TK_PHOTO_COMPOSITE_OVERLAY: int
+TK_PHOTO_COMPOSITE_SET: int
+
+def blit(
+    interp: int,
+    photo_name: str,
+    data: NDArray[np.uint8],
+    comp_rule: int,
+    offset: tuple[int, int, int, int],
+    bbox: tuple[int, int, int, int],
+) -> None: ...
+def enable_dpi_awareness(frame_handle: int, interp: int) -> bool | None: ...

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_agg.py

@@ -0,0 +1,528 @@
+"""
+An `Anti-Grain Geometry`_ (AGG) backend.
+
+Features that are implemented:
+
+* capstyles and join styles
+* dashes
+* linewidth
+* lines, rectangles, ellipses
+* clipping to a rectangle
+* output to RGBA and Pillow-supported image formats
+* alpha blending
+* DPI scaling properly - everything scales properly (dashes, linewidths, etc)
+* draw polygon
+* freetype2 w/ ft2font
+
+Still TODO:
+
+* integrate screen dpi w/ ppi and text
+
+.. _Anti-Grain Geometry: http://agg.sourceforge.net/antigrain.com
+"""
+
+from contextlib import nullcontext
+from math import radians, cos, sin
+
+import numpy as np
+
+import matplotlib as mpl
+from matplotlib import _api, cbook
+from matplotlib.backend_bases import (
+    _Backend, FigureCanvasBase, FigureManagerBase, RendererBase)
+from matplotlib.font_manager import fontManager as _fontManager, get_font
+from matplotlib.ft2font import LoadFlags
+from matplotlib.mathtext import MathTextParser
+from matplotlib.path import Path
+from matplotlib.transforms import Bbox, BboxBase
+from matplotlib.backends._backend_agg import RendererAgg as _RendererAgg
+
+
+def get_hinting_flag():
+    mapping = {
+        'default': LoadFlags.DEFAULT,
+        'no_autohint': LoadFlags.NO_AUTOHINT,
+        'force_autohint': LoadFlags.FORCE_AUTOHINT,
+        'no_hinting': LoadFlags.NO_HINTING,
+        True: LoadFlags.FORCE_AUTOHINT,
+        False: LoadFlags.NO_HINTING,
+        'either': LoadFlags.DEFAULT,
+        'native': LoadFlags.NO_AUTOHINT,
+        'auto': LoadFlags.FORCE_AUTOHINT,
+        'none': LoadFlags.NO_HINTING,
+    }
+    return mapping[mpl.rcParams['text.hinting']]
+
+
+class RendererAgg(RendererBase):
+    """
+    The renderer handles all the drawing primitives using a graphics
+    context instance that controls the colors/styles
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, width, height, dpi):
+        super().__init__()
+
+        self.dpi = dpi
+        self.width = width
+        self.height = height
+        self._renderer = _RendererAgg(int(width), int(height), dpi)
+        self._filter_renderers = []
+
+        self._update_methods()
+        self.mathtext_parser = MathTextParser('agg')
+
+        self.bbox = Bbox.from_bounds(0, 0, self.width, self.height)
+
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        # We only want to preserve the init keywords of the Renderer.
+        # Anything else can be re-created.
+        return {'width': self.width, 'height': self.height, 'dpi': self.dpi}
+
+    def __setstate__(self, state):
+        self.__init__(state['width'], state['height'], state['dpi'])
+
+    def _update_methods(self):
+        self.draw_gouraud_triangles = self._renderer.draw_gouraud_triangles
+        self.draw_image = self._renderer.draw_image
+        self.draw_markers = self._renderer.draw_markers
+        self.draw_path_collection = self._renderer.draw_path_collection
+        self.draw_quad_mesh = self._renderer.draw_quad_mesh
+        self.copy_from_bbox = self._renderer.copy_from_bbox
+
+    def draw_path(self, gc, path, transform, rgbFace=None):
+        # docstring inherited
+        nmax = mpl.rcParams['agg.path.chunksize']  # here at least for testing
+        npts = path.vertices.shape[0]
+
+        if (npts > nmax > 100 and path.should_simplify and
+                rgbFace is None and gc.get_hatch() is None):
+            nch = np.ceil(npts / nmax)
+            chsize = int(np.ceil(npts / nch))
+            i0 = np.arange(0, npts, chsize)
+            i1 = np.zeros_like(i0)
+            i1[:-1] = i0[1:] - 1
+            i1[-1] = npts
+            for ii0, ii1 in zip(i0, i1):
+                v = path.vertices[ii0:ii1, :]
+                c = path.codes
+                if c is not None:
+                    c = c[ii0:ii1]
+                    c[0] = Path.MOVETO  # move to end of last chunk
+                p = Path(v, c)
+                p.simplify_threshold = path.simplify_threshold
+                try:
+                    self._renderer.draw_path(gc, p, transform, rgbFace)
+                except OverflowError:
+                    msg = (
+                        "Exceeded cell block limit in Agg.\n\n"
+                        "Please reduce the value of "
+                        f"rcParams['agg.path.chunksize'] (currently {nmax}) "
+                        "or increase the path simplification threshold"
+                        "(rcParams['path.simplify_threshold'] = "
+                        f"{mpl.rcParams['path.simplify_threshold']:.2f} by "
+                        "default and path.simplify_threshold = "
+                        f"{path.simplify_threshold:.2f} on the input)."
+                    )
+                    raise OverflowError(msg) from None
+        else:
+            try:
+                self._renderer.draw_path(gc, path, transform, rgbFace)
+            except OverflowError:
+                cant_chunk = ''
+                if rgbFace is not None:
+                    cant_chunk += "- cannot split filled path\n"
+                if gc.get_hatch() is not None:
+                    cant_chunk += "- cannot split hatched path\n"
+                if not path.should_simplify:
+                    cant_chunk += "- path.should_simplify is False\n"
+                if len(cant_chunk):
+                    msg = (
+                        "Exceeded cell block limit in Agg, however for the "
+                        "following reasons:\n\n"
+                        f"{cant_chunk}\n"
+                        "we cannot automatically split up this path to draw."
+                        "\n\nPlease manually simplify your path."
+                    )
+
+                else:
+                    inc_threshold = (
+                        "or increase the path simplification threshold"
+                        "(rcParams['path.simplify_threshold'] = "
+                        f"{mpl.rcParams['path.simplify_threshold']} "
+                        "by default and path.simplify_threshold "
+                        f"= {path.simplify_threshold} "
+                        "on the input)."
+                        )
+                    if nmax > 100:
+                        msg = (
+                            "Exceeded cell block limit in Agg.  Please reduce "
+                            "the value of rcParams['agg.path.chunksize'] "
+                            f"(currently {nmax}) {inc_threshold}"
+                        )
+                    else:
+                        msg = (
+                            "Exceeded cell block limit in Agg.  Please set "
+                            "the value of rcParams['agg.path.chunksize'], "
+                            f"(currently {nmax}) to be greater than 100 "
+                            + inc_threshold
+                        )
+
+                raise OverflowError(msg) from None
+
+    def draw_mathtext(self, gc, x, y, s, prop, angle):
+        """Draw mathtext using :mod:`matplotlib.mathtext`."""
+        ox, oy, width, height, descent, font_image = \
+            self.mathtext_parser.parse(s, self.dpi, prop,
+                                       antialiased=gc.get_antialiased())
+
+        xd = descent * sin(radians(angle))
+        yd = descent * cos(radians(angle))
+        x = round(x + ox + xd)
+        y = round(y - oy + yd)
+        self._renderer.draw_text_image(font_image, x, y + 1, angle, gc)
+
+    def draw_text(self, gc, x, y, s, prop, angle, ismath=False, mtext=None):
+        # docstring inherited
+        if ismath:
+            return self.draw_mathtext(gc, x, y, s, prop, angle)
+        font = self._prepare_font(prop)
+        # We pass '0' for angle here, since it will be rotated (in raster
+        # space) in the following call to draw_text_image).
+        font.set_text(s, 0, flags=get_hinting_flag())
+        font.draw_glyphs_to_bitmap(
+            antialiased=gc.get_antialiased())
+        d = font.get_descent() / 64.0
+        # The descent needs to be adjusted for the angle.
+        xo, yo = font.get_bitmap_offset()
+        xo /= 64.0
+        yo /= 64.0
+        xd = d * sin(radians(angle))
+        yd = d * cos(radians(angle))
+        x = round(x + xo + xd)
+        y = round(y + yo + yd)
+        self._renderer.draw_text_image(font, x, y + 1, angle, gc)
+
+    def get_text_width_height_descent(self, s, prop, ismath):
+        # docstring inherited
+
+        _api.check_in_list(["TeX", True, False], ismath=ismath)
+        if ismath == "TeX":
+            return super().get_text_width_height_descent(s, prop, ismath)
+
+        if ismath:
+            ox, oy, width, height, descent, font_image = \
+                self.mathtext_parser.parse(s, self.dpi, prop)
+            return width, height, descent
+
+        font = self._prepare_font(prop)
+        font.set_text(s, 0.0, flags=get_hinting_flag())
+        w, h = font.get_width_height()  # width and height of unrotated string
+        d = font.get_descent()
+        w /= 64.0  # convert from subpixels
+        h /= 64.0
+        d /= 64.0
+        return w, h, d
+
+    def draw_tex(self, gc, x, y, s, prop, angle, *, mtext=None):
+        # docstring inherited
+        # todo, handle props, angle, origins
+        size = prop.get_size_in_points()
+
+        texmanager = self.get_texmanager()
+
+        Z = texmanager.get_grey(s, size, self.dpi)
+        Z = np.array(Z * 255.0, np.uint8)
+
+        w, h, d = self.get_text_width_height_descent(s, prop, ismath="TeX")
+        xd = d * sin(radians(angle))
+        yd = d * cos(radians(angle))
+        x = round(x + xd)
+        y = round(y + yd)
+        self._renderer.draw_text_image(Z, x, y, angle, gc)
+
+    def get_canvas_width_height(self):
+        # docstring inherited
+        return self.width, self.height
+
+    def _prepare_font(self, font_prop):
+        """
+        Get the `.FT2Font` for *font_prop*, clear its buffer, and set its size.
+        """
+        font = get_font(_fontManager._find_fonts_by_props(font_prop))
+        font.clear()
+        size = font_prop.get_size_in_points()
+        font.set_size(size, self.dpi)
+        return font
+
+    def points_to_pixels(self, points):
+        # docstring inherited
+        return points * self.dpi / 72
+
+    def buffer_rgba(self):
+        return memoryview(self._renderer)
+
+    def tostring_argb(self):
+        return np.asarray(self._renderer).take([3, 0, 1, 2], axis=2).tobytes()
+
+    def clear(self):
+        self._renderer.clear()
+
+    def option_image_nocomposite(self):
+        # docstring inherited
+
+        # It is generally faster to composite each image directly to
+        # the Figure, and there's no file size benefit to compositing
+        # with the Agg backend
+        return True
+
+    def option_scale_image(self):
+        # docstring inherited
+        return False
+
+    def restore_region(self, region, bbox=None, xy=None):
+        """
+        Restore the saved region. If bbox (instance of BboxBase, or
+        its extents) is given, only the region specified by the bbox
+        will be restored. *xy* (a pair of floats) optionally
+        specifies the new position (the LLC of the original region,
+        not the LLC of the bbox) where the region will be restored.
+
+        >>> region = renderer.copy_from_bbox()
+        >>> x1, y1, x2, y2 = region.get_extents()
+        >>> renderer.restore_region(region, bbox=(x1+dx, y1, x2, y2),
+        ...                         xy=(x1-dx, y1))
+
+        """
+        if bbox is not None or xy is not None:
+            if bbox is None:
+                x1, y1, x2, y2 = region.get_extents()
+            elif isinstance(bbox, BboxBase):
+                x1, y1, x2, y2 = bbox.extents
+            else:
+                x1, y1, x2, y2 = bbox
+
+            if xy is None:
+                ox, oy = x1, y1
+            else:
+                ox, oy = xy
+
+            # The incoming data is float, but the _renderer type-checking wants
+            # to see integers.
+            self._renderer.restore_region(region, int(x1), int(y1),
+                                          int(x2), int(y2), int(ox), int(oy))
+
+        else:
+            self._renderer.restore_region(region)
+
+    def start_filter(self):
+        """
+        Start filtering. It simply creates a new canvas (the old one is saved).
+        """
+        self._filter_renderers.append(self._renderer)
+        self._renderer = _RendererAgg(int(self.width), int(self.height),
+                                      self.dpi)
+        self._update_methods()
+
+    def stop_filter(self, post_processing):
+        """
+        Save the current canvas as an image and apply post processing.
+
+        The *post_processing* function::
+
+           def post_processing(image, dpi):
+             # ny, nx, depth = image.shape
+             # image (numpy array) has RGBA channels and has a depth of 4.
+             ...
+             # create a new_image (numpy array of 4 channels, size can be
+             # different). The resulting image may have offsets from
+             # lower-left corner of the original image
+             return new_image, offset_x, offset_y
+
+        The saved renderer is restored and the returned image from
+        post_processing is plotted (using draw_image) on it.
+        """
+        orig_img = np.asarray(self.buffer_rgba())
+        slice_y, slice_x = cbook._get_nonzero_slices(orig_img[..., 3])
+        cropped_img = orig_img[slice_y, slice_x]
+
+        self._renderer = self._filter_renderers.pop()
+        self._update_methods()
+
+        if cropped_img.size:
+            img, ox, oy = post_processing(cropped_img / 255, self.dpi)
+            gc = self.new_gc()
+            if img.dtype.kind == 'f':
+                img = np.asarray(img * 255., np.uint8)
+            self._renderer.draw_image(
+                gc, slice_x.start + ox, int(self.height) - slice_y.stop + oy,
+                img[::-1])
+
+
+class FigureCanvasAgg(FigureCanvasBase):
+    # docstring inherited
+
+    _lastKey = None  # Overwritten per-instance on the first draw.
+
+    def copy_from_bbox(self, bbox):
+        renderer = self.get_renderer()
+        return renderer.copy_from_bbox(bbox)
+
+    def restore_region(self, region, bbox=None, xy=None):
+        renderer = self.get_renderer()
+        return renderer.restore_region(region, bbox, xy)
+
+    def draw(self):
+        # docstring inherited
+        self.renderer = self.get_renderer()
+        self.renderer.clear()
+        # Acquire a lock on the shared font cache.
+        with (self.toolbar._wait_cursor_for_draw_cm() if self.toolbar
+              else nullcontext()):
+            self.figure.draw(self.renderer)
+            # A GUI class may be need to update a window using this draw, so
+            # don't forget to call the superclass.
+            super().draw()
+
+    def get_renderer(self):
+        w, h = self.figure.bbox.size
+        key = w, h, self.figure.dpi
+        reuse_renderer = (self._lastKey == key)
+        if not reuse_renderer:
+            self.renderer = RendererAgg(w, h, self.figure.dpi)
+            self._lastKey = key
+        return self.renderer
+
+    def tostring_argb(self):
+        """
+        Get the image as ARGB `bytes`.
+
+        `draw` must be called at least once before this function will work and
+        to update the renderer for any subsequent changes to the Figure.
+        """
+        return self.renderer.tostring_argb()
+
+    def buffer_rgba(self):
+        """
+        Get the image as a `memoryview` to the renderer's buffer.
+
+        `draw` must be called at least once before this function will work and
+        to update the renderer for any subsequent changes to the Figure.
+        """
+        return self.renderer.buffer_rgba()
+
+    def print_raw(self, filename_or_obj, *, metadata=None):
+        if metadata is not None:
+            raise ValueError("metadata not supported for raw/rgba")
+        FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self)
+        renderer = self.get_renderer()
+        with cbook.open_file_cm(filename_or_obj, "wb") as fh:
+            fh.write(renderer.buffer_rgba())
+
+    print_rgba = print_raw
+
+    def _print_pil(self, filename_or_obj, fmt, pil_kwargs, metadata=None):
+        """
+        Draw the canvas, then save it using `.image.imsave` (to which
+        *pil_kwargs* and *metadata* are forwarded).
+        """
+        FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self)
+        mpl.image.imsave(
+            filename_or_obj, self.buffer_rgba(), format=fmt, origin="upper",
+            dpi=self.figure.dpi, metadata=metadata, pil_kwargs=pil_kwargs)
+
+    def print_png(self, filename_or_obj, *, metadata=None, pil_kwargs=None):
+        """
+        Write the figure to a PNG file.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        filename_or_obj : str or path-like or file-like
+            The file to write to.
+
+        metadata : dict, optional
+            Metadata in the PNG file as key-value pairs of bytes or latin-1
+            encodable strings.
+            According to the PNG specification, keys must be shorter than 79
+            chars.
+
+            The `PNG specification`_ defines some common keywords that may be
+            used as appropriate:
+
+            - Title: Short (one line) title or caption for image.
+            - Author: Name of image's creator.
+            - Description: Description of image (possibly long).
+            - Copyright: Copyright notice.
+            - Creation Time: Time of original image creation
+              (usually RFC 1123 format).
+            - Software: Software used to create the image.
+            - Disclaimer: Legal disclaimer.
+            - Warning: Warning of nature of content.
+            - Source: Device used to create the image.
+            - Comment: Miscellaneous comment;
+              conversion from other image format.
+
+            Other keywords may be invented for other purposes.
+
+            If 'Software' is not given, an autogenerated value for Matplotlib
+            will be used.  This can be removed by setting it to *None*.
+
+            For more details see the `PNG specification`_.
+
+            .. _PNG specification: \
+                https://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-PNG-20031110/#11keywords
+
+        pil_kwargs : dict, optional
+            Keyword arguments passed to `PIL.Image.Image.save`.
+
+            If the 'pnginfo' key is present, it completely overrides
+            *metadata*, including the default 'Software' key.
+        """
+        self._print_pil(filename_or_obj, "png", pil_kwargs, metadata)
+
+    def print_to_buffer(self):
+        FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self)
+        renderer = self.get_renderer()
+        return (bytes(renderer.buffer_rgba()),
+                (int(renderer.width), int(renderer.height)))
+
+    # Note that these methods should typically be called via savefig() and
+    # print_figure(), and the latter ensures that `self.figure.dpi` already
+    # matches the dpi kwarg (if any).
+
+    def print_jpg(self, filename_or_obj, *, metadata=None, pil_kwargs=None):
+        # savefig() has already applied savefig.facecolor; we now set it to
+        # white to make imsave() blend semi-transparent figures against an
+        # assumed white background.
+        with mpl.rc_context({"savefig.facecolor": "white"}):
+            self._print_pil(filename_or_obj, "jpeg", pil_kwargs, metadata)
+
+    print_jpeg = print_jpg
+
+    def print_tif(self, filename_or_obj, *, metadata=None, pil_kwargs=None):
+        self._print_pil(filename_or_obj, "tiff", pil_kwargs, metadata)
+
+    print_tiff = print_tif
+
+    def print_webp(self, filename_or_obj, *, metadata=None, pil_kwargs=None):
+        self._print_pil(filename_or_obj, "webp", pil_kwargs, metadata)
+
+    print_jpg.__doc__, print_tif.__doc__, print_webp.__doc__ = map(
+        """
+        Write the figure to a {} file.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        filename_or_obj : str or path-like or file-like
+            The file to write to.
+        pil_kwargs : dict, optional
+            Additional keyword arguments that are passed to
+            `PIL.Image.Image.save` when saving the figure.
+        """.format, ["JPEG", "TIFF", "WebP"])
+
+
+@_Backend.export
+class _BackendAgg(_Backend):
+    backend_version = 'v2.2'
+    FigureCanvas = FigureCanvasAgg
+    FigureManager = FigureManagerBase

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_cairo.py

@@ -0,0 +1,529 @@
+"""
+A Cairo backend for Matplotlib
+==============================
+:Author: Steve Chaplin and others
+
+This backend depends on cairocffi or pycairo.
+"""
+
+import functools
+import gzip
+import math
+
+import numpy as np
+
+try:
+    import cairo
+    if cairo.version_info < (1, 14, 0):  # Introduced set_device_scale.
+        raise ImportError(f"Cairo backend requires cairo>=1.14.0, "
+                          f"but only {cairo.version_info} is available")
+except ImportError:
+    try:
+        import cairocffi as cairo
+    except ImportError as err:
+        raise ImportError(
+            "cairo backend requires that pycairo>=1.14.0 or cairocffi "
+            "is installed") from err
+
+from .. import _api, cbook, font_manager
+from matplotlib.backend_bases import (
+    _Backend, FigureCanvasBase, FigureManagerBase, GraphicsContextBase,
+    RendererBase)
+from matplotlib.font_manager import ttfFontProperty
+from matplotlib.path import Path
+from matplotlib.transforms import Affine2D
+
+
+def _set_rgba(ctx, color, alpha, forced_alpha):
+    if len(color) == 3 or forced_alpha:
+        ctx.set_source_rgba(*color[:3], alpha)
+    else:
+        ctx.set_source_rgba(*color)
+
+
+def _append_path(ctx, path, transform, clip=None):
+    for points, code in path.iter_segments(
+            transform, remove_nans=True, clip=clip):
+        if code == Path.MOVETO:
+            ctx.move_to(*points)
+        elif code == Path.CLOSEPOLY:
+            ctx.close_path()
+        elif code == Path.LINETO:
+            ctx.line_to(*points)
+        elif code == Path.CURVE3:
+            cur = np.asarray(ctx.get_current_point())
+            a = points[:2]
+            b = points[-2:]
+            ctx.curve_to(*(cur / 3 + a * 2 / 3), *(a * 2 / 3 + b / 3), *b)
+        elif code == Path.CURVE4:
+            ctx.curve_to(*points)
+
+
+def _cairo_font_args_from_font_prop(prop):
+    """
+    Convert a `.FontProperties` or a `.FontEntry` to arguments that can be
+    passed to `.Context.select_font_face`.
+    """
+    def attr(field):
+        try:
+            return getattr(prop, f"get_{field}")()
+        except AttributeError:
+            return getattr(prop, field)
+
+    name = attr("name")
+    slant = getattr(cairo, f"FONT_SLANT_{attr('style').upper()}")
+    weight = attr("weight")
+    weight = (cairo.FONT_WEIGHT_NORMAL
+              if font_manager.weight_dict.get(weight, weight) < 550
+              else cairo.FONT_WEIGHT_BOLD)
+    return name, slant, weight
+
+
+class RendererCairo(RendererBase):
+    def __init__(self, dpi):
+        self.dpi = dpi
+        self.gc = GraphicsContextCairo(renderer=self)
+        self.width = None
+        self.height = None
+        self.text_ctx = cairo.Context(
+           cairo.ImageSurface(cairo.FORMAT_ARGB32, 1, 1))
+        super().__init__()
+
+    def set_context(self, ctx):
+        surface = ctx.get_target()
+        if hasattr(surface, "get_width") and hasattr(surface, "get_height"):
+            size = surface.get_width(), surface.get_height()
+        elif hasattr(surface, "get_extents"):  # GTK4 RecordingSurface.
+            ext = surface.get_extents()
+            size = ext.width, ext.height
+        else:  # vector surfaces.
+            ctx.save()
+            ctx.reset_clip()
+            rect, *rest = ctx.copy_clip_rectangle_list()
+            if rest:
+                raise TypeError("Cannot infer surface size")
+            _, _, *size = rect
+            ctx.restore()
+        self.gc.ctx = ctx
+        self.width, self.height = size
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _fill_and_stroke(ctx, fill_c, alpha, alpha_overrides):
+        if fill_c is not None:
+            ctx.save()
+            _set_rgba(ctx, fill_c, alpha, alpha_overrides)
+            ctx.fill_preserve()
+            ctx.restore()
+        ctx.stroke()
+
+    def draw_path(self, gc, path, transform, rgbFace=None):
+        # docstring inherited
+        ctx = gc.ctx
+        # Clip the path to the actual rendering extents if it isn't filled.
+        clip = (ctx.clip_extents()
+                if rgbFace is None and gc.get_hatch() is None
+                else None)
+        transform = (transform
+                     + Affine2D().scale(1, -1).translate(0, self.height))
+        ctx.new_path()
+        _append_path(ctx, path, transform, clip)
+        if rgbFace is not None:
+            ctx.save()
+            _set_rgba(ctx, rgbFace, gc.get_alpha(), gc.get_forced_alpha())
+            ctx.fill_preserve()
+            ctx.restore()
+        hatch_path = gc.get_hatch_path()
+        if hatch_path:
+            dpi = int(self.dpi)
+            hatch_surface = ctx.get_target().create_similar(
+                cairo.Content.COLOR_ALPHA, dpi, dpi)
+            hatch_ctx = cairo.Context(hatch_surface)
+            _append_path(hatch_ctx, hatch_path,
+                         Affine2D().scale(dpi, -dpi).translate(0, dpi),
+                         None)
+            hatch_ctx.set_line_width(self.points_to_pixels(gc.get_hatch_linewidth()))
+            hatch_ctx.set_source_rgba(*gc.get_hatch_color())
+            hatch_ctx.fill_preserve()
+            hatch_ctx.stroke()
+            hatch_pattern = cairo.SurfacePattern(hatch_surface)
+            hatch_pattern.set_extend(cairo.Extend.REPEAT)
+            ctx.save()
+            ctx.set_source(hatch_pattern)
+            ctx.fill_preserve()
+            ctx.restore()
+        ctx.stroke()
+
+    def draw_markers(self, gc, marker_path, marker_trans, path, transform,
+                     rgbFace=None):
+        # docstring inherited
+
+        ctx = gc.ctx
+        ctx.new_path()
+        # Create the path for the marker; it needs to be flipped here already!
+        _append_path(ctx, marker_path, marker_trans + Affine2D().scale(1, -1))
+        marker_path = ctx.copy_path_flat()
+
+        # Figure out whether the path has a fill
+        x1, y1, x2, y2 = ctx.fill_extents()
+        if x1 == 0 and y1 == 0 and x2 == 0 and y2 == 0:
+            filled = False
+            # No fill, just unset this (so we don't try to fill it later on)
+            rgbFace = None
+        else:
+            filled = True
+
+        transform = (transform
+                     + Affine2D().scale(1, -1).translate(0, self.height))
+
+        ctx.new_path()
+        for i, (vertices, codes) in enumerate(
+                path.iter_segments(transform, simplify=False)):
+            if len(vertices):
+                x, y = vertices[-2:]
+                ctx.save()
+
+                # Translate and apply path
+                ctx.translate(x, y)
+                ctx.append_path(marker_path)
+
+                ctx.restore()
+
+                # Slower code path if there is a fill; we need to draw
+                # the fill and stroke for each marker at the same time.
+                # Also flush out the drawing every once in a while to
+                # prevent the paths from getting way too long.
+                if filled or i % 1000 == 0:
+                    self._fill_and_stroke(
+                        ctx, rgbFace, gc.get_alpha(), gc.get_forced_alpha())
+
+        # Fast path, if there is no fill, draw everything in one step
+        if not filled:
+            self._fill_and_stroke(
+                ctx, rgbFace, gc.get_alpha(), gc.get_forced_alpha())
+
+    def draw_image(self, gc, x, y, im):
+        im = cbook._unmultiplied_rgba8888_to_premultiplied_argb32(im[::-1])
+        surface = cairo.ImageSurface.create_for_data(
+            im.ravel().data, cairo.FORMAT_ARGB32,
+            im.shape[1], im.shape[0], im.shape[1] * 4)
+        ctx = gc.ctx
+        y = self.height - y - im.shape[0]
+
+        ctx.save()
+        ctx.set_source_surface(surface, float(x), float(y))
+        ctx.paint()
+        ctx.restore()
+
+    def draw_text(self, gc, x, y, s, prop, angle, ismath=False, mtext=None):
+        # docstring inherited
+
+        # Note: (x, y) are device/display coords, not user-coords, unlike other
+        # draw_* methods
+        if ismath:
+            self._draw_mathtext(gc, x, y, s, prop, angle)
+
+        else:
+            ctx = gc.ctx
+            ctx.new_path()
+            ctx.move_to(x, y)
+
+            ctx.save()
+            ctx.select_font_face(*_cairo_font_args_from_font_prop(prop))
+            ctx.set_font_size(self.points_to_pixels(prop.get_size_in_points()))
+            opts = cairo.FontOptions()
+            opts.set_antialias(gc.get_antialiased())
+            ctx.set_font_options(opts)
+            if angle:
+                ctx.rotate(np.deg2rad(-angle))
+            ctx.show_text(s)
+            ctx.restore()
+
+    def _draw_mathtext(self, gc, x, y, s, prop, angle):
+        ctx = gc.ctx
+        width, height, descent, glyphs, rects = \
+            self._text2path.mathtext_parser.parse(s, self.dpi, prop)
+
+        ctx.save()
+        ctx.translate(x, y)
+        if angle:
+            ctx.rotate(np.deg2rad(-angle))
+
+        for font, fontsize, idx, ox, oy in glyphs:
+            ctx.new_path()
+            ctx.move_to(ox, -oy)
+            ctx.select_font_face(
+                *_cairo_font_args_from_font_prop(ttfFontProperty(font)))
+            ctx.set_font_size(self.points_to_pixels(fontsize))
+            ctx.show_text(chr(idx))
+
+        for ox, oy, w, h in rects:
+            ctx.new_path()
+            ctx.rectangle(ox, -oy, w, -h)
+            ctx.set_source_rgb(0, 0, 0)
+            ctx.fill_preserve()
+
+        ctx.restore()
+
+    def get_canvas_width_height(self):
+        # docstring inherited
+        return self.width, self.height
+
+    def get_text_width_height_descent(self, s, prop, ismath):
+        # docstring inherited
+
+        if ismath == 'TeX':
+            return super().get_text_width_height_descent(s, prop, ismath)
+
+        if ismath:
+            width, height, descent, *_ = \
+                self._text2path.mathtext_parser.parse(s, self.dpi, prop)
+            return width, height, descent
+
+        ctx = self.text_ctx
+        # problem - scale remembers last setting and font can become
+        # enormous causing program to crash
+        # save/restore prevents the problem
+        ctx.save()
+        ctx.select_font_face(*_cairo_font_args_from_font_prop(prop))
+        ctx.set_font_size(self.points_to_pixels(prop.get_size_in_points()))
+
+        y_bearing, w, h = ctx.text_extents(s)[1:4]
+        ctx.restore()
+
+        return w, h, h + y_bearing
+
+    def new_gc(self):
+        # docstring inherited
+        self.gc.ctx.save()
+        # FIXME: The following doesn't properly implement a stack-like behavior
+        # and relies instead on the (non-guaranteed) fact that artists never
+        # rely on nesting gc states, so directly resetting the attributes (IOW
+        # a single-level stack) is enough.
+        self.gc._alpha = 1
+        self.gc._forced_alpha = False  # if True, _alpha overrides A from RGBA
+        self.gc._hatch = None
+        return self.gc
+
+    def points_to_pixels(self, points):
+        # docstring inherited
+        return points / 72 * self.dpi
+
+
+class GraphicsContextCairo(GraphicsContextBase):
+    _joind = {
+        'bevel':  cairo.LINE_JOIN_BEVEL,
+        'miter':  cairo.LINE_JOIN_MITER,
+        'round':  cairo.LINE_JOIN_ROUND,
+    }
+
+    _capd = {
+        'butt':        cairo.LINE_CAP_BUTT,
+        'projecting':  cairo.LINE_CAP_SQUARE,
+        'round':       cairo.LINE_CAP_ROUND,
+    }
+
+    def __init__(self, renderer):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.renderer = renderer
+
+    def restore(self):
+        self.ctx.restore()
+
+    def set_alpha(self, alpha):
+        super().set_alpha(alpha)
+        _set_rgba(
+            self.ctx, self._rgb, self.get_alpha(), self.get_forced_alpha())
+
+    def set_antialiased(self, b):
+        self.ctx.set_antialias(
+            cairo.ANTIALIAS_DEFAULT if b else cairo.ANTIALIAS_NONE)
+
+    def get_antialiased(self):
+        return self.ctx.get_antialias()
+
+    def set_capstyle(self, cs):
+        self.ctx.set_line_cap(_api.check_getitem(self._capd, capstyle=cs))
+        self._capstyle = cs
+
+    def set_clip_rectangle(self, rectangle):
+        if not rectangle:
+            return
+        x, y, w, h = np.round(rectangle.bounds)
+        ctx = self.ctx
+        ctx.new_path()
+        ctx.rectangle(x, self.renderer.height - h - y, w, h)
+        ctx.clip()
+
+    def set_clip_path(self, path):
+        if not path:
+            return
+        tpath, affine = path.get_transformed_path_and_affine()
+        ctx = self.ctx
+        ctx.new_path()
+        affine = (affine
+                  + Affine2D().scale(1, -1).translate(0, self.renderer.height))
+        _append_path(ctx, tpath, affine)
+        ctx.clip()
+
+    def set_dashes(self, offset, dashes):
+        self._dashes = offset, dashes
+        if dashes is None:
+            self.ctx.set_dash([], 0)  # switch dashes off
+        else:
+            self.ctx.set_dash(
+                list(self.renderer.points_to_pixels(np.asarray(dashes))),
+                offset)
+
+    def set_foreground(self, fg, isRGBA=None):
+        super().set_foreground(fg, isRGBA)
+        if len(self._rgb) == 3:
+            self.ctx.set_source_rgb(*self._rgb)
+        else:
+            self.ctx.set_source_rgba(*self._rgb)
+
+    def get_rgb(self):
+        return self.ctx.get_source().get_rgba()[:3]
+
+    def set_joinstyle(self, js):
+        self.ctx.set_line_join(_api.check_getitem(self._joind, joinstyle=js))
+        self._joinstyle = js
+
+    def set_linewidth(self, w):
+        self._linewidth = float(w)
+        self.ctx.set_line_width(self.renderer.points_to_pixels(w))
+
+
+class _CairoRegion:
+    def __init__(self, slices, data):
+        self._slices = slices
+        self._data = data
+
+
+class FigureCanvasCairo(FigureCanvasBase):
+    @property
+    def _renderer(self):
+        # In theory, _renderer should be set in __init__, but GUI canvas
+        # subclasses (FigureCanvasFooCairo) don't always interact well with
+        # multiple inheritance (FigureCanvasFoo inits but doesn't super-init
+        # FigureCanvasCairo), so initialize it in the getter instead.
+        if not hasattr(self, "_cached_renderer"):
+            self._cached_renderer = RendererCairo(self.figure.dpi)
+        return self._cached_renderer
+
+    def get_renderer(self):
+        return self._renderer
+
+    def copy_from_bbox(self, bbox):
+        surface = self._renderer.gc.ctx.get_target()
+        if not isinstance(surface, cairo.ImageSurface):
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "copy_from_bbox only works when rendering to an ImageSurface")
+        sw = surface.get_width()
+        sh = surface.get_height()
+        x0 = math.ceil(bbox.x0)
+        x1 = math.floor(bbox.x1)
+        y0 = math.ceil(sh - bbox.y1)
+        y1 = math.floor(sh - bbox.y0)
+        if not (0 <= x0 and x1 <= sw and bbox.x0 <= bbox.x1
+                and 0 <= y0 and y1 <= sh and bbox.y0 <= bbox.y1):
+            raise ValueError("Invalid bbox")
+        sls = slice(y0, y0 + max(y1 - y0, 0)), slice(x0, x0 + max(x1 - x0, 0))
+        data = (np.frombuffer(surface.get_data(), np.uint32)
+                .reshape((sh, sw))[sls].copy())
+        return _CairoRegion(sls, data)
+
+    def restore_region(self, region):
+        surface = self._renderer.gc.ctx.get_target()
+        if not isinstance(surface, cairo.ImageSurface):
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "restore_region only works when rendering to an ImageSurface")
+        surface.flush()
+        sw = surface.get_width()
+        sh = surface.get_height()
+        sly, slx = region._slices
+        (np.frombuffer(surface.get_data(), np.uint32)
+         .reshape((sh, sw))[sly, slx]) = region._data
+        surface.mark_dirty_rectangle(
+            slx.start, sly.start, slx.stop - slx.start, sly.stop - sly.start)
+
+    def print_png(self, fobj):
+        self._get_printed_image_surface().write_to_png(fobj)
+
+    def print_rgba(self, fobj):
+        width, height = self.get_width_height()
+        buf = self._get_printed_image_surface().get_data()
+        fobj.write(cbook._premultiplied_argb32_to_unmultiplied_rgba8888(
+            np.asarray(buf).reshape((width, height, 4))))
+
+    print_raw = print_rgba
+
+    def _get_printed_image_surface(self):
+        self._renderer.dpi = self.figure.dpi
+        width, height = self.get_width_height()
+        surface = cairo.ImageSurface(cairo.FORMAT_ARGB32, width, height)
+        self._renderer.set_context(cairo.Context(surface))
+        self.figure.draw(self._renderer)
+        return surface
+
+    def _save(self, fmt, fobj, *, orientation='portrait'):
+        # save PDF/PS/SVG
+
+        dpi = 72
+        self.figure.dpi = dpi
+        w_in, h_in = self.figure.get_size_inches()
+        width_in_points, height_in_points = w_in * dpi, h_in * dpi
+
+        if orientation == 'landscape':
+            width_in_points, height_in_points = (
+                height_in_points, width_in_points)
+
+        if fmt == 'ps':
+            if not hasattr(cairo, 'PSSurface'):
+                raise RuntimeError('cairo has not been compiled with PS '
+                                   'support enabled')
+            surface = cairo.PSSurface(fobj, width_in_points, height_in_points)
+        elif fmt == 'pdf':
+            if not hasattr(cairo, 'PDFSurface'):
+                raise RuntimeError('cairo has not been compiled with PDF '
+                                   'support enabled')
+            surface = cairo.PDFSurface(fobj, width_in_points, height_in_points)
+        elif fmt in ('svg', 'svgz'):
+            if not hasattr(cairo, 'SVGSurface'):
+                raise RuntimeError('cairo has not been compiled with SVG '
+                                   'support enabled')
+            if fmt == 'svgz':
+                if isinstance(fobj, str):
+                    fobj = gzip.GzipFile(fobj, 'wb')
+                else:
+                    fobj = gzip.GzipFile(None, 'wb', fileobj=fobj)
+            surface = cairo.SVGSurface(fobj, width_in_points, height_in_points)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(f"Unknown format: {fmt!r}")
+
+        self._renderer.dpi = self.figure.dpi
+        self._renderer.set_context(cairo.Context(surface))
+        ctx = self._renderer.gc.ctx
+
+        if orientation == 'landscape':
+            ctx.rotate(np.pi / 2)
+            ctx.translate(0, -height_in_points)
+            # Perhaps add an '%%Orientation: Landscape' comment?
+
+        self.figure.draw(self._renderer)
+
+        ctx.show_page()
+        surface.finish()
+        if fmt == 'svgz':
+            fobj.close()
+
+    print_pdf = functools.partialmethod(_save, "pdf")
+    print_ps = functools.partialmethod(_save, "ps")
+    print_svg = functools.partialmethod(_save, "svg")
+    print_svgz = functools.partialmethod(_save, "svgz")
+
+
+@_Backend.export
+class _BackendCairo(_Backend):
+    backend_version = cairo.version
+    FigureCanvas = FigureCanvasCairo
+    FigureManager = FigureManagerBase

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_gtk3.py

@@ -0,0 +1,596 @@
+import functools
+import logging
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import matplotlib as mpl
+from matplotlib import _api, backend_tools, cbook
+from matplotlib.backend_bases import (
+    ToolContainerBase, MouseButton,
+    CloseEvent, KeyEvent, LocationEvent, MouseEvent, ResizeEvent)
+
+try:
+    import gi
+except ImportError as err:
+    raise ImportError("The GTK3 backends require PyGObject") from err
+
+try:
+    # :raises ValueError: If module/version is already loaded, already
+    # required, or unavailable.
+    gi.require_version("Gtk", "3.0")
+except ValueError as e:
+    # in this case we want to re-raise as ImportError so the
+    # auto-backend selection logic correctly skips.
+    raise ImportError(e) from e
+
+from gi.repository import Gio, GLib, GObject, Gtk, Gdk
+from . import _backend_gtk
+from ._backend_gtk import (  # noqa: F401 # pylint: disable=W0611
+    _BackendGTK, _FigureCanvasGTK, _FigureManagerGTK, _NavigationToolbar2GTK,
+    TimerGTK as TimerGTK3,
+)
+
+
+_log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+@functools.cache
+def _mpl_to_gtk_cursor(mpl_cursor):
+    return Gdk.Cursor.new_from_name(
+        Gdk.Display.get_default(),
+        _backend_gtk.mpl_to_gtk_cursor_name(mpl_cursor))
+
+
+class FigureCanvasGTK3(_FigureCanvasGTK, Gtk.DrawingArea):
+    required_interactive_framework = "gtk3"
+    manager_class = _api.classproperty(lambda cls: FigureManagerGTK3)
+    # Setting this as a static constant prevents
+    # this resulting expression from leaking
+    event_mask = (Gdk.EventMask.BUTTON_PRESS_MASK
+                  | Gdk.EventMask.BUTTON_RELEASE_MASK
+                  | Gdk.EventMask.EXPOSURE_MASK
+                  | Gdk.EventMask.KEY_PRESS_MASK
+                  | Gdk.EventMask.KEY_RELEASE_MASK
+                  | Gdk.EventMask.ENTER_NOTIFY_MASK
+                  | Gdk.EventMask.LEAVE_NOTIFY_MASK
+                  | Gdk.EventMask.POINTER_MOTION_MASK
+                  | Gdk.EventMask.SCROLL_MASK)
+
+    def __init__(self, figure=None):
+        super().__init__(figure=figure)
+
+        self._idle_draw_id = 0
+        self._rubberband_rect = None
+
+        self.connect('scroll_event',         self.scroll_event)
+        self.connect('button_press_event',   self.button_press_event)
+        self.connect('button_release_event', self.button_release_event)
+        self.connect('configure_event',      self.configure_event)
+        self.connect('screen-changed',       self._update_device_pixel_ratio)
+        self.connect('notify::scale-factor', self._update_device_pixel_ratio)
+        self.connect('draw',                 self.on_draw_event)
+        self.connect('draw',                 self._post_draw)
+        self.connect('key_press_event',      self.key_press_event)
+        self.connect('key_release_event',    self.key_release_event)
+        self.connect('motion_notify_event',  self.motion_notify_event)
+        self.connect('enter_notify_event',   self.enter_notify_event)
+        self.connect('leave_notify_event',   self.leave_notify_event)
+        self.connect('size_allocate',        self.size_allocate)
+
+        self.set_events(self.__class__.event_mask)
+
+        self.set_can_focus(True)
+
+        css = Gtk.CssProvider()
+        css.load_from_data(b".matplotlib-canvas { background-color: white; }")
+        style_ctx = self.get_style_context()
+        style_ctx.add_provider(css, Gtk.STYLE_PROVIDER_PRIORITY_APPLICATION)
+        style_ctx.add_class("matplotlib-canvas")
+
+    def destroy(self):
+        CloseEvent("close_event", self)._process()
+
+    def set_cursor(self, cursor):
+        # docstring inherited
+        window = self.get_property("window")
+        if window is not None:
+            window.set_cursor(_mpl_to_gtk_cursor(cursor))
+            context = GLib.MainContext.default()
+            context.iteration(True)
+
+    def _mpl_coords(self, event=None):
+        """
+        Convert the position of a GTK event, or of the current cursor position
+        if *event* is None, to Matplotlib coordinates.
+
+        GTK use logical pixels, but the figure is scaled to physical pixels for
+        rendering.  Transform to physical pixels so that all of the down-stream
+        transforms work as expected.
+
+        Also, the origin is different and needs to be corrected.
+        """
+        if event is None:
+            window = self.get_window()
+            t, x, y, state = window.get_device_position(
+                window.get_display().get_device_manager().get_client_pointer())
+        else:
+            x, y = event.x, event.y
+        x = x * self.device_pixel_ratio
+        # flip y so y=0 is bottom of canvas
+        y = self.figure.bbox.height - y * self.device_pixel_ratio
+        return x, y
+
+    def scroll_event(self, widget, event):
+        step = 1 if event.direction == Gdk.ScrollDirection.UP else -1
+        MouseEvent("scroll_event", self,
+                   *self._mpl_coords(event), step=step,
+                   modifiers=self._mpl_modifiers(event.state),
+                   guiEvent=event)._process()
+        return False  # finish event propagation?
+
+    def button_press_event(self, widget, event):
+        MouseEvent("button_press_event", self,
+                   *self._mpl_coords(event), event.button,
+                   modifiers=self._mpl_modifiers(event.state),
+                   guiEvent=event)._process()
+        return False  # finish event propagation?
+
+    def button_release_event(self, widget, event):
+        MouseEvent("button_release_event", self,
+                   *self._mpl_coords(event), event.button,
+                   modifiers=self._mpl_modifiers(event.state),
+                   guiEvent=event)._process()
+        return False  # finish event propagation?
+
+    def key_press_event(self, widget, event):
+        KeyEvent("key_press_event", self,
+                 self._get_key(event), *self._mpl_coords(),
+                 guiEvent=event)._process()
+        return True  # stop event propagation
+
+    def key_release_event(self, widget, event):
+        KeyEvent("key_release_event", self,
+                 self._get_key(event), *self._mpl_coords(),
+                 guiEvent=event)._process()
+        return True  # stop event propagation
+
+    def motion_notify_event(self, widget, event):
+        MouseEvent("motion_notify_event", self, *self._mpl_coords(event),
+                   buttons=self._mpl_buttons(event.state),
+                   modifiers=self._mpl_modifiers(event.state),
+                   guiEvent=event)._process()
+        return False  # finish event propagation?
+
+    def enter_notify_event(self, widget, event):
+        gtk_mods = Gdk.Keymap.get_for_display(
+            self.get_display()).get_modifier_state()
+        LocationEvent("figure_enter_event", self, *self._mpl_coords(event),
+                      modifiers=self._mpl_modifiers(gtk_mods),
+                      guiEvent=event)._process()
+
+    def leave_notify_event(self, widget, event):
+        gtk_mods = Gdk.Keymap.get_for_display(
+            self.get_display()).get_modifier_state()
+        LocationEvent("figure_leave_event", self, *self._mpl_coords(event),
+                      modifiers=self._mpl_modifiers(gtk_mods),
+                      guiEvent=event)._process()
+
+    def size_allocate(self, widget, allocation):
+        dpival = self.figure.dpi
+        winch = allocation.width * self.device_pixel_ratio / dpival
+        hinch = allocation.height * self.device_pixel_ratio / dpival
+        self.figure.set_size_inches(winch, hinch, forward=False)
+        ResizeEvent("resize_event", self)._process()
+        self.draw_idle()
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _mpl_buttons(event_state):
+        modifiers = [
+            (MouseButton.LEFT, Gdk.ModifierType.BUTTON1_MASK),
+            (MouseButton.MIDDLE, Gdk.ModifierType.BUTTON2_MASK),
+            (MouseButton.RIGHT, Gdk.ModifierType.BUTTON3_MASK),
+            (MouseButton.BACK, Gdk.ModifierType.BUTTON4_MASK),
+            (MouseButton.FORWARD, Gdk.ModifierType.BUTTON5_MASK),
+        ]
+        # State *before* press/release.
+        return [name for name, mask in modifiers if event_state & mask]
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _mpl_modifiers(event_state, *, exclude=None):
+        modifiers = [
+            ("ctrl", Gdk.ModifierType.CONTROL_MASK, "control"),
+            ("alt", Gdk.ModifierType.MOD1_MASK, "alt"),
+            ("shift", Gdk.ModifierType.SHIFT_MASK, "shift"),
+            ("super", Gdk.ModifierType.MOD4_MASK, "super"),
+        ]
+        return [name for name, mask, key in modifiers
+                if exclude != key and event_state & mask]
+
+    def _get_key(self, event):
+        unikey = chr(Gdk.keyval_to_unicode(event.keyval))
+        key = cbook._unikey_or_keysym_to_mplkey(
+            unikey, Gdk.keyval_name(event.keyval))
+        mods = self._mpl_modifiers(event.state, exclude=key)
+        if "shift" in mods and unikey.isprintable():
+            mods.remove("shift")
+        return "+".join([*mods, key])
+
+    def _update_device_pixel_ratio(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        # We need to be careful in cases with mixed resolution displays if
+        # device_pixel_ratio changes.
+        if self._set_device_pixel_ratio(self.get_scale_factor()):
+            # The easiest way to resize the canvas is to emit a resize event
+            # since we implement all the logic for resizing the canvas for that
+            # event.
+            self.queue_resize()
+            self.queue_draw()
+
+    def configure_event(self, widget, event):
+        if widget.get_property("window") is None:
+            return
+        w = event.width * self.device_pixel_ratio
+        h = event.height * self.device_pixel_ratio
+        if w < 3 or h < 3:
+            return  # empty fig
+        # resize the figure (in inches)
+        dpi = self.figure.dpi
+        self.figure.set_size_inches(w / dpi, h / dpi, forward=False)
+        return False  # finish event propagation?
+
+    def _draw_rubberband(self, rect):
+        self._rubberband_rect = rect
+        # TODO: Only update the rubberband area.
+        self.queue_draw()
+
+    def _post_draw(self, widget, ctx):
+        if self._rubberband_rect is None:
+            return
+
+        x0, y0, w, h = (dim / self.device_pixel_ratio
+                        for dim in self._rubberband_rect)
+        x1 = x0 + w
+        y1 = y0 + h
+
+        # Draw the lines from x0, y0 towards x1, y1 so that the
+        # dashes don't "jump" when moving the zoom box.
+        ctx.move_to(x0, y0)
+        ctx.line_to(x0, y1)
+        ctx.move_to(x0, y0)
+        ctx.line_to(x1, y0)
+        ctx.move_to(x0, y1)
+        ctx.line_to(x1, y1)
+        ctx.move_to(x1, y0)
+        ctx.line_to(x1, y1)
+
+        ctx.set_antialias(1)
+        ctx.set_line_width(1)
+        ctx.set_dash((3, 3), 0)
+        ctx.set_source_rgb(0, 0, 0)
+        ctx.stroke_preserve()
+
+        ctx.set_dash((3, 3), 3)
+        ctx.set_source_rgb(1, 1, 1)
+        ctx.stroke()
+
+    def on_draw_event(self, widget, ctx):
+        # to be overwritten by GTK3Agg or GTK3Cairo
+        pass
+
+    def draw(self):
+        # docstring inherited
+        if self.is_drawable():
+            self.queue_draw()
+
+    def draw_idle(self):
+        # docstring inherited
+        if self._idle_draw_id != 0:
+            return
+        def idle_draw(*args):
+            try:
+                self.draw()
+            finally:
+                self._idle_draw_id = 0
+            return False
+        self._idle_draw_id = GLib.idle_add(idle_draw)
+
+    def flush_events(self):
+        # docstring inherited
+        context = GLib.MainContext.default()
+        while context.pending():
+            context.iteration(True)
+
+
+class NavigationToolbar2GTK3(_NavigationToolbar2GTK, Gtk.Toolbar):
+    def __init__(self, canvas):
+        GObject.GObject.__init__(self)
+
+        self.set_style(Gtk.ToolbarStyle.ICONS)
+
+        self._gtk_ids = {}
+        for text, tooltip_text, image_file, callback in self.toolitems:
+            if text is None:
+                self.insert(Gtk.SeparatorToolItem(), -1)
+                continue
+            image = Gtk.Image.new_from_gicon(
+                Gio.Icon.new_for_string(
+                    str(cbook._get_data_path('images',
+                                             f'{image_file}-symbolic.svg'))),
+                Gtk.IconSize.LARGE_TOOLBAR)
+            self._gtk_ids[text] = button = (
+                Gtk.ToggleToolButton() if callback in ['zoom', 'pan'] else
+                Gtk.ToolButton())
+            button.set_label(text)
+            button.set_icon_widget(image)
+            # Save the handler id, so that we can block it as needed.
+            button._signal_handler = button.connect(
+                'clicked', getattr(self, callback))
+            button.set_tooltip_text(tooltip_text)
+            self.insert(button, -1)
+
+        # This filler item ensures the toolbar is always at least two text
+        # lines high. Otherwise the canvas gets redrawn as the mouse hovers
+        # over images because those use two-line messages which resize the
+        # toolbar.
+        toolitem = Gtk.ToolItem()
+        self.insert(toolitem, -1)
+        label = Gtk.Label()
+        label.set_markup(
+            '<small>\N{NO-BREAK SPACE}\n\N{NO-BREAK SPACE}</small>')
+        toolitem.set_expand(True)  # Push real message to the right.
+        toolitem.add(label)
+
+        toolitem = Gtk.ToolItem()
+        self.insert(toolitem, -1)
+        self.message = Gtk.Label()
+        self.message.set_justify(Gtk.Justification.RIGHT)
+        toolitem.add(self.message)
+
+        self.show_all()
+
+        _NavigationToolbar2GTK.__init__(self, canvas)
+
+    def save_figure(self, *args):
+        dialog = Gtk.FileChooserDialog(
+            title="Save the figure",
+            transient_for=self.canvas.get_toplevel(),
+            action=Gtk.FileChooserAction.SAVE,
+            buttons=(Gtk.STOCK_CANCEL, Gtk.ResponseType.CANCEL,
+                     Gtk.STOCK_SAVE,   Gtk.ResponseType.OK),
+        )
+        for name, fmts \
+                in self.canvas.get_supported_filetypes_grouped().items():
+            ff = Gtk.FileFilter()
+            ff.set_name(name)
+            for fmt in fmts:
+                ff.add_pattern(f'*.{fmt}')
+            dialog.add_filter(ff)
+            if self.canvas.get_default_filetype() in fmts:
+                dialog.set_filter(ff)
+
+        @functools.partial(dialog.connect, "notify::filter")
+        def on_notify_filter(*args):
+            name = dialog.get_filter().get_name()
+            fmt = self.canvas.get_supported_filetypes_grouped()[name][0]
+            dialog.set_current_name(
+                str(Path(dialog.get_current_name()).with_suffix(f'.{fmt}')))
+
+        dialog.set_current_folder(mpl.rcParams["savefig.directory"])
+        dialog.set_current_name(self.canvas.get_default_filename())
+        dialog.set_do_overwrite_confirmation(True)
+
+        response = dialog.run()
+        fname = dialog.get_filename()
+        ff = dialog.get_filter()  # Doesn't autoadjust to filename :/
+        fmt = self.canvas.get_supported_filetypes_grouped()[ff.get_name()][0]
+        dialog.destroy()
+        if response != Gtk.ResponseType.OK:
+            return None
+        # Save dir for next time, unless empty str (which means use cwd).
+        if mpl.rcParams['savefig.directory']:
+            mpl.rcParams['savefig.directory'] = os.path.dirname(fname)
+        try:
+            self.canvas.figure.savefig(fname, format=fmt)
+            return fname
+        except Exception as e:
+            dialog = Gtk.MessageDialog(
+                transient_for=self.canvas.get_toplevel(), text=str(e),
+                message_type=Gtk.MessageType.ERROR, buttons=Gtk.ButtonsType.OK)
+            dialog.run()
+            dialog.destroy()
+
+
+class ToolbarGTK3(ToolContainerBase, Gtk.Box):
+    _icon_extension = '-symbolic.svg'
+
+    def __init__(self, toolmanager):
+        ToolContainerBase.__init__(self, toolmanager)
+        Gtk.Box.__init__(self)
+        self.set_property('orientation', Gtk.Orientation.HORIZONTAL)
+        self._message = Gtk.Label()
+        self._message.set_justify(Gtk.Justification.RIGHT)
+        self.pack_end(self._message, False, False, 0)
+        self.show_all()
+        self._groups = {}
+        self._toolitems = {}
+
+    def add_toolitem(self, name, group, position, image_file, description,
+                     toggle):
+        if toggle:
+            button = Gtk.ToggleToolButton()
+        else:
+            button = Gtk.ToolButton()
+        button.set_label(name)
+
+        if image_file is not None:
+            image = Gtk.Image.new_from_gicon(
+                Gio.Icon.new_for_string(image_file),
+                Gtk.IconSize.LARGE_TOOLBAR)
+            button.set_icon_widget(image)
+
+        if position is None:
+            position = -1
+
+        self._add_button(button, group, position)
+        signal = button.connect('clicked', self._call_tool, name)
+        button.set_tooltip_text(description)
+        button.show_all()
+        self._toolitems.setdefault(name, [])
+        self._toolitems[name].append((button, signal))
+
+    def _add_button(self, button, group, position):
+        if group not in self._groups:
+            if self._groups:
+                self._add_separator()
+            toolbar = Gtk.Toolbar()
+            toolbar.set_style(Gtk.ToolbarStyle.ICONS)
+            self.pack_start(toolbar, False, False, 0)
+            toolbar.show_all()
+            self._groups[group] = toolbar
+        self._groups[group].insert(button, position)
+
+    def _call_tool(self, btn, name):
+        self.trigger_tool(name)
+
+    def toggle_toolitem(self, name, toggled):
+        if name not in self._toolitems:
+            return
+        for toolitem, signal in self._toolitems[name]:
+            toolitem.handler_block(signal)
+            toolitem.set_active(toggled)
+            toolitem.handler_unblock(signal)
+
+    def remove_toolitem(self, name):
+        for toolitem, _signal in self._toolitems.pop(name, []):
+            for group in self._groups:
+                if toolitem in self._groups[group]:
+                    self._groups[group].remove(toolitem)
+
+    def _add_separator(self):
+        sep = Gtk.Separator()
+        sep.set_property("orientation", Gtk.Orientation.VERTICAL)
+        self.pack_start(sep, False, True, 0)
+        sep.show_all()
+
+    def set_message(self, s):
+        self._message.set_label(s)
+
+
+@backend_tools._register_tool_class(FigureCanvasGTK3)
+class SaveFigureGTK3(backend_tools.SaveFigureBase):
+    def trigger(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        NavigationToolbar2GTK3.save_figure(
+            self._make_classic_style_pseudo_toolbar())
+
+
+@backend_tools._register_tool_class(FigureCanvasGTK3)
+class HelpGTK3(backend_tools.ToolHelpBase):
+    def _normalize_shortcut(self, key):
+        """
+        Convert Matplotlib key presses to GTK+ accelerator identifiers.
+
+        Related to `FigureCanvasGTK3._get_key`.
+        """
+        special = {
+            'backspace': 'BackSpace',
+            'pagedown': 'Page_Down',
+            'pageup': 'Page_Up',
+            'scroll_lock': 'Scroll_Lock',
+        }
+
+        parts = key.split('+')
+        mods = ['<' + mod + '>' for mod in parts[:-1]]
+        key = parts[-1]
+
+        if key in special:
+            key = special[key]
+        elif len(key) > 1:
+            key = key.capitalize()
+        elif key.isupper():
+            mods += ['<shift>']
+
+        return ''.join(mods) + key
+
+    def _is_valid_shortcut(self, key):
+        """
+        Check for a valid shortcut to be displayed.
+
+        - GTK will never send 'cmd+' (see `FigureCanvasGTK3._get_key`).
+        - The shortcut window only shows keyboard shortcuts, not mouse buttons.
+        """
+        return 'cmd+' not in key and not key.startswith('MouseButton.')
+
+    def _show_shortcuts_window(self):
+        section = Gtk.ShortcutsSection()
+
+        for name, tool in sorted(self.toolmanager.tools.items()):
+            if not tool.description:
+                continue
+
+            # Putting everything in a separate group allows GTK to
+            # automatically split them into separate columns/pages, which is
+            # useful because we have lots of shortcuts, some with many keys
+            # that are very wide.
+            group = Gtk.ShortcutsGroup()
+            section.add(group)
+            # A hack to remove the title since we have no group naming.
+            group.forall(lambda widget, data: widget.set_visible(False), None)
+
+            shortcut = Gtk.ShortcutsShortcut(
+                accelerator=' '.join(
+                    self._normalize_shortcut(key)
+                    for key in self.toolmanager.get_tool_keymap(name)
+                    if self._is_valid_shortcut(key)),
+                title=tool.name,
+                subtitle=tool.description)
+            group.add(shortcut)
+
+        window = Gtk.ShortcutsWindow(
+            title='Help',
+            modal=True,
+            transient_for=self._figure.canvas.get_toplevel())
+        section.show()  # Must be done explicitly before add!
+        window.add(section)
+
+        window.show_all()
+
+    def _show_shortcuts_dialog(self):
+        dialog = Gtk.MessageDialog(
+            self._figure.canvas.get_toplevel(),
+            0, Gtk.MessageType.INFO, Gtk.ButtonsType.OK, self._get_help_text(),
+            title="Help")
+        dialog.run()
+        dialog.destroy()
+
+    def trigger(self, *args):
+        if Gtk.check_version(3, 20, 0) is None:
+            self._show_shortcuts_window()
+        else:
+            self._show_shortcuts_dialog()
+
+
+@backend_tools._register_tool_class(FigureCanvasGTK3)
+class ToolCopyToClipboardGTK3(backend_tools.ToolCopyToClipboardBase):
+    def trigger(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        clipboard = Gtk.Clipboard.get(Gdk.SELECTION_CLIPBOARD)
+        window = self.canvas.get_window()
+        x, y, width, height = window.get_geometry()
+        pb = Gdk.pixbuf_get_from_window(window, x, y, width, height)
+        clipboard.set_image(pb)
+
+
+Toolbar = ToolbarGTK3
+backend_tools._register_tool_class(
+    FigureCanvasGTK3, _backend_gtk.ConfigureSubplotsGTK)
+backend_tools._register_tool_class(
+    FigureCanvasGTK3, _backend_gtk.RubberbandGTK)
+
+
+class FigureManagerGTK3(_FigureManagerGTK):
+    _toolbar2_class = NavigationToolbar2GTK3
+    _toolmanager_toolbar_class = ToolbarGTK3
+
+
+@_BackendGTK.export
+class _BackendGTK3(_BackendGTK):
+    FigureCanvas = FigureCanvasGTK3
+    FigureManager = FigureManagerGTK3

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_gtk3agg.py

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+import numpy as np
+
+from .. import cbook, transforms
+from . import backend_agg, backend_gtk3
+from .backend_gtk3 import GLib, Gtk, _BackendGTK3
+
+import cairo  # Presence of cairo is already checked by _backend_gtk.
+
+
+class FigureCanvasGTK3Agg(backend_agg.FigureCanvasAgg,
+                          backend_gtk3.FigureCanvasGTK3):
+    def __init__(self, figure):
+        super().__init__(figure=figure)
+        self._bbox_queue = []
+
+    def on_draw_event(self, widget, ctx):
+        if self._idle_draw_id:
+            GLib.source_remove(self._idle_draw_id)
+            self._idle_draw_id = 0
+            self.draw()
+
+        scale = self.device_pixel_ratio
+        allocation = self.get_allocation()
+        w = allocation.width * scale
+        h = allocation.height * scale
+
+        if not len(self._bbox_queue):
+            Gtk.render_background(
+                self.get_style_context(), ctx,
+                allocation.x, allocation.y,
+                allocation.width, allocation.height)
+            bbox_queue = [transforms.Bbox([[0, 0], [w, h]])]
+        else:
+            bbox_queue = self._bbox_queue
+
+        for bbox in bbox_queue:
+            x = int(bbox.x0)
+            y = h - int(bbox.y1)
+            width = int(bbox.x1) - int(bbox.x0)
+            height = int(bbox.y1) - int(bbox.y0)
+
+            buf = cbook._unmultiplied_rgba8888_to_premultiplied_argb32(
+                np.asarray(self.copy_from_bbox(bbox)))
+            image = cairo.ImageSurface.create_for_data(
+                buf.ravel().data, cairo.FORMAT_ARGB32, width, height)
+            image.set_device_scale(scale, scale)
+            ctx.set_source_surface(image, x / scale, y / scale)
+            ctx.paint()
+
+        if len(self._bbox_queue):
+            self._bbox_queue = []
+
+        return False
+
+    def blit(self, bbox=None):
+        # If bbox is None, blit the entire canvas to gtk. Otherwise
+        # blit only the area defined by the bbox.
+        if bbox is None:
+            bbox = self.figure.bbox
+
+        scale = self.device_pixel_ratio
+        allocation = self.get_allocation()
+        x = int(bbox.x0 / scale)
+        y = allocation.height - int(bbox.y1 / scale)
+        width = (int(bbox.x1) - int(bbox.x0)) // scale
+        height = (int(bbox.y1) - int(bbox.y0)) // scale
+
+        self._bbox_queue.append(bbox)
+        self.queue_draw_area(x, y, width, height)
+
+
+@_BackendGTK3.export
+class _BackendGTK3Agg(_BackendGTK3):
+    FigureCanvas = FigureCanvasGTK3Agg

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_gtk3cairo.py

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+from contextlib import nullcontext
+
+from .backend_cairo import FigureCanvasCairo
+from .backend_gtk3 import GLib, Gtk, FigureCanvasGTK3, _BackendGTK3
+
+
+class FigureCanvasGTK3Cairo(FigureCanvasCairo, FigureCanvasGTK3):
+    def on_draw_event(self, widget, ctx):
+        if self._idle_draw_id:
+            GLib.source_remove(self._idle_draw_id)
+            self._idle_draw_id = 0
+            self.draw()
+
+        with (self.toolbar._wait_cursor_for_draw_cm() if self.toolbar
+              else nullcontext()):
+            allocation = self.get_allocation()
+            # Render the background before scaling, as the allocated size here is in
+            # logical pixels.
+            Gtk.render_background(
+                self.get_style_context(), ctx,
+                0, 0, allocation.width, allocation.height)
+            scale = self.device_pixel_ratio
+            # Scale physical drawing to logical size.
+            ctx.scale(1 / scale, 1 / scale)
+            self._renderer.set_context(ctx)
+            # Set renderer to physical size so it renders in full resolution.
+            self._renderer.width = allocation.width * scale
+            self._renderer.height = allocation.height * scale
+            self._renderer.dpi = self.figure.dpi
+            self.figure.draw(self._renderer)
+
+
+@_BackendGTK3.export
+class _BackendGTK3Cairo(_BackendGTK3):
+    FigureCanvas = FigureCanvasGTK3Cairo

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_gtk4.py

@@ -0,0 +1,641 @@
+import functools
+import io
+import os
+
+import matplotlib as mpl
+from matplotlib import _api, backend_tools, cbook
+from matplotlib.backend_bases import (
+    ToolContainerBase, MouseButton,
+    KeyEvent, LocationEvent, MouseEvent, ResizeEvent, CloseEvent)
+
+try:
+    import gi
+except ImportError as err:
+    raise ImportError("The GTK4 backends require PyGObject") from err
+
+try:
+    # :raises ValueError: If module/version is already loaded, already
+    # required, or unavailable.
+    gi.require_version("Gtk", "4.0")
+except ValueError as e:
+    # in this case we want to re-raise as ImportError so the
+    # auto-backend selection logic correctly skips.
+    raise ImportError(e) from e
+
+from gi.repository import Gio, GLib, Gtk, Gdk, GdkPixbuf
+from . import _backend_gtk
+from ._backend_gtk import (  # noqa: F401 # pylint: disable=W0611
+    _BackendGTK, _FigureCanvasGTK, _FigureManagerGTK, _NavigationToolbar2GTK,
+    TimerGTK as TimerGTK4,
+)
+
+_GOBJECT_GE_3_47 = gi.version_info >= (3, 47, 0)
+_GTK_GE_4_12 = Gtk.check_version(4, 12, 0) is None
+
+
+class FigureCanvasGTK4(_FigureCanvasGTK, Gtk.DrawingArea):
+    required_interactive_framework = "gtk4"
+    supports_blit = False
+    manager_class = _api.classproperty(lambda cls: FigureManagerGTK4)
+
+    def __init__(self, figure=None):
+        super().__init__(figure=figure)
+
+        self.set_hexpand(True)
+        self.set_vexpand(True)
+
+        self._idle_draw_id = 0
+        self._rubberband_rect = None
+
+        self.set_draw_func(self._draw_func)
+        self.connect('resize', self.resize_event)
+        if _GTK_GE_4_12:
+            self.connect('realize', self._realize_event)
+        else:
+            self.connect('notify::scale-factor', self._update_device_pixel_ratio)
+
+        click = Gtk.GestureClick()
+        click.set_button(0)  # All buttons.
+        click.connect('pressed', self.button_press_event)
+        click.connect('released', self.button_release_event)
+        self.add_controller(click)
+
+        key = Gtk.EventControllerKey()
+        key.connect('key-pressed', self.key_press_event)
+        key.connect('key-released', self.key_release_event)
+        self.add_controller(key)
+
+        motion = Gtk.EventControllerMotion()
+        motion.connect('motion', self.motion_notify_event)
+        motion.connect('enter', self.enter_notify_event)
+        motion.connect('leave', self.leave_notify_event)
+        self.add_controller(motion)
+
+        scroll = Gtk.EventControllerScroll.new(
+            Gtk.EventControllerScrollFlags.VERTICAL)
+        scroll.connect('scroll', self.scroll_event)
+        self.add_controller(scroll)
+
+        self.set_focusable(True)
+
+        css = Gtk.CssProvider()
+        style = '.matplotlib-canvas { background-color: white; }'
+        if Gtk.check_version(4, 9, 3) is None:
+            css.load_from_data(style, -1)
+        else:
+            css.load_from_data(style.encode('utf-8'))
+        style_ctx = self.get_style_context()
+        style_ctx.add_provider(css, Gtk.STYLE_PROVIDER_PRIORITY_APPLICATION)
+        style_ctx.add_class("matplotlib-canvas")
+
+    def destroy(self):
+        CloseEvent("close_event", self)._process()
+
+    def set_cursor(self, cursor):
+        # docstring inherited
+        self.set_cursor_from_name(_backend_gtk.mpl_to_gtk_cursor_name(cursor))
+
+    def _mpl_coords(self, xy=None):
+        """
+        Convert the *xy* position of a GTK event, or of the current cursor
+        position if *xy* is None, to Matplotlib coordinates.
+
+        GTK use logical pixels, but the figure is scaled to physical pixels for
+        rendering.  Transform to physical pixels so that all of the down-stream
+        transforms work as expected.
+
+        Also, the origin is different and needs to be corrected.
+        """
+        if xy is None:
+            surface = self.get_native().get_surface()
+            is_over, x, y, mask = surface.get_device_position(
+                self.get_display().get_default_seat().get_pointer())
+        else:
+            x, y = xy
+        x = x * self.device_pixel_ratio
+        # flip y so y=0 is bottom of canvas
+        y = self.figure.bbox.height - y * self.device_pixel_ratio
+        return x, y
+
+    def scroll_event(self, controller, dx, dy):
+        MouseEvent(
+            "scroll_event", self, *self._mpl_coords(), step=dy,
+            modifiers=self._mpl_modifiers(controller),
+            guiEvent=controller.get_current_event() if _GOBJECT_GE_3_47 else None,
+        )._process()
+        return True
+
+    def button_press_event(self, controller, n_press, x, y):
+        MouseEvent(
+            "button_press_event", self, *self._mpl_coords((x, y)),
+            controller.get_current_button(),
+            modifiers=self._mpl_modifiers(controller),
+            guiEvent=controller.get_current_event() if _GOBJECT_GE_3_47 else None,
+        )._process()
+        self.grab_focus()
+
+    def button_release_event(self, controller, n_press, x, y):
+        MouseEvent(
+            "button_release_event", self, *self._mpl_coords((x, y)),
+            controller.get_current_button(),
+            modifiers=self._mpl_modifiers(controller),
+            guiEvent=controller.get_current_event() if _GOBJECT_GE_3_47 else None,
+        )._process()
+
+    def key_press_event(self, controller, keyval, keycode, state):
+        KeyEvent(
+            "key_press_event", self, self._get_key(keyval, keycode, state),
+            *self._mpl_coords(),
+            guiEvent=controller.get_current_event() if _GOBJECT_GE_3_47 else None,
+        )._process()
+        return True
+
+    def key_release_event(self, controller, keyval, keycode, state):
+        KeyEvent(
+            "key_release_event", self, self._get_key(keyval, keycode, state),
+            *self._mpl_coords(),
+            guiEvent=controller.get_current_event() if _GOBJECT_GE_3_47 else None,
+        )._process()
+        return True
+
+    def motion_notify_event(self, controller, x, y):
+        MouseEvent(
+            "motion_notify_event", self, *self._mpl_coords((x, y)),
+            buttons=self._mpl_buttons(controller),
+            modifiers=self._mpl_modifiers(controller),
+            guiEvent=controller.get_current_event() if _GOBJECT_GE_3_47 else None,
+        )._process()
+
+    def enter_notify_event(self, controller, x, y):
+        LocationEvent(
+            "figure_enter_event", self, *self._mpl_coords((x, y)),
+            modifiers=self._mpl_modifiers(),
+            guiEvent=controller.get_current_event() if _GOBJECT_GE_3_47 else None,
+        )._process()
+
+    def leave_notify_event(self, controller):
+        LocationEvent(
+            "figure_leave_event", self, *self._mpl_coords(),
+            modifiers=self._mpl_modifiers(),
+            guiEvent=controller.get_current_event() if _GOBJECT_GE_3_47 else None,
+        )._process()
+
+    def resize_event(self, area, width, height):
+        self._update_device_pixel_ratio()
+        dpi = self.figure.dpi
+        winch = width * self.device_pixel_ratio / dpi
+        hinch = height * self.device_pixel_ratio / dpi
+        self.figure.set_size_inches(winch, hinch, forward=False)
+        ResizeEvent("resize_event", self)._process()
+        self.draw_idle()
+
+    def _mpl_buttons(self, controller):
+        # NOTE: This spews "Broken accounting of active state" warnings on
+        # right click on macOS.
+        surface = self.get_native().get_surface()
+        is_over, x, y, event_state = surface.get_device_position(
+            self.get_display().get_default_seat().get_pointer())
+        # NOTE: alternatively we could use
+        #   event_state = controller.get_current_event_state()
+        # but for button_press/button_release this would report the state
+        # *prior* to the event rather than after it; the above reports the
+        # state *after* it.
+        mod_table = [
+            (MouseButton.LEFT, Gdk.ModifierType.BUTTON1_MASK),
+            (MouseButton.MIDDLE, Gdk.ModifierType.BUTTON2_MASK),
+            (MouseButton.RIGHT, Gdk.ModifierType.BUTTON3_MASK),
+            (MouseButton.BACK, Gdk.ModifierType.BUTTON4_MASK),
+            (MouseButton.FORWARD, Gdk.ModifierType.BUTTON5_MASK),
+        ]
+        return {name for name, mask in mod_table if event_state & mask}
+
+    def _mpl_modifiers(self, controller=None):
+        if controller is None:
+            surface = self.get_native().get_surface()
+            is_over, x, y, event_state = surface.get_device_position(
+                self.get_display().get_default_seat().get_pointer())
+        else:
+            event_state = controller.get_current_event_state()
+        mod_table = [
+            ("ctrl", Gdk.ModifierType.CONTROL_MASK),
+            ("alt", Gdk.ModifierType.ALT_MASK),
+            ("shift", Gdk.ModifierType.SHIFT_MASK),
+            ("super", Gdk.ModifierType.SUPER_MASK),
+        ]
+        return [name for name, mask in mod_table if event_state & mask]
+
+    def _get_key(self, keyval, keycode, state):
+        unikey = chr(Gdk.keyval_to_unicode(keyval))
+        key = cbook._unikey_or_keysym_to_mplkey(
+            unikey,
+            Gdk.keyval_name(keyval))
+        modifiers = [
+            ("ctrl", Gdk.ModifierType.CONTROL_MASK, "control"),
+            ("alt", Gdk.ModifierType.ALT_MASK, "alt"),
+            ("shift", Gdk.ModifierType.SHIFT_MASK, "shift"),
+            ("super", Gdk.ModifierType.SUPER_MASK, "super"),
+        ]
+        mods = [
+            mod for mod, mask, mod_key in modifiers
+            if (mod_key != key and state & mask
+                and not (mod == "shift" and unikey.isprintable()))]
+        return "+".join([*mods, key])
+
+    def _realize_event(self, obj):
+        surface = self.get_native().get_surface()
+        surface.connect('notify::scale', self._update_device_pixel_ratio)
+        self._update_device_pixel_ratio()
+
+    def _update_device_pixel_ratio(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        # We need to be careful in cases with mixed resolution displays if
+        # device_pixel_ratio changes.
+        if _GTK_GE_4_12:
+            scale = self.get_native().get_surface().get_scale()
+        else:
+            scale = self.get_scale_factor()
+        assert scale is not None
+        if self._set_device_pixel_ratio(scale):
+            self.draw()
+
+    def _draw_rubberband(self, rect):
+        self._rubberband_rect = rect
+        # TODO: Only update the rubberband area.
+        self.queue_draw()
+
+    def _draw_func(self, drawing_area, ctx, width, height):
+        self.on_draw_event(self, ctx)
+        self._post_draw(self, ctx)
+
+    def _post_draw(self, widget, ctx):
+        if self._rubberband_rect is None:
+            return
+
+        lw = 1
+        dash = 3
+        x0, y0, w, h = (dim / self.device_pixel_ratio
+                        for dim in self._rubberband_rect)
+        x1 = x0 + w
+        y1 = y0 + h
+
+        # Draw the lines from x0, y0 towards x1, y1 so that the
+        # dashes don't "jump" when moving the zoom box.
+        ctx.move_to(x0, y0)
+        ctx.line_to(x0, y1)
+        ctx.move_to(x0, y0)
+        ctx.line_to(x1, y0)
+        ctx.move_to(x0, y1)
+        ctx.line_to(x1, y1)
+        ctx.move_to(x1, y0)
+        ctx.line_to(x1, y1)
+
+        ctx.set_antialias(1)
+        ctx.set_line_width(lw)
+        ctx.set_dash((dash, dash), 0)
+        ctx.set_source_rgb(0, 0, 0)
+        ctx.stroke_preserve()
+
+        ctx.set_dash((dash, dash), dash)
+        ctx.set_source_rgb(1, 1, 1)
+        ctx.stroke()
+
+    def on_draw_event(self, widget, ctx):
+        # to be overwritten by GTK4Agg or GTK4Cairo
+        pass
+
+    def draw(self):
+        # docstring inherited
+        if self.is_drawable():
+            self.queue_draw()
+
+    def draw_idle(self):
+        # docstring inherited
+        if self._idle_draw_id != 0:
+            return
+        def idle_draw(*args):
+            try:
+                self.draw()
+            finally:
+                self._idle_draw_id = 0
+            return False
+        self._idle_draw_id = GLib.idle_add(idle_draw)
+
+    def flush_events(self):
+        # docstring inherited
+        context = GLib.MainContext.default()
+        while context.pending():
+            context.iteration(True)
+
+
+class NavigationToolbar2GTK4(_NavigationToolbar2GTK, Gtk.Box):
+    def __init__(self, canvas):
+        Gtk.Box.__init__(self)
+
+        self.add_css_class('toolbar')
+
+        self._gtk_ids = {}
+        for text, tooltip_text, image_file, callback in self.toolitems:
+            if text is None:
+                self.append(Gtk.Separator())
+                continue
+            image = Gtk.Image.new_from_gicon(
+                Gio.Icon.new_for_string(
+                    str(cbook._get_data_path('images',
+                                             f'{image_file}-symbolic.svg'))))
+            self._gtk_ids[text] = button = (
+                Gtk.ToggleButton() if callback in ['zoom', 'pan'] else
+                Gtk.Button())
+            button.set_child(image)
+            button.add_css_class('flat')
+            button.add_css_class('image-button')
+            # Save the handler id, so that we can block it as needed.
+            button._signal_handler = button.connect(
+                'clicked', getattr(self, callback))
+            button.set_tooltip_text(tooltip_text)
+            self.append(button)
+
+        # This filler item ensures the toolbar is always at least two text
+        # lines high. Otherwise the canvas gets redrawn as the mouse hovers
+        # over images because those use two-line messages which resize the
+        # toolbar.
+        label = Gtk.Label()
+        label.set_markup(
+            '<small>\N{NO-BREAK SPACE}\n\N{NO-BREAK SPACE}</small>')
+        label.set_hexpand(True)  # Push real message to the right.
+        self.append(label)
+
+        self.message = Gtk.Label()
+        self.message.set_justify(Gtk.Justification.RIGHT)
+        self.append(self.message)
+
+        _NavigationToolbar2GTK.__init__(self, canvas)
+
+    def save_figure(self, *args):
+        dialog = Gtk.FileChooserNative(
+            title='Save the figure',
+            transient_for=self.canvas.get_root(),
+            action=Gtk.FileChooserAction.SAVE,
+            modal=True)
+        self._save_dialog = dialog  # Must keep a reference.
+
+        ff = Gtk.FileFilter()
+        ff.set_name('All files')
+        ff.add_pattern('*')
+        dialog.add_filter(ff)
+        dialog.set_filter(ff)
+
+        formats = []
+        default_format = None
+        for i, (name, fmts) in enumerate(
+                self.canvas.get_supported_filetypes_grouped().items()):
+            ff = Gtk.FileFilter()
+            ff.set_name(name)
+            for fmt in fmts:
+                ff.add_pattern(f'*.{fmt}')
+            dialog.add_filter(ff)
+            formats.append(name)
+            if self.canvas.get_default_filetype() in fmts:
+                default_format = i
+        # Setting the choice doesn't always work, so make sure the default
+        # format is first.
+        formats = [formats[default_format], *formats[:default_format],
+                   *formats[default_format+1:]]
+        dialog.add_choice('format', 'File format', formats, formats)
+        dialog.set_choice('format', formats[0])
+
+        dialog.set_current_folder(Gio.File.new_for_path(
+            os.path.expanduser(mpl.rcParams['savefig.directory'])))
+        dialog.set_current_name(self.canvas.get_default_filename())
+
+        @functools.partial(dialog.connect, 'response')
+        def on_response(dialog, response):
+            file = dialog.get_file()
+            fmt = dialog.get_choice('format')
+            fmt = self.canvas.get_supported_filetypes_grouped()[fmt][0]
+            dialog.destroy()
+            self._save_dialog = None
+            if response != Gtk.ResponseType.ACCEPT:
+                return
+            # Save dir for next time, unless empty str (which means use cwd).
+            if mpl.rcParams['savefig.directory']:
+                parent = file.get_parent()
+                mpl.rcParams['savefig.directory'] = parent.get_path()
+            try:
+                self.canvas.figure.savefig(file.get_path(), format=fmt)
+            except Exception as e:
+                msg = Gtk.MessageDialog(
+                    transient_for=self.canvas.get_root(),
+                    message_type=Gtk.MessageType.ERROR,
+                    buttons=Gtk.ButtonsType.OK, modal=True,
+                    text=str(e))
+                msg.show()
+
+        dialog.show()
+        return self.UNKNOWN_SAVED_STATUS
+
+
+class ToolbarGTK4(ToolContainerBase, Gtk.Box):
+    _icon_extension = '-symbolic.svg'
+
+    def __init__(self, toolmanager):
+        ToolContainerBase.__init__(self, toolmanager)
+        Gtk.Box.__init__(self)
+        self.set_property('orientation', Gtk.Orientation.HORIZONTAL)
+
+        # Tool items are created later, but must appear before the message.
+        self._tool_box = Gtk.Box()
+        self.append(self._tool_box)
+        self._groups = {}
+        self._toolitems = {}
+
+        # This filler item ensures the toolbar is always at least two text
+        # lines high. Otherwise the canvas gets redrawn as the mouse hovers
+        # over images because those use two-line messages which resize the
+        # toolbar.
+        label = Gtk.Label()
+        label.set_markup(
+            '<small>\N{NO-BREAK SPACE}\n\N{NO-BREAK SPACE}</small>')
+        label.set_hexpand(True)  # Push real message to the right.
+        self.append(label)
+
+        self._message = Gtk.Label()
+        self._message.set_justify(Gtk.Justification.RIGHT)
+        self.append(self._message)
+
+    def add_toolitem(self, name, group, position, image_file, description,
+                     toggle):
+        if toggle:
+            button = Gtk.ToggleButton()
+        else:
+            button = Gtk.Button()
+        button.set_label(name)
+        button.add_css_class('flat')
+
+        if image_file is not None:
+            image = Gtk.Image.new_from_gicon(
+                Gio.Icon.new_for_string(image_file))
+            button.set_child(image)
+            button.add_css_class('image-button')
+
+        if position is None:
+            position = -1
+
+        self._add_button(button, group, position)
+        signal = button.connect('clicked', self._call_tool, name)
+        button.set_tooltip_text(description)
+        self._toolitems.setdefault(name, [])
+        self._toolitems[name].append((button, signal))
+
+    def _find_child_at_position(self, group, position):
+        children = [None]
+        child = self._groups[group].get_first_child()
+        while child is not None:
+            children.append(child)
+            child = child.get_next_sibling()
+        return children[position]
+
+    def _add_button(self, button, group, position):
+        if group not in self._groups:
+            if self._groups:
+                self._add_separator()
+            group_box = Gtk.Box()
+            self._tool_box.append(group_box)
+            self._groups[group] = group_box
+        self._groups[group].insert_child_after(
+            button, self._find_child_at_position(group, position))
+
+    def _call_tool(self, btn, name):
+        self.trigger_tool(name)
+
+    def toggle_toolitem(self, name, toggled):
+        if name not in self._toolitems:
+            return
+        for toolitem, signal in self._toolitems[name]:
+            toolitem.handler_block(signal)
+            toolitem.set_active(toggled)
+            toolitem.handler_unblock(signal)
+
+    def remove_toolitem(self, name):
+        for toolitem, _signal in self._toolitems.pop(name, []):
+            for group in self._groups:
+                if toolitem in self._groups[group]:
+                    self._groups[group].remove(toolitem)
+
+    def _add_separator(self):
+        sep = Gtk.Separator()
+        sep.set_property("orientation", Gtk.Orientation.VERTICAL)
+        self._tool_box.append(sep)
+
+    def set_message(self, s):
+        self._message.set_label(s)
+
+
+@backend_tools._register_tool_class(FigureCanvasGTK4)
+class SaveFigureGTK4(backend_tools.SaveFigureBase):
+    def trigger(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        NavigationToolbar2GTK4.save_figure(
+            self._make_classic_style_pseudo_toolbar())
+
+
+@backend_tools._register_tool_class(FigureCanvasGTK4)
+class HelpGTK4(backend_tools.ToolHelpBase):
+    def _normalize_shortcut(self, key):
+        """
+        Convert Matplotlib key presses to GTK+ accelerator identifiers.
+
+        Related to `FigureCanvasGTK4._get_key`.
+        """
+        special = {
+            'backspace': 'BackSpace',
+            'pagedown': 'Page_Down',
+            'pageup': 'Page_Up',
+            'scroll_lock': 'Scroll_Lock',
+        }
+
+        parts = key.split('+')
+        mods = ['<' + mod + '>' for mod in parts[:-1]]
+        key = parts[-1]
+
+        if key in special:
+            key = special[key]
+        elif len(key) > 1:
+            key = key.capitalize()
+        elif key.isupper():
+            mods += ['<shift>']
+
+        return ''.join(mods) + key
+
+    def _is_valid_shortcut(self, key):
+        """
+        Check for a valid shortcut to be displayed.
+
+        - GTK will never send 'cmd+' (see `FigureCanvasGTK4._get_key`).
+        - The shortcut window only shows keyboard shortcuts, not mouse buttons.
+        """
+        return 'cmd+' not in key and not key.startswith('MouseButton.')
+
+    def trigger(self, *args):
+        section = Gtk.ShortcutsSection()
+
+        for name, tool in sorted(self.toolmanager.tools.items()):
+            if not tool.description:
+                continue
+
+            # Putting everything in a separate group allows GTK to
+            # automatically split them into separate columns/pages, which is
+            # useful because we have lots of shortcuts, some with many keys
+            # that are very wide.
+            group = Gtk.ShortcutsGroup()
+            section.append(group)
+            # A hack to remove the title since we have no group naming.
+            child = group.get_first_child()
+            while child is not None:
+                child.set_visible(False)
+                child = child.get_next_sibling()
+
+            shortcut = Gtk.ShortcutsShortcut(
+                accelerator=' '.join(
+                    self._normalize_shortcut(key)
+                    for key in self.toolmanager.get_tool_keymap(name)
+                    if self._is_valid_shortcut(key)),
+                title=tool.name,
+                subtitle=tool.description)
+            group.append(shortcut)
+
+        window = Gtk.ShortcutsWindow(
+            title='Help',
+            modal=True,
+            transient_for=self._figure.canvas.get_root())
+        window.set_child(section)
+
+        window.show()
+
+
+@backend_tools._register_tool_class(FigureCanvasGTK4)
+class ToolCopyToClipboardGTK4(backend_tools.ToolCopyToClipboardBase):
+    def trigger(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        with io.BytesIO() as f:
+            self.canvas.print_rgba(f)
+            w, h = self.canvas.get_width_height()
+            pb = GdkPixbuf.Pixbuf.new_from_data(f.getbuffer(),
+                                                GdkPixbuf.Colorspace.RGB, True,
+                                                8, w, h, w*4)
+        clipboard = self.canvas.get_clipboard()
+        clipboard.set(pb)
+
+
+backend_tools._register_tool_class(
+    FigureCanvasGTK4, _backend_gtk.ConfigureSubplotsGTK)
+backend_tools._register_tool_class(
+    FigureCanvasGTK4, _backend_gtk.RubberbandGTK)
+Toolbar = ToolbarGTK4
+
+
+class FigureManagerGTK4(_FigureManagerGTK):
+    _toolbar2_class = NavigationToolbar2GTK4
+    _toolmanager_toolbar_class = ToolbarGTK4
+
+
+@_BackendGTK.export
+class _BackendGTK4(_BackendGTK):
+    FigureCanvas = FigureCanvasGTK4
+    FigureManager = FigureManagerGTK4

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_gtk4agg.py

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+import numpy as np
+
+from .. import cbook
+from . import backend_agg, backend_gtk4
+from .backend_gtk4 import GLib, Gtk, _BackendGTK4
+
+import cairo  # Presence of cairo is already checked by _backend_gtk.
+
+
+class FigureCanvasGTK4Agg(backend_agg.FigureCanvasAgg,
+                          backend_gtk4.FigureCanvasGTK4):
+
+    def on_draw_event(self, widget, ctx):
+        if self._idle_draw_id:
+            GLib.source_remove(self._idle_draw_id)
+            self._idle_draw_id = 0
+            self.draw()
+
+        scale = self.device_pixel_ratio
+        allocation = self.get_allocation()
+
+        Gtk.render_background(
+            self.get_style_context(), ctx,
+            allocation.x, allocation.y,
+            allocation.width, allocation.height)
+
+        buf = cbook._unmultiplied_rgba8888_to_premultiplied_argb32(
+            np.asarray(self.get_renderer().buffer_rgba()))
+        height, width, _ = buf.shape
+        image = cairo.ImageSurface.create_for_data(
+            buf.ravel().data, cairo.FORMAT_ARGB32, width, height)
+        image.set_device_scale(scale, scale)
+        ctx.set_source_surface(image, 0, 0)
+        ctx.paint()
+
+        return False
+
+
+@_BackendGTK4.export
+class _BackendGTK4Agg(_BackendGTK4):
+    FigureCanvas = FigureCanvasGTK4Agg

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_gtk4cairo.py

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+from contextlib import nullcontext
+
+from .backend_cairo import FigureCanvasCairo
+from .backend_gtk4 import GLib, Gtk, FigureCanvasGTK4, _BackendGTK4
+
+
+class FigureCanvasGTK4Cairo(FigureCanvasCairo, FigureCanvasGTK4):
+    def _set_device_pixel_ratio(self, ratio):
+        # Cairo in GTK4 always uses logical pixels, so we don't need to do anything for
+        # changes to the device pixel ratio.
+        return False
+
+    def on_draw_event(self, widget, ctx):
+        if self._idle_draw_id:
+            GLib.source_remove(self._idle_draw_id)
+            self._idle_draw_id = 0
+            self.draw()
+
+        with (self.toolbar._wait_cursor_for_draw_cm() if self.toolbar
+              else nullcontext()):
+            self._renderer.set_context(ctx)
+            allocation = self.get_allocation()
+            Gtk.render_background(
+                self.get_style_context(), ctx,
+                allocation.x, allocation.y,
+                allocation.width, allocation.height)
+            self.figure.draw(self._renderer)
+
+
+@_BackendGTK4.export
+class _BackendGTK4Cairo(_BackendGTK4):
+    FigureCanvas = FigureCanvasGTK4Cairo

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_macosx.py

@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+import os
+
+import matplotlib as mpl
+from matplotlib import _api, cbook
+from matplotlib._pylab_helpers import Gcf
+from . import _macosx
+from .backend_agg import FigureCanvasAgg
+from matplotlib.backend_bases import (
+    _Backend, FigureCanvasBase, FigureManagerBase, NavigationToolbar2,
+    ResizeEvent, TimerBase, _allow_interrupt)
+
+
+class TimerMac(_macosx.Timer, TimerBase):
+    """Subclass of `.TimerBase` using CFRunLoop timer events."""
+    # completely implemented at the C-level (in _macosx.Timer)
+
+
+def _allow_interrupt_macos():
+    """A context manager that allows terminating a plot by sending a SIGINT."""
+    return _allow_interrupt(
+        lambda rsock: _macosx.wake_on_fd_write(rsock.fileno()), _macosx.stop)
+
+
+class FigureCanvasMac(FigureCanvasAgg, _macosx.FigureCanvas, FigureCanvasBase):
+    # docstring inherited
+
+    # Ideally this class would be `class FCMacAgg(FCAgg, FCMac)`
+    # (FC=FigureCanvas) where FCMac would be an ObjC-implemented mac-specific
+    # class also inheriting from FCBase (this is the approach with other GUI
+    # toolkits).  However, writing an extension type inheriting from a Python
+    # base class is slightly tricky (the extension type must be a heap type),
+    # and we can just as well lift the FCBase base up one level, keeping it *at
+    # the end* to have the right method resolution order.
+
+    # Events such as button presses, mouse movements, and key presses are
+    # handled in C and events (MouseEvent, etc.) are triggered from there.
+
+    required_interactive_framework = "macosx"
+    _timer_cls = TimerMac
+    manager_class = _api.classproperty(lambda cls: FigureManagerMac)
+
+    def __init__(self, figure):
+        super().__init__(figure=figure)
+        self._draw_pending = False
+        self._is_drawing = False
+        # Keep track of the timers that are alive
+        self._timers = set()
+
+    def draw(self):
+        """Render the figure and update the macosx canvas."""
+        # The renderer draw is done here; delaying causes problems with code
+        # that uses the result of the draw() to update plot elements.
+        if self._is_drawing:
+            return
+        with cbook._setattr_cm(self, _is_drawing=True):
+            super().draw()
+        self.update()
+
+    def draw_idle(self):
+        # docstring inherited
+        if not (getattr(self, '_draw_pending', False) or
+                getattr(self, '_is_drawing', False)):
+            self._draw_pending = True
+            # Add a singleshot timer to the eventloop that will call back
+            # into the Python method _draw_idle to take care of the draw
+            self._single_shot_timer(self._draw_idle)
+
+    def _single_shot_timer(self, callback):
+        """Add a single shot timer with the given callback"""
+        def callback_func(callback, timer):
+            callback()
+            self._timers.remove(timer)
+        timer = self.new_timer(interval=0)
+        timer.single_shot = True
+        timer.add_callback(callback_func, callback, timer)
+        self._timers.add(timer)
+        timer.start()
+
+    def _draw_idle(self):
+        """
+        Draw method for singleshot timer
+
+        This draw method can be added to a singleshot timer, which can
+        accumulate draws while the eventloop is spinning. This method will
+        then only draw the first time and short-circuit the others.
+        """
+        with self._idle_draw_cntx():
+            if not self._draw_pending:
+                # Short-circuit because our draw request has already been
+                # taken care of
+                return
+            self._draw_pending = False
+            self.draw()
+
+    def blit(self, bbox=None):
+        # docstring inherited
+        super().blit(bbox)
+        self.update()
+
+    def resize(self, width, height):
+        # Size from macOS is logical pixels, dpi is physical.
+        scale = self.figure.dpi / self.device_pixel_ratio
+        width /= scale
+        height /= scale
+        self.figure.set_size_inches(width, height, forward=False)
+        ResizeEvent("resize_event", self)._process()
+        self.draw_idle()
+
+    def start_event_loop(self, timeout=0):
+        # docstring inherited
+        # Set up a SIGINT handler to allow terminating a plot via CTRL-C.
+        with _allow_interrupt_macos():
+            self._start_event_loop(timeout=timeout)  # Forward to ObjC implementation.
+
+
+class NavigationToolbar2Mac(_macosx.NavigationToolbar2, NavigationToolbar2):
+
+    def __init__(self, canvas):
+        data_path = cbook._get_data_path('images')
+        _, tooltips, image_names, _ = zip(*NavigationToolbar2.toolitems)
+        _macosx.NavigationToolbar2.__init__(
+            self, canvas,
+            tuple(str(data_path / image_name) + ".pdf"
+                  for image_name in image_names if image_name is not None),
+            tuple(tooltip for tooltip in tooltips if tooltip is not None))
+        NavigationToolbar2.__init__(self, canvas)
+
+    def draw_rubberband(self, event, x0, y0, x1, y1):
+        self.canvas.set_rubberband(int(x0), int(y0), int(x1), int(y1))
+
+    def remove_rubberband(self):
+        self.canvas.remove_rubberband()
+
+    def save_figure(self, *args):
+        directory = os.path.expanduser(mpl.rcParams['savefig.directory'])
+        filename = _macosx.choose_save_file('Save the figure',
+                                            directory,
+                                            self.canvas.get_default_filename())
+        if filename is None:  # Cancel
+            return
+        # Save dir for next time, unless empty str (which means use cwd).
+        if mpl.rcParams['savefig.directory']:
+            mpl.rcParams['savefig.directory'] = os.path.dirname(filename)
+        self.canvas.figure.savefig(filename)
+        return filename
+
+
+class FigureManagerMac(_macosx.FigureManager, FigureManagerBase):
+    _toolbar2_class = NavigationToolbar2Mac
+
+    def __init__(self, canvas, num):
+        self._shown = False
+        _macosx.FigureManager.__init__(self, canvas)
+        icon_path = str(cbook._get_data_path('images/matplotlib.pdf'))
+        _macosx.FigureManager.set_icon(icon_path)
+        FigureManagerBase.__init__(self, canvas, num)
+        self._set_window_mode(mpl.rcParams["macosx.window_mode"])
+        if self.toolbar is not None:
+            self.toolbar.update()
+        if mpl.is_interactive():
+            self.show()
+            self.canvas.draw_idle()
+
+    def _close_button_pressed(self):
+        Gcf.destroy(self)
+        self.canvas.flush_events()
+
+    def destroy(self):
+        # We need to clear any pending timers that never fired, otherwise
+        # we get a memory leak from the timer callbacks holding a reference
+        while self.canvas._timers:
+            timer = self.canvas._timers.pop()
+            timer.stop()
+        super().destroy()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def start_main_loop(cls):
+        # Set up a SIGINT handler to allow terminating a plot via CTRL-C.
+        with _allow_interrupt_macos():
+            _macosx.show()
+
+    def show(self):
+        if self.canvas.figure.stale:
+            self.canvas.draw_idle()
+        if not self._shown:
+            self._show()
+            self._shown = True
+        if mpl.rcParams["figure.raise_window"]:
+            self._raise()
+
+
+@_Backend.export
+class _BackendMac(_Backend):
+    FigureCanvas = FigureCanvasMac
+    FigureManager = FigureManagerMac
+    mainloop = FigureManagerMac.start_main_loop

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_mixed.py

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+import numpy as np
+
+from matplotlib import cbook
+from .backend_agg import RendererAgg
+from matplotlib._tight_bbox import process_figure_for_rasterizing
+
+
+class MixedModeRenderer:
+    """
+    A helper class to implement a renderer that switches between
+    vector and raster drawing.  An example may be a PDF writer, where
+    most things are drawn with PDF vector commands, but some very
+    complex objects, such as quad meshes, are rasterised and then
+    output as images.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, figure, width, height, dpi, vector_renderer,
+                 raster_renderer_class=None,
+                 bbox_inches_restore=None):
+        """
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        figure : `~matplotlib.figure.Figure`
+            The figure instance.
+        width : float
+            The width of the canvas in logical units
+        height : float
+            The height of the canvas in logical units
+        dpi : float
+            The dpi of the canvas
+        vector_renderer : `~matplotlib.backend_bases.RendererBase`
+            An instance of a subclass of
+            `~matplotlib.backend_bases.RendererBase` that will be used for the
+            vector drawing.
+        raster_renderer_class : `~matplotlib.backend_bases.RendererBase`
+            The renderer class to use for the raster drawing.  If not provided,
+            this will use the Agg backend (which is currently the only viable
+            option anyway.)
+
+        """
+        if raster_renderer_class is None:
+            raster_renderer_class = RendererAgg
+
+        self._raster_renderer_class = raster_renderer_class
+        self._width = width
+        self._height = height
+        self.dpi = dpi
+
+        self._vector_renderer = vector_renderer
+
+        self._raster_renderer = None
+
+        # A reference to the figure is needed as we need to change
+        # the figure dpi before and after the rasterization. Although
+        # this looks ugly, I couldn't find a better solution. -JJL
+        self.figure = figure
+        self._figdpi = figure.dpi
+
+        self._bbox_inches_restore = bbox_inches_restore
+
+        self._renderer = vector_renderer
+
+    def __getattr__(self, attr):
+        # Proxy everything that hasn't been overridden to the base
+        # renderer. Things that *are* overridden can call methods
+        # on self._renderer directly, but must not cache/store
+        # methods (because things like RendererAgg change their
+        # methods on the fly in order to optimise proxying down
+        # to the underlying C implementation).
+        return getattr(self._renderer, attr)
+
+    def start_rasterizing(self):
+        """
+        Enter "raster" mode.  All subsequent drawing commands (until
+        `stop_rasterizing` is called) will be drawn with the raster backend.
+        """
+        # change the dpi of the figure temporarily.
+        self.figure.dpi = self.dpi
+        if self._bbox_inches_restore:  # when tight bbox is used
+            r = process_figure_for_rasterizing(self.figure,
+                                               self._bbox_inches_restore)
+            self._bbox_inches_restore = r
+
+        self._raster_renderer = self._raster_renderer_class(
+            self._width*self.dpi, self._height*self.dpi, self.dpi)
+        self._renderer = self._raster_renderer
+
+    def stop_rasterizing(self):
+        """
+        Exit "raster" mode.  All of the drawing that was done since
+        the last `start_rasterizing` call will be copied to the
+        vector backend by calling draw_image.
+        """
+
+        self._renderer = self._vector_renderer
+
+        height = self._height * self.dpi
+        img = np.asarray(self._raster_renderer.buffer_rgba())
+        slice_y, slice_x = cbook._get_nonzero_slices(img[..., 3])
+        cropped_img = img[slice_y, slice_x]
+        if cropped_img.size:
+            gc = self._renderer.new_gc()
+            # TODO: If the mixedmode resolution differs from the figure's
+            #       dpi, the image must be scaled (dpi->_figdpi). Not all
+            #       backends support this.
+            self._renderer.draw_image(
+                gc,
+                slice_x.start * self._figdpi / self.dpi,
+                (height - slice_y.stop) * self._figdpi / self.dpi,
+                cropped_img[::-1])
+        self._raster_renderer = None
+
+        # restore the figure dpi.
+        self.figure.dpi = self._figdpi
+
+        if self._bbox_inches_restore:  # when tight bbox is used
+            r = process_figure_for_rasterizing(self.figure,
+                                               self._bbox_inches_restore,
+                                               self._figdpi)
+            self._bbox_inches_restore = r

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_nbagg.py

@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+"""Interactive figures in the IPython notebook."""
+# Note: There is a notebook in
+# lib/matplotlib/backends/web_backend/nbagg_uat.ipynb to help verify
+# that changes made maintain expected behaviour.
+
+from base64 import b64encode
+import io
+import json
+import pathlib
+import uuid
+
+from ipykernel.comm import Comm
+from IPython.display import display, Javascript, HTML
+
+from matplotlib import is_interactive
+from matplotlib._pylab_helpers import Gcf
+from matplotlib.backend_bases import _Backend, CloseEvent, NavigationToolbar2
+from .backend_webagg_core import (
+    FigureCanvasWebAggCore, FigureManagerWebAgg, NavigationToolbar2WebAgg)
+from .backend_webagg_core import (  # noqa: F401 # pylint: disable=W0611
+    TimerTornado, TimerAsyncio)
+
+
+def connection_info():
+    """
+    Return a string showing the figure and connection status for the backend.
+
+    This is intended as a diagnostic tool, and not for general use.
+    """
+    result = [
+        '{fig} - {socket}'.format(
+            fig=(manager.canvas.figure.get_label()
+                 or f"Figure {manager.num}"),
+            socket=manager.web_sockets)
+        for manager in Gcf.get_all_fig_managers()
+    ]
+    if not is_interactive():
+        result.append(f'Figures pending show: {len(Gcf.figs)}')
+    return '\n'.join(result)
+
+
+_FONT_AWESOME_CLASSES = {  # font-awesome 4 names
+    'home': 'fa fa-home',
+    'back': 'fa fa-arrow-left',
+    'forward': 'fa fa-arrow-right',
+    'zoom_to_rect': 'fa fa-square-o',
+    'move': 'fa fa-arrows',
+    'download': 'fa fa-floppy-o',
+    None: None
+}
+
+
+class NavigationIPy(NavigationToolbar2WebAgg):
+
+    # Use the standard toolbar items + download button
+    toolitems = [(text, tooltip_text,
+                  _FONT_AWESOME_CLASSES[image_file], name_of_method)
+                 for text, tooltip_text, image_file, name_of_method
+                 in (NavigationToolbar2.toolitems +
+                     (('Download', 'Download plot', 'download', 'download'),))
+                 if image_file in _FONT_AWESOME_CLASSES]
+
+
+class FigureManagerNbAgg(FigureManagerWebAgg):
+    _toolbar2_class = ToolbarCls = NavigationIPy
+
+    def __init__(self, canvas, num):
+        self._shown = False
+        super().__init__(canvas, num)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def create_with_canvas(cls, canvas_class, figure, num):
+        canvas = canvas_class(figure)
+        manager = cls(canvas, num)
+        if is_interactive():
+            manager.show()
+            canvas.draw_idle()
+
+        def destroy(event):
+            canvas.mpl_disconnect(cid)
+            Gcf.destroy(manager)
+
+        cid = canvas.mpl_connect('close_event', destroy)
+        return manager
+
+    def display_js(self):
+        # XXX How to do this just once? It has to deal with multiple
+        # browser instances using the same kernel (require.js - but the
+        # file isn't static?).
+        display(Javascript(FigureManagerNbAgg.get_javascript()))
+
+    def show(self):
+        if not self._shown:
+            self.display_js()
+            self._create_comm()
+        else:
+            self.canvas.draw_idle()
+        self._shown = True
+        # plt.figure adds an event which makes the figure in focus the active
+        # one. Disable this behaviour, as it results in figures being put as
+        # the active figure after they have been shown, even in non-interactive
+        # mode.
+        if hasattr(self, '_cidgcf'):
+            self.canvas.mpl_disconnect(self._cidgcf)
+        if not is_interactive():
+            from matplotlib._pylab_helpers import Gcf
+            Gcf.figs.pop(self.num, None)
+
+    def reshow(self):
+        """
+        A special method to re-show the figure in the notebook.
+
+        """
+        self._shown = False
+        self.show()
+
+    @property
+    def connected(self):
+        return bool(self.web_sockets)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_javascript(cls, stream=None):
+        if stream is None:
+            output = io.StringIO()
+        else:
+            output = stream
+        super().get_javascript(stream=output)
+        output.write((pathlib.Path(__file__).parent
+                      / "web_backend/js/nbagg_mpl.js")
+                     .read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
+        if stream is None:
+            return output.getvalue()
+
+    def _create_comm(self):
+        comm = CommSocket(self)
+        self.add_web_socket(comm)
+        return comm
+
+    def destroy(self):
+        self._send_event('close')
+        # need to copy comms as callbacks will modify this list
+        for comm in list(self.web_sockets):
+            comm.on_close()
+        self.clearup_closed()
+
+    def clearup_closed(self):
+        """Clear up any closed Comms."""
+        self.web_sockets = {socket for socket in self.web_sockets
+                            if socket.is_open()}
+
+        if len(self.web_sockets) == 0:
+            CloseEvent("close_event", self.canvas)._process()
+
+    def remove_comm(self, comm_id):
+        self.web_sockets = {socket for socket in self.web_sockets
+                            if socket.comm.comm_id != comm_id}
+
+
+class FigureCanvasNbAgg(FigureCanvasWebAggCore):
+    manager_class = FigureManagerNbAgg
+
+
+class CommSocket:
+    """
+    Manages the Comm connection between IPython and the browser (client).
+
+    Comms are 2 way, with the CommSocket being able to publish a message
+    via the send_json method, and handle a message with on_message. On the
+    JS side figure.send_message and figure.ws.onmessage do the sending and
+    receiving respectively.
+
+    """
+    def __init__(self, manager):
+        self.supports_binary = None
+        self.manager = manager
+        self.uuid = str(uuid.uuid4())
+        # Publish an output area with a unique ID. The javascript can then
+        # hook into this area.
+        display(HTML("<div id=%r></div>" % self.uuid))
+        try:
+            self.comm = Comm('matplotlib', data={'id': self.uuid})
+        except AttributeError as err:
+            raise RuntimeError('Unable to create an IPython notebook Comm '
+                               'instance. Are you in the IPython '
+                               'notebook?') from err
+        self.comm.on_msg(self.on_message)
+
+        manager = self.manager
+        self._ext_close = False
+
+        def _on_close(close_message):
+            self._ext_close = True
+            manager.remove_comm(close_message['content']['comm_id'])
+            manager.clearup_closed()
+
+        self.comm.on_close(_on_close)
+
+    def is_open(self):
+        return not (self._ext_close or self.comm._closed)
+
+    def on_close(self):
+        # When the socket is closed, deregister the websocket with
+        # the FigureManager.
+        if self.is_open():
+            try:
+                self.comm.close()
+            except KeyError:
+                # apparently already cleaned it up?
+                pass
+
+    def send_json(self, content):
+        self.comm.send({'data': json.dumps(content)})
+
+    def send_binary(self, blob):
+        if self.supports_binary:
+            self.comm.send({'blob': 'image/png'}, buffers=[blob])
+        else:
+            # The comm is ASCII, so we send the image in base64 encoded data
+            # URL form.
+            data = b64encode(blob).decode('ascii')
+            data_uri = f"data:image/png;base64,{data}"
+            self.comm.send({'data': data_uri})
+
+    def on_message(self, message):
+        # The 'supports_binary' message is relevant to the
+        # websocket itself.  The other messages get passed along
+        # to matplotlib as-is.
+
+        # Every message has a "type" and a "figure_id".
+        message = json.loads(message['content']['data'])
+        if message['type'] == 'closing':
+            self.on_close()
+            self.manager.clearup_closed()
+        elif message['type'] == 'supports_binary':
+            self.supports_binary = message['value']
+        else:
+            self.manager.handle_json(message)
+
+
+@_Backend.export
+class _BackendNbAgg(_Backend):
+    FigureCanvas = FigureCanvasNbAgg
+    FigureManager = FigureManagerNbAgg

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_qt5.py

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+from .. import backends
+
+backends._QT_FORCE_QT5_BINDING = True
+
+
+from .backend_qt import (  # noqa
+    SPECIAL_KEYS,
+    # Public API
+    cursord, _create_qApp, _BackendQT, TimerQT, MainWindow, FigureCanvasQT,
+    FigureManagerQT, ToolbarQt, NavigationToolbar2QT, SubplotToolQt,
+    SaveFigureQt, ConfigureSubplotsQt, RubberbandQt,
+    HelpQt, ToolCopyToClipboardQT,
+    # internal re-exports
+    FigureCanvasBase,  FigureManagerBase, MouseButton, NavigationToolbar2,
+    TimerBase, ToolContainerBase, figureoptions, Gcf
+)
+from . import backend_qt as _backend_qt  # noqa
+
+
+@_BackendQT.export
+class _BackendQT5(_BackendQT):
+    pass
+
+
+def __getattr__(name):
+    if name == 'qApp':
+        return _backend_qt.qApp
+    raise AttributeError(f"module {__name__!r} has no attribute {name!r}")

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_qt5agg.py

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+"""
+Render to qt from agg
+"""
+from .. import backends
+
+backends._QT_FORCE_QT5_BINDING = True
+from .backend_qtagg import (    # noqa: F401, E402 # pylint: disable=W0611
+    _BackendQTAgg, FigureCanvasQTAgg, FigureManagerQT, NavigationToolbar2QT,
+    FigureCanvasAgg, FigureCanvasQT)
+
+
+@_BackendQTAgg.export
+class _BackendQT5Agg(_BackendQTAgg):
+    pass

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_qt5cairo.py

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+from .. import backends
+
+backends._QT_FORCE_QT5_BINDING = True
+from .backend_qtcairo import (  # noqa: F401, E402 # pylint: disable=W0611
+    _BackendQTCairo, FigureCanvasQTCairo, FigureCanvasCairo, FigureCanvasQT
+)
+
+
+@_BackendQTCairo.export
+class _BackendQT5Cairo(_BackendQTCairo):
+    pass

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_qtagg.py

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+"""
+Render to qt from agg.
+"""
+
+import ctypes
+
+from matplotlib.transforms import Bbox
+
+from .qt_compat import QT_API, QtCore, QtGui
+from .backend_agg import FigureCanvasAgg
+from .backend_qt import _BackendQT, FigureCanvasQT
+from .backend_qt import (  # noqa: F401 # pylint: disable=W0611
+    FigureManagerQT, NavigationToolbar2QT)
+
+
+class FigureCanvasQTAgg(FigureCanvasAgg, FigureCanvasQT):
+
+    def paintEvent(self, event):
+        """
+        Copy the image from the Agg canvas to the qt.drawable.
+
+        In Qt, all drawing should be done inside of here when a widget is
+        shown onscreen.
+        """
+        self._draw_idle()  # Only does something if a draw is pending.
+
+        # If the canvas does not have a renderer, then give up and wait for
+        # FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) to be called.
+        if not hasattr(self, 'renderer'):
+            return
+
+        painter = QtGui.QPainter(self)
+        try:
+            # See documentation of QRect: bottom() and right() are off
+            # by 1, so use left() + width() and top() + height().
+            rect = event.rect()
+            # scale rect dimensions using the screen dpi ratio to get
+            # correct values for the Figure coordinates (rather than
+            # QT5's coords)
+            width = rect.width() * self.device_pixel_ratio
+            height = rect.height() * self.device_pixel_ratio
+            left, top = self.mouseEventCoords(rect.topLeft())
+            # shift the "top" by the height of the image to get the
+            # correct corner for our coordinate system
+            bottom = top - height
+            # same with the right side of the image
+            right = left + width
+            # create a buffer using the image bounding box
+            bbox = Bbox([[left, bottom], [right, top]])
+            buf = memoryview(self.copy_from_bbox(bbox))
+
+            if QT_API == "PyQt6":
+                from PyQt6 import sip
+                ptr = int(sip.voidptr(buf))
+            else:
+                ptr = buf
+
+            painter.eraseRect(rect)  # clear the widget canvas
+            qimage = QtGui.QImage(ptr, buf.shape[1], buf.shape[0],
+                                  QtGui.QImage.Format.Format_RGBA8888)
+            qimage.setDevicePixelRatio(self.device_pixel_ratio)
+            # set origin using original QT coordinates
+            origin = QtCore.QPoint(rect.left(), rect.top())
+            painter.drawImage(origin, qimage)
+            # Adjust the buf reference count to work around a memory
+            # leak bug in QImage under PySide.
+            if QT_API == "PySide2" and QtCore.__version_info__ < (5, 12):
+                ctypes.c_long.from_address(id(buf)).value = 1
+
+            self._draw_rect_callback(painter)
+        finally:
+            painter.end()
+
+    def print_figure(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        super().print_figure(*args, **kwargs)
+        # In some cases, Qt will itself trigger a paint event after closing the file
+        # save dialog. When that happens, we need to be sure that the internal canvas is
+        # re-drawn. However, if the user is using an automatically-chosen Qt backend but
+        # saving with a different backend (such as pgf), we do not want to trigger a
+        # full draw in Qt, so just set the flag for next time.
+        self._draw_pending = True
+
+
+@_BackendQT.export
+class _BackendQTAgg(_BackendQT):
+    FigureCanvas = FigureCanvasQTAgg

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_qtcairo.py

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+import ctypes
+
+from .backend_cairo import cairo, FigureCanvasCairo
+from .backend_qt import _BackendQT, FigureCanvasQT
+from .qt_compat import QT_API, QtCore, QtGui
+
+
+class FigureCanvasQTCairo(FigureCanvasCairo, FigureCanvasQT):
+    def draw(self):
+        if hasattr(self._renderer.gc, "ctx"):
+            self._renderer.dpi = self.figure.dpi
+            self.figure.draw(self._renderer)
+        super().draw()
+
+    def paintEvent(self, event):
+        width = int(self.device_pixel_ratio * self.width())
+        height = int(self.device_pixel_ratio * self.height())
+        if (width, height) != self._renderer.get_canvas_width_height():
+            surface = cairo.ImageSurface(cairo.FORMAT_ARGB32, width, height)
+            self._renderer.set_context(cairo.Context(surface))
+            self._renderer.dpi = self.figure.dpi
+            self.figure.draw(self._renderer)
+        buf = self._renderer.gc.ctx.get_target().get_data()
+        if QT_API == "PyQt6":
+            from PyQt6 import sip
+            ptr = int(sip.voidptr(buf))
+        else:
+            ptr = buf
+        qimage = QtGui.QImage(
+            ptr, width, height,
+            QtGui.QImage.Format.Format_ARGB32_Premultiplied)
+        # Adjust the buf reference count to work around a memory leak bug in
+        # QImage under PySide.
+        if QT_API == "PySide2" and QtCore.__version_info__ < (5, 12):
+            ctypes.c_long.from_address(id(buf)).value = 1
+        qimage.setDevicePixelRatio(self.device_pixel_ratio)
+        painter = QtGui.QPainter(self)
+        painter.eraseRect(event.rect())
+        painter.drawImage(0, 0, qimage)
+        self._draw_rect_callback(painter)
+        painter.end()
+
+
+@_BackendQT.export
+class _BackendQTCairo(_BackendQT):
+    FigureCanvas = FigureCanvasQTCairo

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_template.py

@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+"""
+A fully functional, do-nothing backend intended as a template for backend
+writers.  It is fully functional in that you can select it as a backend e.g.
+with ::
+
+    import matplotlib
+    matplotlib.use("template")
+
+and your program will (should!) run without error, though no output is
+produced.  This provides a starting point for backend writers; you can
+selectively implement drawing methods (`~.RendererTemplate.draw_path`,
+`~.RendererTemplate.draw_image`, etc.) and slowly see your figure come to life
+instead having to have a full-blown implementation before getting any results.
+
+Copy this file to a directory outside the Matplotlib source tree, somewhere
+where Python can import it (by adding the directory to your ``sys.path`` or by
+packaging it as a normal Python package); if the backend is importable as
+``import my.backend`` you can then select it using ::
+
+    import matplotlib
+    matplotlib.use("module://my.backend")
+
+If your backend implements support for saving figures (i.e. has a ``print_xyz`` method),
+you can register it as the default handler for a given file type::
+
+    from matplotlib.backend_bases import register_backend
+    register_backend('xyz', 'my_backend', 'XYZ File Format')
+    ...
+    plt.savefig("figure.xyz")
+"""
+
+from matplotlib import _api
+from matplotlib._pylab_helpers import Gcf
+from matplotlib.backend_bases import (
+     FigureCanvasBase, FigureManagerBase, GraphicsContextBase, RendererBase)
+from matplotlib.figure import Figure
+
+
+class RendererTemplate(RendererBase):
+    """
+    The renderer handles drawing/rendering operations.
+
+    This is a minimal do-nothing class that can be used to get started when
+    writing a new backend.  Refer to `.backend_bases.RendererBase` for
+    documentation of the methods.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, dpi):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.dpi = dpi
+
+    def draw_path(self, gc, path, transform, rgbFace=None):
+        pass
+
+    # draw_markers is optional, and we get more correct relative
+    # timings by leaving it out.  backend implementers concerned with
+    # performance will probably want to implement it
+#     def draw_markers(self, gc, marker_path, marker_trans, path, trans,
+#                      rgbFace=None):
+#         pass
+
+    # draw_path_collection is optional, and we get more correct
+    # relative timings by leaving it out. backend implementers concerned with
+    # performance will probably want to implement it
+#     def draw_path_collection(self, gc, master_transform, paths,
+#                              all_transforms, offsets, offset_trans,
+#                              facecolors, edgecolors, linewidths, linestyles,
+#                              antialiaseds):
+#         pass
+
+    # draw_quad_mesh is optional, and we get more correct
+    # relative timings by leaving it out.  backend implementers concerned with
+    # performance will probably want to implement it
+#     def draw_quad_mesh(self, gc, master_transform, meshWidth, meshHeight,
+#                        coordinates, offsets, offsetTrans, facecolors,
+#                        antialiased, edgecolors):
+#         pass
+
+    def draw_image(self, gc, x, y, im):
+        pass
+
+    def draw_text(self, gc, x, y, s, prop, angle, ismath=False, mtext=None):
+        pass
+
+    def flipy(self):
+        # docstring inherited
+        return True
+
+    def get_canvas_width_height(self):
+        # docstring inherited
+        return 100, 100
+
+    def get_text_width_height_descent(self, s, prop, ismath):
+        return 1, 1, 1
+
+    def new_gc(self):
+        # docstring inherited
+        return GraphicsContextTemplate()
+
+    def points_to_pixels(self, points):
+        # if backend doesn't have dpi, e.g., postscript or svg
+        return points
+        # elif backend assumes a value for pixels_per_inch
+        # return points/72.0 * self.dpi.get() * pixels_per_inch/72.0
+        # else
+        # return points/72.0 * self.dpi.get()
+
+
+class GraphicsContextTemplate(GraphicsContextBase):
+    """
+    The graphics context provides the color, line styles, etc.  See the cairo
+    and postscript backends for examples of mapping the graphics context
+    attributes (cap styles, join styles, line widths, colors) to a particular
+    backend.  In cairo this is done by wrapping a cairo.Context object and
+    forwarding the appropriate calls to it using a dictionary mapping styles
+    to gdk constants.  In Postscript, all the work is done by the renderer,
+    mapping line styles to postscript calls.
+
+    If it's more appropriate to do the mapping at the renderer level (as in
+    the postscript backend), you don't need to override any of the GC methods.
+    If it's more appropriate to wrap an instance (as in the cairo backend) and
+    do the mapping here, you'll need to override several of the setter
+    methods.
+
+    The base GraphicsContext stores colors as an RGB tuple on the unit
+    interval, e.g., (0.5, 0.0, 1.0). You may need to map this to colors
+    appropriate for your backend.
+    """
+
+
+########################################################################
+#
+# The following functions and classes are for pyplot and implement
+# window/figure managers, etc.
+#
+########################################################################
+
+
+class FigureManagerTemplate(FigureManagerBase):
+    """
+    Helper class for pyplot mode, wraps everything up into a neat bundle.
+
+    For non-interactive backends, the base class is sufficient.  For
+    interactive backends, see the documentation of the `.FigureManagerBase`
+    class for the list of methods that can/should be overridden.
+    """
+
+
+class FigureCanvasTemplate(FigureCanvasBase):
+    """
+    The canvas the figure renders into.  Calls the draw and print fig
+    methods, creates the renderers, etc.
+
+    Note: GUI templates will want to connect events for button presses,
+    mouse movements and key presses to functions that call the base
+    class methods button_press_event, button_release_event,
+    motion_notify_event, key_press_event, and key_release_event.  See the
+    implementations of the interactive backends for examples.
+
+    Attributes
+    ----------
+    figure : `~matplotlib.figure.Figure`
+        A high-level Figure instance
+    """
+
+    # The instantiated manager class.  For further customization,
+    # ``FigureManager.create_with_canvas`` can also be overridden; see the
+    # wx-based backends for an example.
+    manager_class = FigureManagerTemplate
+
+    def draw(self):
+        """
+        Draw the figure using the renderer.
+
+        It is important that this method actually walk the artist tree
+        even if not output is produced because this will trigger
+        deferred work (like computing limits auto-limits and tick
+        values) that users may want access to before saving to disk.
+        """
+        renderer = RendererTemplate(self.figure.dpi)
+        self.figure.draw(renderer)
+
+    # You should provide a print_xxx function for every file format
+    # you can write.
+
+    # If the file type is not in the base set of filetypes,
+    # you should add it to the class-scope filetypes dictionary as follows:
+    filetypes = {**FigureCanvasBase.filetypes, 'foo': 'My magic Foo format'}
+
+    def print_foo(self, filename, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Write out format foo.
+
+        This method is normally called via `.Figure.savefig` and
+        `.FigureCanvasBase.print_figure`, which take care of setting the figure
+        facecolor, edgecolor, and dpi to the desired output values, and will
+        restore them to the original values.  Therefore, `print_foo` does not
+        need to handle these settings.
+        """
+        self.draw()
+
+    def get_default_filetype(self):
+        return 'foo'
+
+
+########################################################################
+#
+# Now just provide the standard names that backend.__init__ is expecting
+#
+########################################################################
+
+FigureCanvas = FigureCanvasTemplate
+FigureManager = FigureManagerTemplate

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_tkagg.py

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+from . import _backend_tk
+from .backend_agg import FigureCanvasAgg
+from ._backend_tk import _BackendTk, FigureCanvasTk
+from ._backend_tk import (  # noqa: F401 # pylint: disable=W0611
+    FigureManagerTk, NavigationToolbar2Tk)
+
+
+class FigureCanvasTkAgg(FigureCanvasAgg, FigureCanvasTk):
+    def draw(self):
+        super().draw()
+        self.blit()
+
+    def blit(self, bbox=None):
+        _backend_tk.blit(self._tkphoto, self.renderer.buffer_rgba(),
+                         (0, 1, 2, 3), bbox=bbox)
+
+
+@_BackendTk.export
+class _BackendTkAgg(_BackendTk):
+    FigureCanvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_tkcairo.py

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+import sys
+
+import numpy as np
+
+from . import _backend_tk
+from .backend_cairo import cairo, FigureCanvasCairo
+from ._backend_tk import _BackendTk, FigureCanvasTk
+
+
+class FigureCanvasTkCairo(FigureCanvasCairo, FigureCanvasTk):
+    def draw(self):
+        width = int(self.figure.bbox.width)
+        height = int(self.figure.bbox.height)
+        surface = cairo.ImageSurface(cairo.FORMAT_ARGB32, width, height)
+        self._renderer.set_context(cairo.Context(surface))
+        self._renderer.dpi = self.figure.dpi
+        self.figure.draw(self._renderer)
+        buf = np.reshape(surface.get_data(), (height, width, 4))
+        _backend_tk.blit(
+            self._tkphoto, buf,
+            (2, 1, 0, 3) if sys.byteorder == "little" else (1, 2, 3, 0))
+
+
+@_BackendTk.export
+class _BackendTkCairo(_BackendTk):
+    FigureCanvas = FigureCanvasTkCairo

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_webagg.py

@@ -0,0 +1,328 @@
+"""Displays Agg images in the browser, with interactivity."""
+
+# The WebAgg backend is divided into two modules:
+#
+# - `backend_webagg_core.py` contains code necessary to embed a WebAgg
+#   plot inside of a web application, and communicate in an abstract
+#   way over a web socket.
+#
+# - `backend_webagg.py` contains a concrete implementation of a basic
+#   application, implemented with tornado.
+
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+import errno
+from io import BytesIO
+import json
+import mimetypes
+from pathlib import Path
+import random
+import sys
+import signal
+import threading
+
+try:
+    import tornado
+except ImportError as err:
+    raise RuntimeError("The WebAgg backend requires Tornado.") from err
+
+import tornado.web
+import tornado.ioloop
+import tornado.websocket
+
+import matplotlib as mpl
+from matplotlib.backend_bases import _Backend
+from matplotlib._pylab_helpers import Gcf
+from . import backend_webagg_core as core
+from .backend_webagg_core import (  # noqa: F401 # pylint: disable=W0611
+    TimerAsyncio, TimerTornado)
+
+
+webagg_server_thread = threading.Thread(
+    target=lambda: tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start())
+
+
+class FigureManagerWebAgg(core.FigureManagerWebAgg):
+    _toolbar2_class = core.NavigationToolbar2WebAgg
+
+    @classmethod
+    def pyplot_show(cls, *, block=None):
+        WebAggApplication.initialize()
+
+        url = "http://{address}:{port}{prefix}".format(
+            address=WebAggApplication.address,
+            port=WebAggApplication.port,
+            prefix=WebAggApplication.url_prefix)
+
+        if mpl.rcParams['webagg.open_in_browser']:
+            import webbrowser
+            if not webbrowser.open(url):
+                print(f"To view figure, visit {url}")
+        else:
+            print(f"To view figure, visit {url}")
+
+        WebAggApplication.start()
+
+
+class FigureCanvasWebAgg(core.FigureCanvasWebAggCore):
+    manager_class = FigureManagerWebAgg
+
+
+class WebAggApplication(tornado.web.Application):
+    initialized = False
+    started = False
+
+    class FavIcon(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
+        def get(self):
+            self.set_header('Content-Type', 'image/png')
+            self.write(Path(mpl.get_data_path(),
+                            'images/matplotlib.png').read_bytes())
+
+    class SingleFigurePage(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
+        def __init__(self, application, request, *, url_prefix='', **kwargs):
+            self.url_prefix = url_prefix
+            super().__init__(application, request, **kwargs)
+
+        def get(self, fignum):
+            fignum = int(fignum)
+            manager = Gcf.get_fig_manager(fignum)
+
+            ws_uri = f'ws://{self.request.host}{self.url_prefix}/'
+            self.render(
+                "single_figure.html",
+                prefix=self.url_prefix,
+                ws_uri=ws_uri,
+                fig_id=fignum,
+                toolitems=core.NavigationToolbar2WebAgg.toolitems,
+                canvas=manager.canvas)
+
+    class AllFiguresPage(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
+        def __init__(self, application, request, *, url_prefix='', **kwargs):
+            self.url_prefix = url_prefix
+            super().__init__(application, request, **kwargs)
+
+        def get(self):
+            ws_uri = f'ws://{self.request.host}{self.url_prefix}/'
+            self.render(
+                "all_figures.html",
+                prefix=self.url_prefix,
+                ws_uri=ws_uri,
+                figures=sorted(Gcf.figs.items()),
+                toolitems=core.NavigationToolbar2WebAgg.toolitems)
+
+    class MplJs(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
+        def get(self):
+            self.set_header('Content-Type', 'application/javascript')
+
+            js_content = core.FigureManagerWebAgg.get_javascript()
+
+            self.write(js_content)
+
+    class Download(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
+        def get(self, fignum, fmt):
+            fignum = int(fignum)
+            manager = Gcf.get_fig_manager(fignum)
+            self.set_header(
+                'Content-Type', mimetypes.types_map.get(fmt, 'binary'))
+            buff = BytesIO()
+            manager.canvas.figure.savefig(buff, format=fmt)
+            self.write(buff.getvalue())
+
+    class WebSocket(tornado.websocket.WebSocketHandler):
+        supports_binary = True
+
+        def open(self, fignum):
+            self.fignum = int(fignum)
+            self.manager = Gcf.get_fig_manager(self.fignum)
+            self.manager.add_web_socket(self)
+            if hasattr(self, 'set_nodelay'):
+                self.set_nodelay(True)
+
+        def on_close(self):
+            self.manager.remove_web_socket(self)
+
+        def on_message(self, message):
+            message = json.loads(message)
+            # The 'supports_binary' message is on a client-by-client
+            # basis.  The others affect the (shared) canvas as a
+            # whole.
+            if message['type'] == 'supports_binary':
+                self.supports_binary = message['value']
+            else:
+                manager = Gcf.get_fig_manager(self.fignum)
+                # It is possible for a figure to be closed,
+                # but a stale figure UI is still sending messages
+                # from the browser.
+                if manager is not None:
+                    manager.handle_json(message)
+
+        def send_json(self, content):
+            self.write_message(json.dumps(content))
+
+        def send_binary(self, blob):
+            if self.supports_binary:
+                self.write_message(blob, binary=True)
+            else:
+                data_uri = "data:image/png;base64,{}".format(
+                    blob.encode('base64').replace('\n', ''))
+                self.write_message(data_uri)
+
+    def __init__(self, url_prefix=''):
+        if url_prefix:
+            assert url_prefix[0] == '/' and url_prefix[-1] != '/', \
+                'url_prefix must start with a "/" and not end with one.'
+
+        super().__init__(
+            [
+                # Static files for the CSS and JS
+                (url_prefix + r'/_static/(.*)',
+                 tornado.web.StaticFileHandler,
+                 {'path': core.FigureManagerWebAgg.get_static_file_path()}),
+
+                # Static images for the toolbar
+                (url_prefix + r'/_images/(.*)',
+                 tornado.web.StaticFileHandler,
+                 {'path': Path(mpl.get_data_path(), 'images')}),
+
+                # A Matplotlib favicon
+                (url_prefix + r'/favicon.ico', self.FavIcon),
+
+                # The page that contains all of the pieces
+                (url_prefix + r'/([0-9]+)', self.SingleFigurePage,
+                 {'url_prefix': url_prefix}),
+
+                # The page that contains all of the figures
+                (url_prefix + r'/?', self.AllFiguresPage,
+                 {'url_prefix': url_prefix}),
+
+                (url_prefix + r'/js/mpl.js', self.MplJs),
+
+                # Sends images and events to the browser, and receives
+                # events from the browser
+                (url_prefix + r'/([0-9]+)/ws', self.WebSocket),
+
+                # Handles the downloading (i.e., saving) of static images
+                (url_prefix + r'/([0-9]+)/download.([a-z0-9.]+)',
+                 self.Download),
+            ],
+            template_path=core.FigureManagerWebAgg.get_static_file_path())
+
+    @classmethod
+    def initialize(cls, url_prefix='', port=None, address=None):
+        if cls.initialized:
+            return
+
+        # Create the class instance
+        app = cls(url_prefix=url_prefix)
+
+        cls.url_prefix = url_prefix
+
+        # This port selection algorithm is borrowed, more or less
+        # verbatim, from IPython.
+        def random_ports(port, n):
+            """
+            Generate a list of n random ports near the given port.
+
+            The first 5 ports will be sequential, and the remaining n-5 will be
+            randomly selected in the range [port-2*n, port+2*n].
+            """
+            for i in range(min(5, n)):
+                yield port + i
+            for i in range(n - 5):
+                yield port + random.randint(-2 * n, 2 * n)
+
+        if address is None:
+            cls.address = mpl.rcParams['webagg.address']
+        else:
+            cls.address = address
+        cls.port = mpl.rcParams['webagg.port']
+        for port in random_ports(cls.port,
+                                 mpl.rcParams['webagg.port_retries']):
+            try:
+                app.listen(port, cls.address)
+            except OSError as e:
+                if e.errno != errno.EADDRINUSE:
+                    raise
+            else:
+                cls.port = port
+                break
+        else:
+            raise SystemExit(
+                "The webagg server could not be started because an available "
+                "port could not be found")
+
+        cls.initialized = True
+
+    @classmethod
+    def start(cls):
+        import asyncio
+        try:
+            asyncio.get_running_loop()
+        except RuntimeError:
+            pass
+        else:
+            cls.started = True
+
+        if cls.started:
+            return
+
+        """
+        IOLoop.running() was removed as of Tornado 2.4; see for example
+        https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/python-tornado/QLMzkpQBGOY
+        Thus there is no correct way to check if the loop has already been
+        launched. We may end up with two concurrently running loops in that
+        unlucky case with all the expected consequences.
+        """
+        ioloop = tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance()
+
+        def shutdown():
+            ioloop.stop()
+            print("Server is stopped")
+            sys.stdout.flush()
+            cls.started = False
+
+        @contextmanager
+        def catch_sigint():
+            old_handler = signal.signal(
+                signal.SIGINT,
+                lambda sig, frame: ioloop.add_callback_from_signal(shutdown))
+            try:
+                yield
+            finally:
+                signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, old_handler)
+
+        # Set the flag to True *before* blocking on ioloop.start()
+        cls.started = True
+
+        print("Press Ctrl+C to stop WebAgg server")
+        sys.stdout.flush()
+        with catch_sigint():
+            ioloop.start()
+
+
+def ipython_inline_display(figure):
+    import tornado.template
+
+    WebAggApplication.initialize()
+    import asyncio
+    try:
+        asyncio.get_running_loop()
+    except RuntimeError:
+        if not webagg_server_thread.is_alive():
+            webagg_server_thread.start()
+
+    fignum = figure.number
+    tpl = Path(core.FigureManagerWebAgg.get_static_file_path(),
+               "ipython_inline_figure.html").read_text()
+    t = tornado.template.Template(tpl)
+    return t.generate(
+        prefix=WebAggApplication.url_prefix,
+        fig_id=fignum,
+        toolitems=core.NavigationToolbar2WebAgg.toolitems,
+        canvas=figure.canvas,
+        port=WebAggApplication.port).decode('utf-8')
+
+
+@_Backend.export
+class _BackendWebAgg(_Backend):
+    FigureCanvas = FigureCanvasWebAgg
+    FigureManager = FigureManagerWebAgg

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_webagg_core.py

@@ -0,0 +1,527 @@
+"""Displays Agg images in the browser, with interactivity."""
+# The WebAgg backend is divided into two modules:
+#
+# - `backend_webagg_core.py` contains code necessary to embed a WebAgg
+#   plot inside of a web application, and communicate in an abstract
+#   way over a web socket.
+#
+# - `backend_webagg.py` contains a concrete implementation of a basic
+#   application, implemented with asyncio.
+
+import asyncio
+import datetime
+from io import BytesIO, StringIO
+import json
+import logging
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import numpy as np
+from PIL import Image
+
+from matplotlib import _api, backend_bases, backend_tools
+from matplotlib.backends import backend_agg
+from matplotlib.backend_bases import (
+    _Backend, MouseButton, KeyEvent, LocationEvent, MouseEvent, ResizeEvent)
+
+_log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+_SPECIAL_KEYS_LUT = {'Alt': 'alt',
+                     'AltGraph': 'alt',
+                     'CapsLock': 'caps_lock',
+                     'Control': 'control',
+                     'Meta': 'meta',
+                     'NumLock': 'num_lock',
+                     'ScrollLock': 'scroll_lock',
+                     'Shift': 'shift',
+                     'Super': 'super',
+                     'Enter': 'enter',
+                     'Tab': 'tab',
+                     'ArrowDown': 'down',
+                     'ArrowLeft': 'left',
+                     'ArrowRight': 'right',
+                     'ArrowUp': 'up',
+                     'End': 'end',
+                     'Home': 'home',
+                     'PageDown': 'pagedown',
+                     'PageUp': 'pageup',
+                     'Backspace': 'backspace',
+                     'Delete': 'delete',
+                     'Insert': 'insert',
+                     'Escape': 'escape',
+                     'Pause': 'pause',
+                     'Select': 'select',
+                     'Dead': 'dead',
+                     'F1': 'f1',
+                     'F2': 'f2',
+                     'F3': 'f3',
+                     'F4': 'f4',
+                     'F5': 'f5',
+                     'F6': 'f6',
+                     'F7': 'f7',
+                     'F8': 'f8',
+                     'F9': 'f9',
+                     'F10': 'f10',
+                     'F11': 'f11',
+                     'F12': 'f12'}
+
+
+def _handle_key(key):
+    """Handle key values"""
+    value = key[key.index('k') + 1:]
+    if 'shift+' in key:
+        if len(value) == 1:
+            key = key.replace('shift+', '')
+    if value in _SPECIAL_KEYS_LUT:
+        value = _SPECIAL_KEYS_LUT[value]
+    key = key[:key.index('k')] + value
+    return key
+
+
+class TimerTornado(backend_bases.TimerBase):
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self._timer = None
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def _timer_start(self):
+        import tornado
+
+        self._timer_stop()
+        if self._single:
+            ioloop = tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance()
+            self._timer = ioloop.add_timeout(
+                datetime.timedelta(milliseconds=self.interval),
+                self._on_timer)
+        else:
+            self._timer = tornado.ioloop.PeriodicCallback(
+                self._on_timer,
+                max(self.interval, 1e-6))
+            self._timer.start()
+
+    def _timer_stop(self):
+        import tornado
+
+        if self._timer is None:
+            return
+        elif self._single:
+            ioloop = tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance()
+            ioloop.remove_timeout(self._timer)
+        else:
+            self._timer.stop()
+        self._timer = None
+
+    def _timer_set_interval(self):
+        # Only stop and restart it if the timer has already been started
+        if self._timer is not None:
+            self._timer_stop()
+            self._timer_start()
+
+
+class TimerAsyncio(backend_bases.TimerBase):
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self._task = None
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    async def _timer_task(self, interval):
+        while True:
+            try:
+                await asyncio.sleep(interval)
+                self._on_timer()
+
+                if self._single:
+                    break
+            except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                break
+
+    def _timer_start(self):
+        self._timer_stop()
+
+        self._task = asyncio.ensure_future(
+            self._timer_task(max(self.interval / 1_000., 1e-6))
+        )
+
+    def _timer_stop(self):
+        if self._task is not None:
+            self._task.cancel()
+        self._task = None
+
+    def _timer_set_interval(self):
+        # Only stop and restart it if the timer has already been started
+        if self._task is not None:
+            self._timer_stop()
+            self._timer_start()
+
+
+class FigureCanvasWebAggCore(backend_agg.FigureCanvasAgg):
+    manager_class = _api.classproperty(lambda cls: FigureManagerWebAgg)
+    _timer_cls = TimerAsyncio
+    # Webagg and friends having the right methods, but still
+    # having bugs in practice.  Do not advertise that it works until
+    # we can debug this.
+    supports_blit = False
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        # Set to True when the renderer contains data that is newer
+        # than the PNG buffer.
+        self._png_is_old = True
+        # Set to True by the `refresh` message so that the next frame
+        # sent to the clients will be a full frame.
+        self._force_full = True
+        # The last buffer, for diff mode.
+        self._last_buff = np.empty((0, 0))
+        # Store the current image mode so that at any point, clients can
+        # request the information. This should be changed by calling
+        # self.set_image_mode(mode) so that the notification can be given
+        # to the connected clients.
+        self._current_image_mode = 'full'
+        # Track mouse events to fill in the x, y position of key events.
+        self._last_mouse_xy = (None, None)
+
+    def show(self):
+        # show the figure window
+        from matplotlib.pyplot import show
+        show()
+
+    def draw(self):
+        self._png_is_old = True
+        try:
+            super().draw()
+        finally:
+            self.manager.refresh_all()  # Swap the frames.
+
+    def blit(self, bbox=None):
+        self._png_is_old = True
+        self.manager.refresh_all()
+
+    def draw_idle(self):
+        self.send_event("draw")
+
+    def set_cursor(self, cursor):
+        # docstring inherited
+        cursor = _api.check_getitem({
+            backend_tools.Cursors.HAND: 'pointer',
+            backend_tools.Cursors.POINTER: 'default',
+            backend_tools.Cursors.SELECT_REGION: 'crosshair',
+            backend_tools.Cursors.MOVE: 'move',
+            backend_tools.Cursors.WAIT: 'wait',
+            backend_tools.Cursors.RESIZE_HORIZONTAL: 'ew-resize',
+            backend_tools.Cursors.RESIZE_VERTICAL: 'ns-resize',
+        }, cursor=cursor)
+        self.send_event('cursor', cursor=cursor)
+
+    def set_image_mode(self, mode):
+        """
+        Set the image mode for any subsequent images which will be sent
+        to the clients. The modes may currently be either 'full' or 'diff'.
+
+        Note: diff images may not contain transparency, therefore upon
+        draw this mode may be changed if the resulting image has any
+        transparent component.
+        """
+        _api.check_in_list(['full', 'diff'], mode=mode)
+        if self._current_image_mode != mode:
+            self._current_image_mode = mode
+            self.handle_send_image_mode(None)
+
+    def get_diff_image(self):
+        if self._png_is_old:
+            renderer = self.get_renderer()
+
+            pixels = np.asarray(renderer.buffer_rgba())
+            # The buffer is created as type uint32 so that entire
+            # pixels can be compared in one numpy call, rather than
+            # needing to compare each plane separately.
+            buff = pixels.view(np.uint32).squeeze(2)
+
+            if (self._force_full
+                    # If the buffer has changed size we need to do a full draw.
+                    or buff.shape != self._last_buff.shape
+                    # If any pixels have transparency, we need to force a full
+                    # draw as we cannot overlay new on top of old.
+                    or (pixels[:, :, 3] != 255).any()):
+                self.set_image_mode('full')
+                output = buff
+            else:
+                self.set_image_mode('diff')
+                diff = buff != self._last_buff
+                output = np.where(diff, buff, 0)
+
+            # Store the current buffer so we can compute the next diff.
+            self._last_buff = buff.copy()
+            self._force_full = False
+            self._png_is_old = False
+
+            data = output.view(dtype=np.uint8).reshape((*output.shape, 4))
+            with BytesIO() as png:
+                Image.fromarray(data).save(png, format="png")
+                return png.getvalue()
+
+    def handle_event(self, event):
+        e_type = event['type']
+        handler = getattr(self, f'handle_{e_type}',
+                          self.handle_unknown_event)
+        return handler(event)
+
+    def handle_unknown_event(self, event):
+        _log.warning('Unhandled message type %s. %s', event["type"], event)
+
+    def handle_ack(self, event):
+        # Network latency tends to decrease if traffic is flowing
+        # in both directions.  Therefore, the browser sends back
+        # an "ack" message after each image frame is received.
+        # This could also be used as a simple sanity check in the
+        # future, but for now the performance increase is enough
+        # to justify it, even if the server does nothing with it.
+        pass
+
+    def handle_draw(self, event):
+        self.draw()
+
+    def _handle_mouse(self, event):
+        x = event['x']
+        y = event['y']
+        y = self.get_renderer().height - y
+        self._last_mouse_xy = x, y
+        e_type = event['type']
+        button = event['button'] + 1  # JS numbers off by 1 compared to mpl.
+        buttons = {  # JS ordering different compared to mpl.
+            button for button, mask in [
+                (MouseButton.LEFT, 1),
+                (MouseButton.RIGHT, 2),
+                (MouseButton.MIDDLE, 4),
+                (MouseButton.BACK, 8),
+                (MouseButton.FORWARD, 16),
+            ] if event['buttons'] & mask  # State *after* press/release.
+        }
+        modifiers = event['modifiers']
+        guiEvent = event.get('guiEvent')
+        if e_type in ['button_press', 'button_release']:
+            MouseEvent(e_type + '_event', self, x, y, button,
+                       modifiers=modifiers, guiEvent=guiEvent)._process()
+        elif e_type == 'dblclick':
+            MouseEvent('button_press_event', self, x, y, button, dblclick=True,
+                       modifiers=modifiers, guiEvent=guiEvent)._process()
+        elif e_type == 'scroll':
+            MouseEvent('scroll_event', self, x, y, step=event['step'],
+                       modifiers=modifiers, guiEvent=guiEvent)._process()
+        elif e_type == 'motion_notify':
+            MouseEvent(e_type + '_event', self, x, y,
+                       buttons=buttons, modifiers=modifiers, guiEvent=guiEvent,
+                       )._process()
+        elif e_type in ['figure_enter', 'figure_leave']:
+            LocationEvent(e_type + '_event', self, x, y,
+                          modifiers=modifiers, guiEvent=guiEvent)._process()
+
+    handle_button_press = handle_button_release = handle_dblclick = \
+        handle_figure_enter = handle_figure_leave = handle_motion_notify = \
+        handle_scroll = _handle_mouse
+
+    def _handle_key(self, event):
+        KeyEvent(event['type'] + '_event', self,
+                 _handle_key(event['key']), *self._last_mouse_xy,
+                 guiEvent=event.get('guiEvent'))._process()
+    handle_key_press = handle_key_release = _handle_key
+
+    def handle_toolbar_button(self, event):
+        # TODO: Be more suspicious of the input
+        getattr(self.toolbar, event['name'])()
+
+    def handle_refresh(self, event):
+        figure_label = self.figure.get_label()
+        if not figure_label:
+            figure_label = f"Figure {self.manager.num}"
+        self.send_event('figure_label', label=figure_label)
+        self._force_full = True
+        if self.toolbar:
+            # Normal toolbar init would refresh this, but it happens before the
+            # browser canvas is set up.
+            self.toolbar.set_history_buttons()
+        self.draw_idle()
+
+    def handle_resize(self, event):
+        x = int(event.get('width', 800)) * self.device_pixel_ratio
+        y = int(event.get('height', 800)) * self.device_pixel_ratio
+        fig = self.figure
+        # An attempt at approximating the figure size in pixels.
+        fig.set_size_inches(x / fig.dpi, y / fig.dpi, forward=False)
+        # Acknowledge the resize, and force the viewer to update the
+        # canvas size to the figure's new size (which is hopefully
+        # identical or within a pixel or so).
+        self._png_is_old = True
+        self.manager.resize(*fig.bbox.size, forward=False)
+        ResizeEvent('resize_event', self)._process()
+        self.draw_idle()
+
+    def handle_send_image_mode(self, event):
+        # The client requests notification of what the current image mode is.
+        self.send_event('image_mode', mode=self._current_image_mode)
+
+    def handle_set_device_pixel_ratio(self, event):
+        self._handle_set_device_pixel_ratio(event.get('device_pixel_ratio', 1))
+
+    def handle_set_dpi_ratio(self, event):
+        # This handler is for backwards-compatibility with older ipympl.
+        self._handle_set_device_pixel_ratio(event.get('dpi_ratio', 1))
+
+    def _handle_set_device_pixel_ratio(self, device_pixel_ratio):
+        if self._set_device_pixel_ratio(device_pixel_ratio):
+            self._force_full = True
+            self.draw_idle()
+
+    def send_event(self, event_type, **kwargs):
+        if self.manager:
+            self.manager._send_event(event_type, **kwargs)
+
+
+_ALLOWED_TOOL_ITEMS = {
+    'home',
+    'back',
+    'forward',
+    'pan',
+    'zoom',
+    'download',
+    None,
+}
+
+
+class NavigationToolbar2WebAgg(backend_bases.NavigationToolbar2):
+
+    # Use the standard toolbar items + download button
+    toolitems = [
+        (text, tooltip_text, image_file, name_of_method)
+        for text, tooltip_text, image_file, name_of_method
+        in (*backend_bases.NavigationToolbar2.toolitems,
+            ('Download', 'Download plot', 'filesave', 'download'))
+        if name_of_method in _ALLOWED_TOOL_ITEMS
+    ]
+
+    def __init__(self, canvas):
+        self.message = ''
+        super().__init__(canvas)
+
+    def set_message(self, message):
+        if message != self.message:
+            self.canvas.send_event("message", message=message)
+        self.message = message
+
+    def draw_rubberband(self, event, x0, y0, x1, y1):
+        self.canvas.send_event("rubberband", x0=x0, y0=y0, x1=x1, y1=y1)
+
+    def remove_rubberband(self):
+        self.canvas.send_event("rubberband", x0=-1, y0=-1, x1=-1, y1=-1)
+
+    def save_figure(self, *args):
+        """Save the current figure."""
+        self.canvas.send_event('save')
+        return self.UNKNOWN_SAVED_STATUS
+
+    def pan(self):
+        super().pan()
+        self.canvas.send_event('navigate_mode', mode=self.mode.name)
+
+    def zoom(self):
+        super().zoom()
+        self.canvas.send_event('navigate_mode', mode=self.mode.name)
+
+    def set_history_buttons(self):
+        can_backward = self._nav_stack._pos > 0
+        can_forward = self._nav_stack._pos < len(self._nav_stack) - 1
+        self.canvas.send_event('history_buttons',
+                               Back=can_backward, Forward=can_forward)
+
+
+class FigureManagerWebAgg(backend_bases.FigureManagerBase):
+    # This must be None to not break ipympl
+    _toolbar2_class = None
+    ToolbarCls = NavigationToolbar2WebAgg
+    _window_title = "Matplotlib"
+
+    def __init__(self, canvas, num):
+        self.web_sockets = set()
+        super().__init__(canvas, num)
+
+    def show(self):
+        pass
+
+    def resize(self, w, h, forward=True):
+        self._send_event(
+            'resize',
+            size=(w / self.canvas.device_pixel_ratio,
+                  h / self.canvas.device_pixel_ratio),
+            forward=forward)
+
+    def set_window_title(self, title):
+        self._send_event('figure_label', label=title)
+        self._window_title = title
+
+    def get_window_title(self):
+        return self._window_title
+
+    # The following methods are specific to FigureManagerWebAgg
+
+    def add_web_socket(self, web_socket):
+        assert hasattr(web_socket, 'send_binary')
+        assert hasattr(web_socket, 'send_json')
+        self.web_sockets.add(web_socket)
+        self.resize(*self.canvas.figure.bbox.size)
+        self._send_event('refresh')
+
+    def remove_web_socket(self, web_socket):
+        self.web_sockets.remove(web_socket)
+
+    def handle_json(self, content):
+        self.canvas.handle_event(content)
+
+    def refresh_all(self):
+        if self.web_sockets:
+            diff = self.canvas.get_diff_image()
+            if diff is not None:
+                for s in self.web_sockets:
+                    s.send_binary(diff)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_javascript(cls, stream=None):
+        if stream is None:
+            output = StringIO()
+        else:
+            output = stream
+
+        output.write((Path(__file__).parent / "web_backend/js/mpl.js")
+                     .read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
+
+        toolitems = []
+        for name, tooltip, image, method in cls.ToolbarCls.toolitems:
+            if name is None:
+                toolitems.append(['', '', '', ''])
+            else:
+                toolitems.append([name, tooltip, image, method])
+        output.write(f"mpl.toolbar_items = {json.dumps(toolitems)};\n\n")
+
+        extensions = []
+        for filetype, ext in sorted(FigureCanvasWebAggCore.
+                                    get_supported_filetypes_grouped().
+                                    items()):
+            extensions.append(ext[0])
+        output.write(f"mpl.extensions = {json.dumps(extensions)};\n\n")
+
+        output.write("mpl.default_extension = {};".format(
+            json.dumps(FigureCanvasWebAggCore.get_default_filetype())))
+
+        if stream is None:
+            return output.getvalue()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_static_file_path(cls):
+        return os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'web_backend')
+
+    def _send_event(self, event_type, **kwargs):
+        payload = {'type': event_type, **kwargs}
+        for s in self.web_sockets:
+            s.send_json(payload)
+
+
+@_Backend.export
+class _BackendWebAggCoreAgg(_Backend):
+    FigureCanvas = FigureCanvasWebAggCore
+    FigureManager = FigureManagerWebAgg

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_wxagg.py

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+import wx
+
+from .backend_agg import FigureCanvasAgg
+from .backend_wx import _BackendWx, _FigureCanvasWxBase
+from .backend_wx import (  # noqa: F401 # pylint: disable=W0611
+    NavigationToolbar2Wx as NavigationToolbar2WxAgg)
+
+
+class FigureCanvasWxAgg(FigureCanvasAgg, _FigureCanvasWxBase):
+    def draw(self, drawDC=None):
+        """
+        Render the figure using agg.
+        """
+        FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self)
+        self.bitmap = self._create_bitmap()
+        self._isDrawn = True
+        self.gui_repaint(drawDC=drawDC)
+
+    def blit(self, bbox=None):
+        # docstring inherited
+        bitmap = self._create_bitmap()
+        if bbox is None:
+            self.bitmap = bitmap
+        else:
+            srcDC = wx.MemoryDC(bitmap)
+            destDC = wx.MemoryDC(self.bitmap)
+            x = int(bbox.x0)
+            y = int(self.bitmap.GetHeight() - bbox.y1)
+            destDC.Blit(x, y, int(bbox.width), int(bbox.height), srcDC, x, y)
+            destDC.SelectObject(wx.NullBitmap)
+            srcDC.SelectObject(wx.NullBitmap)
+        self.gui_repaint()
+
+    def _create_bitmap(self):
+        """Create a wx.Bitmap from the renderer RGBA buffer"""
+        rgba = self.get_renderer().buffer_rgba()
+        h, w, _ = rgba.shape
+        bitmap = wx.Bitmap.FromBufferRGBA(w, h, rgba)
+        bitmap.SetScaleFactor(self.GetDPIScaleFactor())
+        return bitmap
+
+
+@_BackendWx.export
+class _BackendWxAgg(_BackendWx):
+    FigureCanvas = FigureCanvasWxAgg

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_wxcairo.py

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import wx.lib.wxcairo as wxcairo
+
+from .backend_cairo import cairo, FigureCanvasCairo
+from .backend_wx import _BackendWx, _FigureCanvasWxBase
+from .backend_wx import (  # noqa: F401 # pylint: disable=W0611
+    NavigationToolbar2Wx as NavigationToolbar2WxCairo)
+
+
+class FigureCanvasWxCairo(FigureCanvasCairo, _FigureCanvasWxBase):
+    def draw(self, drawDC=None):
+        size = self.figure.bbox.size.astype(int)
+        surface = cairo.ImageSurface(cairo.FORMAT_ARGB32, *size)
+        self._renderer.set_context(cairo.Context(surface))
+        self._renderer.dpi = self.figure.dpi
+        self.figure.draw(self._renderer)
+        self.bitmap = wxcairo.BitmapFromImageSurface(surface)
+        self._isDrawn = True
+        self.gui_repaint(drawDC=drawDC)
+
+
+@_BackendWx.export
+class _BackendWxCairo(_BackendWx):
+    FigureCanvas = FigureCanvasWxCairo

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/qt_compat.py

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+"""
+Qt binding and backend selector.
+
+The selection logic is as follows:
+- if any of PyQt6, PySide6, PyQt5, or PySide2 have already been
+  imported (checked in that order), use it;
+- otherwise, if the QT_API environment variable (used by Enthought) is set, use
+  it to determine which binding to use;
+- otherwise, use whatever the rcParams indicate.
+"""
+
+import operator
+import os
+import platform
+import sys
+
+from packaging.version import parse as parse_version
+
+import matplotlib as mpl
+
+from . import _QT_FORCE_QT5_BINDING
+
+QT_API_PYQT6 = "PyQt6"
+QT_API_PYSIDE6 = "PySide6"
+QT_API_PYQT5 = "PyQt5"
+QT_API_PYSIDE2 = "PySide2"
+QT_API_ENV = os.environ.get("QT_API")
+if QT_API_ENV is not None:
+    QT_API_ENV = QT_API_ENV.lower()
+_ETS = {  # Mapping of QT_API_ENV to requested binding.
+    "pyqt6": QT_API_PYQT6, "pyside6": QT_API_PYSIDE6,
+    "pyqt5": QT_API_PYQT5, "pyside2": QT_API_PYSIDE2,
+}
+# First, check if anything is already imported.
+if sys.modules.get("PyQt6.QtCore"):
+    QT_API = QT_API_PYQT6
+elif sys.modules.get("PySide6.QtCore"):
+    QT_API = QT_API_PYSIDE6
+elif sys.modules.get("PyQt5.QtCore"):
+    QT_API = QT_API_PYQT5
+elif sys.modules.get("PySide2.QtCore"):
+    QT_API = QT_API_PYSIDE2
+# Otherwise, check the QT_API environment variable (from Enthought).  This can
+# only override the binding, not the backend (in other words, we check that the
+# requested backend actually matches).  Use _get_backend_or_none to avoid
+# triggering backend resolution (which can result in a partially but
+# incompletely imported backend_qt5).
+elif (mpl.rcParams._get_backend_or_none() or "").lower().startswith("qt5"):
+    if QT_API_ENV in ["pyqt5", "pyside2"]:
+        QT_API = _ETS[QT_API_ENV]
+    else:
+        _QT_FORCE_QT5_BINDING = True  # noqa: F811
+        QT_API = None
+# A non-Qt backend was selected but we still got there (possible, e.g., when
+# fully manually embedding Matplotlib in a Qt app without using pyplot).
+elif QT_API_ENV is None:
+    QT_API = None
+elif QT_API_ENV in _ETS:
+    QT_API = _ETS[QT_API_ENV]
+else:
+    raise RuntimeError(
+        "The environment variable QT_API has the unrecognized value {!r}; "
+        "valid values are {}".format(QT_API_ENV, ", ".join(_ETS)))
+
+
+def _setup_pyqt5plus():
+    global QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets, __version__
+    global _isdeleted, _to_int
+
+    if QT_API == QT_API_PYQT6:
+        from PyQt6 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets, sip
+        __version__ = QtCore.PYQT_VERSION_STR
+        QtCore.Signal = QtCore.pyqtSignal
+        QtCore.Slot = QtCore.pyqtSlot
+        QtCore.Property = QtCore.pyqtProperty
+        _isdeleted = sip.isdeleted
+        _to_int = operator.attrgetter('value')
+    elif QT_API == QT_API_PYSIDE6:
+        from PySide6 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets, __version__
+        import shiboken6
+        def _isdeleted(obj): return not shiboken6.isValid(obj)
+        if parse_version(__version__) >= parse_version('6.4'):
+            _to_int = operator.attrgetter('value')
+        else:
+            _to_int = int
+    elif QT_API == QT_API_PYQT5:
+        from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
+        import sip
+        __version__ = QtCore.PYQT_VERSION_STR
+        QtCore.Signal = QtCore.pyqtSignal
+        QtCore.Slot = QtCore.pyqtSlot
+        QtCore.Property = QtCore.pyqtProperty
+        _isdeleted = sip.isdeleted
+        _to_int = int
+    elif QT_API == QT_API_PYSIDE2:
+        from PySide2 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets, __version__
+        try:
+            from PySide2 import shiboken2
+        except ImportError:
+            import shiboken2
+        def _isdeleted(obj):
+            return not shiboken2.isValid(obj)
+        _to_int = int
+    else:
+        raise AssertionError(f"Unexpected QT_API: {QT_API}")
+
+
+if QT_API in [QT_API_PYQT6, QT_API_PYQT5, QT_API_PYSIDE6, QT_API_PYSIDE2]:
+    _setup_pyqt5plus()
+elif QT_API is None:  # See above re: dict.__getitem__.
+    if _QT_FORCE_QT5_BINDING:
+        _candidates = [
+            (_setup_pyqt5plus, QT_API_PYQT5),
+            (_setup_pyqt5plus, QT_API_PYSIDE2),
+        ]
+    else:
+        _candidates = [
+            (_setup_pyqt5plus, QT_API_PYQT6),
+            (_setup_pyqt5plus, QT_API_PYSIDE6),
+            (_setup_pyqt5plus, QT_API_PYQT5),
+            (_setup_pyqt5plus, QT_API_PYSIDE2),
+        ]
+    for _setup, QT_API in _candidates:
+        try:
+            _setup()
+        except ImportError:
+            continue
+        break
+    else:
+        raise ImportError(
+            "Failed to import any of the following Qt binding modules: {}"
+            .format(", ".join([QT_API for _, QT_API in _candidates]))
+        )
+else:  # We should not get there.
+    raise AssertionError(f"Unexpected QT_API: {QT_API}")
+_version_info = tuple(QtCore.QLibraryInfo.version().segments())
+
+
+if _version_info < (5, 12):
+    raise ImportError(
+        f"The Qt version imported is "
+        f"{QtCore.QLibraryInfo.version().toString()} but Matplotlib requires "
+        f"Qt>=5.12")
+
+
+# Fixes issues with Big Sur
+# https://bugreports.qt.io/browse/QTBUG-87014, fixed in qt 5.15.2
+if (sys.platform == 'darwin' and
+        parse_version(platform.mac_ver()[0]) >= parse_version("10.16") and
+        _version_info < (5, 15, 2)):
+    os.environ.setdefault("QT_MAC_WANTS_LAYER", "1")
+
+
+# Backports.
+
+
+def _exec(obj):
+    # exec on PyQt6, exec_ elsewhere.
+    obj.exec() if hasattr(obj, "exec") else obj.exec_()

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/qt_editor/_formlayout.py

@@ -0,0 +1,592 @@
+"""
+formlayout
+==========
+
+Module creating Qt form dialogs/layouts to edit various type of parameters
+
+
+formlayout License Agreement (MIT License)
+------------------------------------------
+
+Copyright (c) 2009 Pierre Raybaut
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
+obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation
+files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
+restriction, including without limitation the rights to use,
+copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following
+conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES
+OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT
+HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
+WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
+OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+"""
+
+# History:
+# 1.0.10: added float validator
+#         (disable "Ok" and "Apply" button when not valid)
+# 1.0.7: added support for "Apply" button
+# 1.0.6: code cleaning
+
+__version__ = '1.0.10'
+__license__ = __doc__
+
+from ast import literal_eval
+
+import copy
+import datetime
+import logging
+from numbers import Integral, Real
+
+from matplotlib import _api, colors as mcolors
+from matplotlib.backends.qt_compat import _to_int, QtGui, QtWidgets, QtCore
+
+_log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+BLACKLIST = {"title", "label"}
+
+
+class ColorButton(QtWidgets.QPushButton):
+    """
+    Color choosing push button
+    """
+    colorChanged = QtCore.Signal(QtGui.QColor)
+
+    def __init__(self, parent=None):
+        super().__init__(parent)
+        self.setFixedSize(20, 20)
+        self.setIconSize(QtCore.QSize(12, 12))
+        self.clicked.connect(self.choose_color)
+        self._color = QtGui.QColor()
+
+    def choose_color(self):
+        color = QtWidgets.QColorDialog.getColor(
+            self._color, self.parentWidget(), "",
+            QtWidgets.QColorDialog.ColorDialogOption.ShowAlphaChannel)
+        if color.isValid():
+            self.set_color(color)
+
+    def get_color(self):
+        return self._color
+
+    @QtCore.Slot(QtGui.QColor)
+    def set_color(self, color):
+        if color != self._color:
+            self._color = color
+            self.colorChanged.emit(self._color)
+            pixmap = QtGui.QPixmap(self.iconSize())
+            pixmap.fill(color)
+            self.setIcon(QtGui.QIcon(pixmap))
+
+    color = QtCore.Property(QtGui.QColor, get_color, set_color)
+
+
+def to_qcolor(color):
+    """Create a QColor from a matplotlib color"""
+    qcolor = QtGui.QColor()
+    try:
+        rgba = mcolors.to_rgba(color)
+    except ValueError:
+        _api.warn_external(f'Ignoring invalid color {color!r}')
+        return qcolor  # return invalid QColor
+    qcolor.setRgbF(*rgba)
+    return qcolor
+
+
+class ColorLayout(QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout):
+    """Color-specialized QLineEdit layout"""
+    def __init__(self, color, parent=None):
+        super().__init__()
+        assert isinstance(color, QtGui.QColor)
+        self.lineedit = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(
+            mcolors.to_hex(color.getRgbF(), keep_alpha=True), parent)
+        self.lineedit.editingFinished.connect(self.update_color)
+        self.addWidget(self.lineedit)
+        self.colorbtn = ColorButton(parent)
+        self.colorbtn.color = color
+        self.colorbtn.colorChanged.connect(self.update_text)
+        self.addWidget(self.colorbtn)
+
+    def update_color(self):
+        color = self.text()
+        qcolor = to_qcolor(color)  # defaults to black if not qcolor.isValid()
+        self.colorbtn.color = qcolor
+
+    def update_text(self, color):
+        self.lineedit.setText(mcolors.to_hex(color.getRgbF(), keep_alpha=True))
+
+    def text(self):
+        return self.lineedit.text()
+
+
+def font_is_installed(font):
+    """Check if font is installed"""
+    return [fam for fam in QtGui.QFontDatabase().families()
+            if str(fam) == font]
+
+
+def tuple_to_qfont(tup):
+    """
+    Create a QFont from tuple:
+        (family [string], size [int], italic [bool], bold [bool])
+    """
+    if not (isinstance(tup, tuple) and len(tup) == 4
+            and font_is_installed(tup[0])
+            and isinstance(tup[1], Integral)
+            and isinstance(tup[2], bool)
+            and isinstance(tup[3], bool)):
+        return None
+    font = QtGui.QFont()
+    family, size, italic, bold = tup
+    font.setFamily(family)
+    font.setPointSize(size)
+    font.setItalic(italic)
+    font.setBold(bold)
+    return font
+
+
+def qfont_to_tuple(font):
+    return (str(font.family()), int(font.pointSize()),
+            font.italic(), font.bold())
+
+
+class FontLayout(QtWidgets.QGridLayout):
+    """Font selection"""
+    def __init__(self, value, parent=None):
+        super().__init__()
+        font = tuple_to_qfont(value)
+        assert font is not None
+
+        # Font family
+        self.family = QtWidgets.QFontComboBox(parent)
+        self.family.setCurrentFont(font)
+        self.addWidget(self.family, 0, 0, 1, -1)
+
+        # Font size
+        self.size = QtWidgets.QComboBox(parent)
+        self.size.setEditable(True)
+        sizelist = [*range(6, 12), *range(12, 30, 2), 36, 48, 72]
+        size = font.pointSize()
+        if size not in sizelist:
+            sizelist.append(size)
+            sizelist.sort()
+        self.size.addItems([str(s) for s in sizelist])
+        self.size.setCurrentIndex(sizelist.index(size))
+        self.addWidget(self.size, 1, 0)
+
+        # Italic or not
+        self.italic = QtWidgets.QCheckBox(self.tr("Italic"), parent)
+        self.italic.setChecked(font.italic())
+        self.addWidget(self.italic, 1, 1)
+
+        # Bold or not
+        self.bold = QtWidgets.QCheckBox(self.tr("Bold"), parent)
+        self.bold.setChecked(font.bold())
+        self.addWidget(self.bold, 1, 2)
+
+    def get_font(self):
+        font = self.family.currentFont()
+        font.setItalic(self.italic.isChecked())
+        font.setBold(self.bold.isChecked())
+        font.setPointSize(int(self.size.currentText()))
+        return qfont_to_tuple(font)
+
+
+def is_edit_valid(edit):
+    text = edit.text()
+    state = edit.validator().validate(text, 0)[0]
+    return state == QtGui.QDoubleValidator.State.Acceptable
+
+
+class FormWidget(QtWidgets.QWidget):
+    update_buttons = QtCore.Signal()
+
+    def __init__(self, data, comment="", with_margin=False, parent=None):
+        """
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        data : list of (label, value) pairs
+            The data to be edited in the form.
+        comment : str, optional
+        with_margin : bool, default: False
+            If False, the form elements reach to the border of the widget.
+            This is the desired behavior if the FormWidget is used as a widget
+            alongside with other widgets such as a QComboBox, which also do
+            not have a margin around them.
+            However, a margin can be desired if the FormWidget is the only
+            widget within a container, e.g. a tab in a QTabWidget.
+        parent : QWidget or None
+            The parent widget.
+        """
+        super().__init__(parent)
+        self.data = copy.deepcopy(data)
+        self.widgets = []
+        self.formlayout = QtWidgets.QFormLayout(self)
+        if not with_margin:
+            self.formlayout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
+        if comment:
+            self.formlayout.addRow(QtWidgets.QLabel(comment))
+            self.formlayout.addRow(QtWidgets.QLabel(" "))
+
+    def get_dialog(self):
+        """Return FormDialog instance"""
+        dialog = self.parent()
+        while not isinstance(dialog, QtWidgets.QDialog):
+            dialog = dialog.parent()
+        return dialog
+
+    def setup(self):
+        for label, value in self.data:
+            if label is None and value is None:
+                # Separator: (None, None)
+                self.formlayout.addRow(QtWidgets.QLabel(" "),
+                                       QtWidgets.QLabel(" "))
+                self.widgets.append(None)
+                continue
+            elif label is None:
+                # Comment
+                self.formlayout.addRow(QtWidgets.QLabel(value))
+                self.widgets.append(None)
+                continue
+            elif tuple_to_qfont(value) is not None:
+                field = FontLayout(value, self)
+            elif (label.lower() not in BLACKLIST
+                  and mcolors.is_color_like(value)):
+                field = ColorLayout(to_qcolor(value), self)
+            elif isinstance(value, str):
+                field = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(value, self)
+            elif isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
+                if isinstance(value, tuple):
+                    value = list(value)
+                # Note: get() below checks the type of value[0] in self.data so
+                # it is essential that value gets modified in-place.
+                # This means that the code is actually broken in the case where
+                # value is a tuple, but fortunately we always pass a list...
+                selindex = value.pop(0)
+                field = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self)
+                if isinstance(value[0], (list, tuple)):
+                    keys = [key for key, _val in value]
+                    value = [val for _key, val in value]
+                else:
+                    keys = value
+                field.addItems(value)
+                if selindex in value:
+                    selindex = value.index(selindex)
+                elif selindex in keys:
+                    selindex = keys.index(selindex)
+                elif not isinstance(selindex, Integral):
+                    _log.warning(
+                        "index '%s' is invalid (label: %s, value: %s)",
+                        selindex, label, value)
+                    selindex = 0
+                field.setCurrentIndex(selindex)
+            elif isinstance(value, bool):
+                field = QtWidgets.QCheckBox(self)
+                field.setChecked(value)
+            elif isinstance(value, Integral):
+                field = QtWidgets.QSpinBox(self)
+                field.setRange(-10**9, 10**9)
+                field.setValue(value)
+            elif isinstance(value, Real):
+                field = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(repr(value), self)
+                field.setCursorPosition(0)
+                field.setValidator(QtGui.QDoubleValidator(field))
+                field.validator().setLocale(QtCore.QLocale("C"))
+                dialog = self.get_dialog()
+                dialog.register_float_field(field)
+                field.textChanged.connect(lambda text: dialog.update_buttons())
+            elif isinstance(value, datetime.datetime):
+                field = QtWidgets.QDateTimeEdit(self)
+                field.setDateTime(value)
+            elif isinstance(value, datetime.date):
+                field = QtWidgets.QDateEdit(self)
+                field.setDate(value)
+            else:
+                field = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(repr(value), self)
+            self.formlayout.addRow(label, field)
+            self.widgets.append(field)
+
+    def get(self):
+        valuelist = []
+        for index, (label, value) in enumerate(self.data):
+            field = self.widgets[index]
+            if label is None:
+                # Separator / Comment
+                continue
+            elif tuple_to_qfont(value) is not None:
+                value = field.get_font()
+            elif isinstance(value, str) or mcolors.is_color_like(value):
+                value = str(field.text())
+            elif isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
+                index = int(field.currentIndex())
+                if isinstance(value[0], (list, tuple)):
+                    value = value[index][0]
+                else:
+                    value = value[index]
+            elif isinstance(value, bool):
+                value = field.isChecked()
+            elif isinstance(value, Integral):
+                value = int(field.value())
+            elif isinstance(value, Real):
+                value = float(str(field.text()))
+            elif isinstance(value, datetime.datetime):
+                datetime_ = field.dateTime()
+                if hasattr(datetime_, "toPyDateTime"):
+                    value = datetime_.toPyDateTime()
+                else:
+                    value = datetime_.toPython()
+            elif isinstance(value, datetime.date):
+                date_ = field.date()
+                if hasattr(date_, "toPyDate"):
+                    value = date_.toPyDate()
+                else:
+                    value = date_.toPython()
+            else:
+                value = literal_eval(str(field.text()))
+            valuelist.append(value)
+        return valuelist
+
+
+class FormComboWidget(QtWidgets.QWidget):
+    update_buttons = QtCore.Signal()
+
+    def __init__(self, datalist, comment="", parent=None):
+        super().__init__(parent)
+        layout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout()
+        self.setLayout(layout)
+        self.combobox = QtWidgets.QComboBox()
+        layout.addWidget(self.combobox)
+
+        self.stackwidget = QtWidgets.QStackedWidget(self)
+        layout.addWidget(self.stackwidget)
+        self.combobox.currentIndexChanged.connect(
+            self.stackwidget.setCurrentIndex)
+
+        self.widgetlist = []
+        for data, title, comment in datalist:
+            self.combobox.addItem(title)
+            widget = FormWidget(data, comment=comment, parent=self)
+            self.stackwidget.addWidget(widget)
+            self.widgetlist.append(widget)
+
+    def setup(self):
+        for widget in self.widgetlist:
+            widget.setup()
+
+    def get(self):
+        return [widget.get() for widget in self.widgetlist]
+
+
+class FormTabWidget(QtWidgets.QWidget):
+    update_buttons = QtCore.Signal()
+
+    def __init__(self, datalist, comment="", parent=None):
+        super().__init__(parent)
+        layout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout()
+        self.tabwidget = QtWidgets.QTabWidget()
+        layout.addWidget(self.tabwidget)
+        layout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
+        self.setLayout(layout)
+        self.widgetlist = []
+        for data, title, comment in datalist:
+            if len(data[0]) == 3:
+                widget = FormComboWidget(data, comment=comment, parent=self)
+            else:
+                widget = FormWidget(data, with_margin=True, comment=comment,
+                                    parent=self)
+            index = self.tabwidget.addTab(widget, title)
+            self.tabwidget.setTabToolTip(index, comment)
+            self.widgetlist.append(widget)
+
+    def setup(self):
+        for widget in self.widgetlist:
+            widget.setup()
+
+    def get(self):
+        return [widget.get() for widget in self.widgetlist]
+
+
+class FormDialog(QtWidgets.QDialog):
+    """Form Dialog"""
+    def __init__(self, data, title="", comment="",
+                 icon=None, parent=None, apply=None):
+        super().__init__(parent)
+
+        self.apply_callback = apply
+
+        # Form
+        if isinstance(data[0][0], (list, tuple)):
+            self.formwidget = FormTabWidget(data, comment=comment,
+                                            parent=self)
+        elif len(data[0]) == 3:
+            self.formwidget = FormComboWidget(data, comment=comment,
+                                              parent=self)
+        else:
+            self.formwidget = FormWidget(data, comment=comment,
+                                         parent=self)
+        layout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout()
+        layout.addWidget(self.formwidget)
+
+        self.float_fields = []
+        self.formwidget.setup()
+
+        # Button box
+        self.bbox = bbox = QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox(
+            QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox.StandardButton(
+                    _to_int(QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox.StandardButton.Ok) |
+                    _to_int(QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox.StandardButton.Cancel)
+            ))
+        self.formwidget.update_buttons.connect(self.update_buttons)
+        if self.apply_callback is not None:
+            apply_btn = bbox.addButton(
+                QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox.StandardButton.Apply)
+            apply_btn.clicked.connect(self.apply)
+
+        bbox.accepted.connect(self.accept)
+        bbox.rejected.connect(self.reject)
+        layout.addWidget(bbox)
+
+        self.setLayout(layout)
+
+        self.setWindowTitle(title)
+        if not isinstance(icon, QtGui.QIcon):
+            icon = QtWidgets.QWidget().style().standardIcon(
+                QtWidgets.QStyle.SP_MessageBoxQuestion)
+        self.setWindowIcon(icon)
+
+    def register_float_field(self, field):
+        self.float_fields.append(field)
+
+    def update_buttons(self):
+        valid = True
+        for field in self.float_fields:
+            if not is_edit_valid(field):
+                valid = False
+        for btn_type in ["Ok", "Apply"]:
+            btn = self.bbox.button(
+                getattr(QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox.StandardButton,
+                        btn_type))
+            if btn is not None:
+                btn.setEnabled(valid)
+
+    def accept(self):
+        self.data = self.formwidget.get()
+        self.apply_callback(self.data)
+        super().accept()
+
+    def reject(self):
+        self.data = None
+        super().reject()
+
+    def apply(self):
+        self.apply_callback(self.formwidget.get())
+
+    def get(self):
+        """Return form result"""
+        return self.data
+
+
+def fedit(data, title="", comment="", icon=None, parent=None, apply=None):
+    """
+    Create form dialog
+
+    data: datalist, datagroup
+    title: str
+    comment: str
+    icon: QIcon instance
+    parent: parent QWidget
+    apply: apply callback (function)
+
+    datalist: list/tuple of (field_name, field_value)
+    datagroup: list/tuple of (datalist *or* datagroup, title, comment)
+
+    -> one field for each member of a datalist
+    -> one tab for each member of a top-level datagroup
+    -> one page (of a multipage widget, each page can be selected with a combo
+       box) for each member of a datagroup inside a datagroup
+
+    Supported types for field_value:
+      - int, float, str, bool
+      - colors: in Qt-compatible text form, i.e. in hex format or name
+                (red, ...) (automatically detected from a string)
+      - list/tuple:
+          * the first element will be the selected index (or value)
+          * the other elements can be couples (key, value) or only values
+    """
+
+    # Create a QApplication instance if no instance currently exists
+    # (e.g., if the module is used directly from the interpreter)
+    if QtWidgets.QApplication.startingUp():
+        _app = QtWidgets.QApplication([])
+    dialog = FormDialog(data, title, comment, icon, parent, apply)
+
+    if parent is not None:
+        if hasattr(parent, "_fedit_dialog"):
+            parent._fedit_dialog.close()
+        parent._fedit_dialog = dialog
+
+    dialog.show()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+
+    _app = QtWidgets.QApplication([])
+
+    def create_datalist_example():
+        return [('str', 'this is a string'),
+                ('list', [0, '1', '3', '4']),
+                ('list2', ['--', ('none', 'None'), ('--', 'Dashed'),
+                           ('-.', 'DashDot'), ('-', 'Solid'),
+                           ('steps', 'Steps'), (':', 'Dotted')]),
+                ('float', 1.2),
+                (None, 'Other:'),
+                ('int', 12),
+                ('font', ('Arial', 10, False, True)),
+                ('color', '#123409'),
+                ('bool', True),
+                ('date', datetime.date(2010, 10, 10)),
+                ('datetime', datetime.datetime(2010, 10, 10)),
+                ]
+
+    def create_datagroup_example():
+        datalist = create_datalist_example()
+        return ((datalist, "Category 1", "Category 1 comment"),
+                (datalist, "Category 2", "Category 2 comment"),
+                (datalist, "Category 3", "Category 3 comment"))
+
+    # --------- datalist example
+    datalist = create_datalist_example()
+
+    def apply_test(data):
+        print("data:", data)
+    fedit(datalist, title="Example",
+          comment="This is just an <b>example</b>.",
+          apply=apply_test)
+
+    _app.exec()
+
+    # --------- datagroup example
+    datagroup = create_datagroup_example()
+    fedit(datagroup, "Global title",
+          apply=apply_test)
+    _app.exec()
+
+    # --------- datagroup inside a datagroup example
+    datalist = create_datalist_example()
+    datagroup = create_datagroup_example()
+    fedit(((datagroup, "Title 1", "Tab 1 comment"),
+           (datalist, "Title 2", "Tab 2 comment"),
+           (datalist, "Title 3", "Tab 3 comment")),
+          "Global title",
+          apply=apply_test)
+    _app.exec()

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/qt_editor/figureoptions.py

@@ -0,0 +1,271 @@
+# Copyright © 2009 Pierre Raybaut
+# Licensed under the terms of the MIT License
+# see the Matplotlib licenses directory for a copy of the license
+
+
+"""Module that provides a GUI-based editor for Matplotlib's figure options."""
+
+from itertools import chain
+from matplotlib import cbook, cm, colors as mcolors, markers, image as mimage
+from matplotlib.backends.qt_compat import QtGui
+from matplotlib.backends.qt_editor import _formlayout
+from matplotlib.dates import DateConverter, num2date
+
+LINESTYLES = {'-': 'Solid',
+              '--': 'Dashed',
+              '-.': 'DashDot',
+              ':': 'Dotted',
+              'None': 'None',
+              }
+
+DRAWSTYLES = {
+    'default': 'Default',
+    'steps-pre': 'Steps (Pre)', 'steps': 'Steps (Pre)',
+    'steps-mid': 'Steps (Mid)',
+    'steps-post': 'Steps (Post)'}
+
+MARKERS = markers.MarkerStyle.markers
+
+
+def figure_edit(axes, parent=None):
+    """Edit matplotlib figure options"""
+    sep = (None, None)  # separator
+
+    # Get / General
+    def convert_limits(lim, converter):
+        """Convert axis limits for correct input editors."""
+        if isinstance(converter, DateConverter):
+            return map(num2date, lim)
+        # Cast to builtin floats as they have nicer reprs.
+        return map(float, lim)
+
+    axis_map = axes._axis_map
+    axis_limits = {
+        name: tuple(convert_limits(
+            getattr(axes, f'get_{name}lim')(), axis.get_converter()
+        ))
+        for name, axis in axis_map.items()
+    }
+    general = [
+        ('Title', axes.get_title()),
+        sep,
+        *chain.from_iterable([
+            (
+                (None, f"<b>{name.title()}-Axis</b>"),
+                ('Min', axis_limits[name][0]),
+                ('Max', axis_limits[name][1]),
+                ('Label', axis.label.get_text()),
+                ('Scale', [axis.get_scale(),
+                           'linear', 'log', 'symlog', 'logit']),
+                sep,
+            )
+            for name, axis in axis_map.items()
+        ]),
+        ('(Re-)Generate automatic legend', False),
+    ]
+
+    # Save the converter and unit data
+    axis_converter = {
+        name: axis.get_converter()
+        for name, axis in axis_map.items()
+    }
+    axis_units = {
+        name: axis.get_units()
+        for name, axis in axis_map.items()
+    }
+
+    # Get / Curves
+    labeled_lines = []
+    for line in axes.get_lines():
+        label = line.get_label()
+        if label == '_nolegend_':
+            continue
+        labeled_lines.append((label, line))
+    curves = []
+
+    def prepare_data(d, init):
+        """
+        Prepare entry for FormLayout.
+
+        *d* is a mapping of shorthands to style names (a single style may
+        have multiple shorthands, in particular the shorthands `None`,
+        `"None"`, `"none"` and `""` are synonyms); *init* is one shorthand
+        of the initial style.
+
+        This function returns an list suitable for initializing a
+        FormLayout combobox, namely `[initial_name, (shorthand,
+        style_name), (shorthand, style_name), ...]`.
+        """
+        if init not in d:
+            d = {**d, init: str(init)}
+        # Drop duplicate shorthands from dict (by overwriting them during
+        # the dict comprehension).
+        name2short = {name: short for short, name in d.items()}
+        # Convert back to {shorthand: name}.
+        short2name = {short: name for name, short in name2short.items()}
+        # Find the kept shorthand for the style specified by init.
+        canonical_init = name2short[d[init]]
+        # Sort by representation and prepend the initial value.
+        return ([canonical_init] +
+                sorted(short2name.items(),
+                       key=lambda short_and_name: short_and_name[1]))
+
+    for label, line in labeled_lines:
+        color = mcolors.to_hex(
+            mcolors.to_rgba(line.get_color(), line.get_alpha()),
+            keep_alpha=True)
+        ec = mcolors.to_hex(
+            mcolors.to_rgba(line.get_markeredgecolor(), line.get_alpha()),
+            keep_alpha=True)
+        fc = mcolors.to_hex(
+            mcolors.to_rgba(line.get_markerfacecolor(), line.get_alpha()),
+            keep_alpha=True)
+        curvedata = [
+            ('Label', label),
+            sep,
+            (None, '<b>Line</b>'),
+            ('Line style', prepare_data(LINESTYLES, line.get_linestyle())),
+            ('Draw style', prepare_data(DRAWSTYLES, line.get_drawstyle())),
+            ('Width', line.get_linewidth()),
+            ('Color (RGBA)', color),
+            sep,
+            (None, '<b>Marker</b>'),
+            ('Style', prepare_data(MARKERS, line.get_marker())),
+            ('Size', line.get_markersize()),
+            ('Face color (RGBA)', fc),
+            ('Edge color (RGBA)', ec)]
+        curves.append([curvedata, label, ""])
+    # Is there a curve displayed?
+    has_curve = bool(curves)
+
+    # Get ScalarMappables.
+    labeled_mappables = []
+    for mappable in [*axes.images, *axes.collections]:
+        label = mappable.get_label()
+        if label == '_nolegend_' or mappable.get_array() is None:
+            continue
+        labeled_mappables.append((label, mappable))
+    mappables = []
+    cmaps = [(cmap, name) for name, cmap in sorted(cm._colormaps.items())]
+    for label, mappable in labeled_mappables:
+        cmap = mappable.get_cmap()
+        if cmap.name not in cm._colormaps:
+            cmaps = [(cmap, cmap.name), *cmaps]
+        low, high = mappable.get_clim()
+        mappabledata = [
+            ('Label', label),
+            ('Colormap', [cmap.name] + cmaps),
+            ('Min. value', low),
+            ('Max. value', high),
+        ]
+        if hasattr(mappable, "get_interpolation"):  # Images.
+            interpolations = [
+                (name, name) for name in sorted(mimage.interpolations_names)]
+            mappabledata.append((
+                'Interpolation',
+                [mappable.get_interpolation(), *interpolations]))
+
+            interpolation_stages = ['data', 'rgba', 'auto']
+            mappabledata.append((
+                'Interpolation stage',
+                [mappable.get_interpolation_stage(), *interpolation_stages]))
+
+        mappables.append([mappabledata, label, ""])
+    # Is there a scalarmappable displayed?
+    has_sm = bool(mappables)
+
+    datalist = [(general, "Axes", "")]
+    if curves:
+        datalist.append((curves, "Curves", ""))
+    if mappables:
+        datalist.append((mappables, "Images, etc.", ""))
+
+    def apply_callback(data):
+        """A callback to apply changes."""
+        orig_limits = {
+            name: getattr(axes, f"get_{name}lim")()
+            for name in axis_map
+        }
+
+        general = data.pop(0)
+        curves = data.pop(0) if has_curve else []
+        mappables = data.pop(0) if has_sm else []
+        if data:
+            raise ValueError("Unexpected field")
+
+        title = general.pop(0)
+        axes.set_title(title)
+        generate_legend = general.pop()
+
+        for i, (name, axis) in enumerate(axis_map.items()):
+            axis_min = general[4*i]
+            axis_max = general[4*i + 1]
+            axis_label = general[4*i + 2]
+            axis_scale = general[4*i + 3]
+            if axis.get_scale() != axis_scale:
+                getattr(axes, f"set_{name}scale")(axis_scale)
+
+            axis._set_lim(axis_min, axis_max, auto=False)
+            axis.set_label_text(axis_label)
+
+            # Restore the unit data
+            axis._set_converter(axis_converter[name])
+            axis.set_units(axis_units[name])
+
+        # Set / Curves
+        for index, curve in enumerate(curves):
+            line = labeled_lines[index][1]
+            (label, linestyle, drawstyle, linewidth, color, marker, markersize,
+             markerfacecolor, markeredgecolor) = curve
+            line.set_label(label)
+            line.set_linestyle(linestyle)
+            line.set_drawstyle(drawstyle)
+            line.set_linewidth(linewidth)
+            rgba = mcolors.to_rgba(color)
+            line.set_alpha(None)
+            line.set_color(rgba)
+            if marker != 'none':
+                line.set_marker(marker)
+                line.set_markersize(markersize)
+                line.set_markerfacecolor(markerfacecolor)
+                line.set_markeredgecolor(markeredgecolor)
+
+        # Set ScalarMappables.
+        for index, mappable_settings in enumerate(mappables):
+            mappable = labeled_mappables[index][1]
+            if len(mappable_settings) == 6:
+                label, cmap, low, high, interpolation, interpolation_stage = \
+                  mappable_settings
+                mappable.set_interpolation(interpolation)
+                mappable.set_interpolation_stage(interpolation_stage)
+            elif len(mappable_settings) == 4:
+                label, cmap, low, high = mappable_settings
+            mappable.set_label(label)
+            mappable.set_cmap(cmap)
+            mappable.set_clim(*sorted([low, high]))
+
+        # re-generate legend, if checkbox is checked
+        if generate_legend:
+            draggable = None
+            ncols = 1
+            if axes.legend_ is not None:
+                old_legend = axes.get_legend()
+                draggable = old_legend._draggable is not None
+                ncols = old_legend._ncols
+            new_legend = axes.legend(ncols=ncols)
+            if new_legend:
+                new_legend.set_draggable(draggable)
+
+        # Redraw
+        figure = axes.get_figure()
+        figure.canvas.draw()
+        for name in axis_map:
+            if getattr(axes, f"get_{name}lim")() != orig_limits[name]:
+                figure.canvas.toolbar.push_current()
+                break
+
+    _formlayout.fedit(
+        datalist, title="Figure options", parent=parent,
+        icon=QtGui.QIcon(
+            str(cbook._get_data_path('images', 'qt4_editor_options.svg'))),
+        apply=apply_callback)

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/registry.py

@@ -0,0 +1,414 @@
+from enum import Enum
+import importlib
+
+
+class BackendFilter(Enum):
+    """
+    Filter used with :meth:`~matplotlib.backends.registry.BackendRegistry.list_builtin`
+
+    .. versionadded:: 3.9
+    """
+    INTERACTIVE = 0
+    NON_INTERACTIVE = 1
+
+
+class BackendRegistry:
+    """
+    Registry of backends available within Matplotlib.
+
+    This is the single source of truth for available backends.
+
+    All use of ``BackendRegistry`` should be via the singleton instance
+    ``backend_registry`` which can be imported from ``matplotlib.backends``.
+
+    Each backend has a name, a module name containing the backend code, and an
+    optional GUI framework that must be running if the backend is interactive.
+    There are three sources of backends: built-in (source code is within the
+    Matplotlib repository), explicit ``module://some.backend`` syntax (backend is
+    obtained by loading the module), or via an entry point (self-registering
+    backend in an external package).
+
+    .. versionadded:: 3.9
+    """
+    # Mapping of built-in backend name to GUI framework, or "headless" for no
+    # GUI framework. Built-in backends are those which are included in the
+    # Matplotlib repo. A backend with name 'name' is located in the module
+    # f"matplotlib.backends.backend_{name.lower()}"
+    _BUILTIN_BACKEND_TO_GUI_FRAMEWORK = {
+        "gtk3agg": "gtk3",
+        "gtk3cairo": "gtk3",
+        "gtk4agg": "gtk4",
+        "gtk4cairo": "gtk4",
+        "macosx": "macosx",
+        "nbagg": "nbagg",
+        "notebook": "nbagg",
+        "qtagg": "qt",
+        "qtcairo": "qt",
+        "qt5agg": "qt5",
+        "qt5cairo": "qt5",
+        "tkagg": "tk",
+        "tkcairo": "tk",
+        "webagg": "webagg",
+        "wx": "wx",
+        "wxagg": "wx",
+        "wxcairo": "wx",
+        "agg": "headless",
+        "cairo": "headless",
+        "pdf": "headless",
+        "pgf": "headless",
+        "ps": "headless",
+        "svg": "headless",
+        "template": "headless",
+    }
+
+    # Reverse mapping of gui framework to preferred built-in backend.
+    _GUI_FRAMEWORK_TO_BACKEND = {
+        "gtk3": "gtk3agg",
+        "gtk4": "gtk4agg",
+        "headless": "agg",
+        "macosx": "macosx",
+        "qt": "qtagg",
+        "qt5": "qt5agg",
+        "qt6": "qtagg",
+        "tk": "tkagg",
+        "wx": "wxagg",
+    }
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        # Only load entry points when first needed.
+        self._loaded_entry_points = False
+
+        # Mapping of non-built-in backend to GUI framework, added dynamically from
+        # entry points and from matplotlib.use("module://some.backend") format.
+        # New entries have an "unknown" GUI framework that is determined when first
+        # needed by calling _get_gui_framework_by_loading.
+        self._backend_to_gui_framework = {}
+
+        # Mapping of backend name to module name, where different from
+        # f"matplotlib.backends.backend_{backend_name.lower()}". These are either
+        # hardcoded for backward compatibility, or loaded from entry points or
+        # "module://some.backend" syntax.
+        self._name_to_module = {
+            "notebook": "nbagg",
+        }
+
+    def _backend_module_name(self, backend):
+        if backend.startswith("module://"):
+            return backend[9:]
+
+        # Return name of module containing the specified backend.
+        # Does not check if the backend is valid, use is_valid_backend for that.
+        backend = backend.lower()
+
+        # Check if have specific name to module mapping.
+        backend = self._name_to_module.get(backend, backend)
+
+        return (backend[9:] if backend.startswith("module://")
+                else f"matplotlib.backends.backend_{backend}")
+
+    def _clear(self):
+        # Clear all dynamically-added data, used for testing only.
+        self.__init__()
+
+    def _ensure_entry_points_loaded(self):
+        # Load entry points, if they have not already been loaded.
+        if not self._loaded_entry_points:
+            entries = self._read_entry_points()
+            self._validate_and_store_entry_points(entries)
+            self._loaded_entry_points = True
+
+    def _get_gui_framework_by_loading(self, backend):
+        # Determine GUI framework for a backend by loading its module and reading the
+        # FigureCanvas.required_interactive_framework attribute.
+        # Returns "headless" if there is no GUI framework.
+        module = self.load_backend_module(backend)
+        canvas_class = module.FigureCanvas
+        return canvas_class.required_interactive_framework or "headless"
+
+    def _read_entry_points(self):
+        # Read entry points of modules that self-advertise as Matplotlib backends.
+        # Expects entry points like this one from matplotlib-inline (in pyproject.toml
+        # format):
+        #   [project.entry-points."matplotlib.backend"]
+        #   inline = "matplotlib_inline.backend_inline"
+        import importlib.metadata as im
+
+        entry_points = im.entry_points(group="matplotlib.backend")
+        entries = [(entry.name, entry.value) for entry in entry_points]
+
+        # For backward compatibility, if matplotlib-inline and/or ipympl are installed
+        # but too old to include entry points, create them. Do not import ipympl
+        # directly as this calls matplotlib.use() whilst in this function.
+        def backward_compatible_entry_points(
+                entries, module_name, threshold_version, names, target):
+            from matplotlib import _parse_to_version_info
+            try:
+                module_version = im.version(module_name)
+                if _parse_to_version_info(module_version) < threshold_version:
+                    for name in names:
+                        entries.append((name, target))
+            except im.PackageNotFoundError:
+                pass
+
+        names = [entry[0] for entry in entries]
+        if "inline" not in names:
+            backward_compatible_entry_points(
+                entries, "matplotlib_inline", (0, 1, 7), ["inline"],
+                "matplotlib_inline.backend_inline")
+        if "ipympl" not in names:
+            backward_compatible_entry_points(
+                entries, "ipympl", (0, 9, 4), ["ipympl", "widget"],
+                "ipympl.backend_nbagg")
+
+        return entries
+
+    def _validate_and_store_entry_points(self, entries):
+        # Validate and store entry points so that they can be used via matplotlib.use()
+        # in the normal manner. Entry point names cannot be of module:// format, cannot
+        # shadow a built-in backend name, and there cannot be multiple entry points
+        # with the same name but different modules. Multiple entry points with the same
+        # name and value are permitted (it can sometimes happen outside of our control,
+        # see https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib/issues/28367).
+        for name, module in set(entries):
+            name = name.lower()
+            if name.startswith("module://"):
+                raise RuntimeError(
+                    f"Entry point name '{name}' cannot start with 'module://'")
+            if name in self._BUILTIN_BACKEND_TO_GUI_FRAMEWORK:
+                raise RuntimeError(f"Entry point name '{name}' is a built-in backend")
+            if name in self._backend_to_gui_framework:
+                raise RuntimeError(f"Entry point name '{name}' duplicated")
+
+            self._name_to_module[name] = "module://" + module
+            # Do not yet know backend GUI framework, determine it only when necessary.
+            self._backend_to_gui_framework[name] = "unknown"
+
+    def backend_for_gui_framework(self, framework):
+        """
+        Return the name of the backend corresponding to the specified GUI framework.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        framework : str
+            GUI framework such as "qt".
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        str or None
+            Backend name or None if GUI framework not recognised.
+        """
+        return self._GUI_FRAMEWORK_TO_BACKEND.get(framework.lower())
+
+    def is_valid_backend(self, backend):
+        """
+        Return True if the backend name is valid, False otherwise.
+
+        A backend name is valid if it is one of the built-in backends or has been
+        dynamically added via an entry point. Those beginning with ``module://`` are
+        always considered valid and are added to the current list of all backends
+        within this function.
+
+        Even if a name is valid, it may not be importable or usable. This can only be
+        determined by loading and using the backend module.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        backend : str
+            Name of backend.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        bool
+            True if backend is valid, False otherwise.
+        """
+        if not backend.startswith("module://"):
+            backend = backend.lower()
+
+        # For backward compatibility, convert ipympl and matplotlib-inline long
+        # module:// names to their shortened forms.
+        backwards_compat = {
+            "module://ipympl.backend_nbagg": "widget",
+            "module://matplotlib_inline.backend_inline": "inline",
+        }
+        backend = backwards_compat.get(backend, backend)
+
+        if (backend in self._BUILTIN_BACKEND_TO_GUI_FRAMEWORK or
+                backend in self._backend_to_gui_framework):
+            return True
+
+        if backend.startswith("module://"):
+            self._backend_to_gui_framework[backend] = "unknown"
+            return True
+
+        # Only load entry points if really need to and not already done so.
+        self._ensure_entry_points_loaded()
+        if backend in self._backend_to_gui_framework:
+            return True
+
+        return False
+
+    def list_all(self):
+        """
+        Return list of all known backends.
+
+        These include built-in backends and those obtained at runtime either from entry
+        points or explicit ``module://some.backend`` syntax.
+
+        Entry points will be loaded if they haven't been already.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        list of str
+            Backend names.
+        """
+        self._ensure_entry_points_loaded()
+        return [*self.list_builtin(), *self._backend_to_gui_framework]
+
+    def list_builtin(self, filter_=None):
+        """
+        Return list of backends that are built into Matplotlib.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        filter_ : `~.BackendFilter`, optional
+            Filter to apply to returned backends. For example, to return only
+            non-interactive backends use `.BackendFilter.NON_INTERACTIVE`.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        list of str
+            Backend names.
+        """
+        if filter_ == BackendFilter.INTERACTIVE:
+            return [k for k, v in self._BUILTIN_BACKEND_TO_GUI_FRAMEWORK.items()
+                    if v != "headless"]
+        elif filter_ == BackendFilter.NON_INTERACTIVE:
+            return [k for k, v in self._BUILTIN_BACKEND_TO_GUI_FRAMEWORK.items()
+                    if v == "headless"]
+
+        return [*self._BUILTIN_BACKEND_TO_GUI_FRAMEWORK]
+
+    def list_gui_frameworks(self):
+        """
+        Return list of GUI frameworks used by Matplotlib backends.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        list of str
+            GUI framework names.
+        """
+        return [k for k in self._GUI_FRAMEWORK_TO_BACKEND if k != "headless"]
+
+    def load_backend_module(self, backend):
+        """
+        Load and return the module containing the specified backend.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        backend : str
+            Name of backend to load.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        Module
+            Module containing backend.
+        """
+        module_name = self._backend_module_name(backend)
+        return importlib.import_module(module_name)
+
+    def resolve_backend(self, backend):
+        """
+        Return the backend and GUI framework for the specified backend name.
+
+        If the GUI framework is not yet known then it will be determined by loading the
+        backend module and checking the ``FigureCanvas.required_interactive_framework``
+        attribute.
+
+        This function only loads entry points if they have not already been loaded and
+        the backend is not built-in and not of ``module://some.backend`` format.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        backend : str or None
+            Name of backend, or None to use the default backend.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        backend : str
+            The backend name.
+        framework : str or None
+            The GUI framework, which will be None for a backend that is non-interactive.
+        """
+        if isinstance(backend, str):
+            if not backend.startswith("module://"):
+                backend = backend.lower()
+        else:  # Might be _auto_backend_sentinel or None
+            # Use whatever is already running...
+            from matplotlib import get_backend
+            backend = get_backend()
+
+        # Is backend already known (built-in or dynamically loaded)?
+        gui = (self._BUILTIN_BACKEND_TO_GUI_FRAMEWORK.get(backend) or
+               self._backend_to_gui_framework.get(backend))
+
+        # Is backend "module://something"?
+        if gui is None and isinstance(backend, str) and backend.startswith("module://"):
+            gui = "unknown"
+
+        # Is backend a possible entry point?
+        if gui is None and not self._loaded_entry_points:
+            self._ensure_entry_points_loaded()
+            gui = self._backend_to_gui_framework.get(backend)
+
+        # Backend known but not its gui framework.
+        if gui == "unknown":
+            gui = self._get_gui_framework_by_loading(backend)
+            self._backend_to_gui_framework[backend] = gui
+
+        if gui is None:
+            raise RuntimeError(f"'{backend}' is not a recognised backend name")
+
+        return backend, gui if gui != "headless" else None
+
+    def resolve_gui_or_backend(self, gui_or_backend):
+        """
+        Return the backend and GUI framework for the specified string that may be
+        either a GUI framework or a backend name, tested in that order.
+
+        This is for use with the IPython %matplotlib magic command which may be a GUI
+        framework such as ``%matplotlib qt`` or a backend name such as
+        ``%matplotlib qtagg``.
+
+        This function only loads entry points if they have not already been loaded and
+        the backend is not built-in and not of ``module://some.backend`` format.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        gui_or_backend : str or None
+            Name of GUI framework or backend, or None to use the default backend.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        backend : str
+            The backend name.
+        framework : str or None
+            The GUI framework, which will be None for a backend that is non-interactive.
+        """
+        if not gui_or_backend.startswith("module://"):
+            gui_or_backend = gui_or_backend.lower()
+
+        # First check if it is a gui loop name.
+        backend = self.backend_for_gui_framework(gui_or_backend)
+        if backend is not None:
+            return backend, gui_or_backend if gui_or_backend != "headless" else None
+
+        # Then check if it is a backend name.
+        try:
+            return self.resolve_backend(gui_or_backend)
+        except Exception:  # KeyError ?
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                f"'{gui_or_backend}' is not a recognised GUI loop or backend name")
+
+
+# Singleton
+backend_registry = BackendRegistry()

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/web_backend/all_figures.html

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+  <head>
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ prefix }}/_static/css/page.css" type="text/css">
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ prefix }}/_static/css/boilerplate.css" type="text/css">
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ prefix }}/_static/css/fbm.css" type="text/css">
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ prefix }}/_static/css/mpl.css" type="text/css">
+    <script src="{{ prefix }}/_static/js/mpl_tornado.js"></script>
+    <script src="{{ prefix }}/js/mpl.js"></script>
+
+    <script>
+      function ready(fn) {
+        if (document.readyState != "loading") {
+          fn();
+        } else {
+          document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", fn);
+        }
+      }
+
+      function figure_ready(fig_id) {
+        return function () {
+          var main_div = document.querySelector("div#figures");
+          var figure_div = document.createElement("div");
+          figure_div.id = "figure-div";
+          main_div.appendChild(figure_div);
+          var websocket_type = mpl.get_websocket_type();
+          var uri = "{{ ws_uri }}" + fig_id + "/ws";
+          if (window.location.protocol === "https:") uri = uri.replace('ws:', 'wss:')
+          var websocket = new websocket_type(uri);
+          var fig = new mpl.figure(fig_id, websocket, mpl_ondownload, figure_div);
+
+          fig.focus_on_mouseover = true;
+
+          fig.canvas.setAttribute("tabindex", fig_id);
+        }
+      };
+
+      {% for (fig_id, fig_manager) in figures %}
+        ready(figure_ready({{ str(fig_id) }}));
+      {% end %}
+    </script>
+
+  <title>MPL | WebAgg current figures</title>
+
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <div id="mpl-warnings" class="mpl-warnings"></div>
+
+    <div id="figures" style="margin: 10px 10px;"></div>
+
+  </body>
+</html>

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/web_backend/css/boilerplate.css

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/**
+ * HTML5 ✰ Boilerplate
+ *
+ * style.css contains a reset, font normalization and some base styles.
+ *
+ * Credit is left where credit is due.
+ * Much inspiration was taken from these projects:
+ * - yui.yahooapis.com/2.8.1/build/base/base.css
+ * - camendesign.com/design/
+ * - praegnanz.de/weblog/htmlcssjs-kickstart
+ */
+
+
+/**
+ * html5doctor.com Reset Stylesheet (Eric Meyer's Reset Reloaded + HTML5 baseline)
+ * v1.6.1 2010-09-17 | Authors: Eric Meyer & Richard Clark
+ * html5doctor.com/html-5-reset-stylesheet/
+ */
+
+html, body, div, span, object, iframe,
+h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, blockquote, pre,
+abbr, address, cite, code, del, dfn, em, img, ins, kbd, q, samp,
+small, strong, sub, sup, var, b, i, dl, dt, dd, ol, ul, li,
+fieldset, form, label, legend,
+table, caption, tbody, tfoot, thead, tr, th, td,
+article, aside, canvas, details, figcaption, figure,
+footer, header, hgroup, menu, nav, section, summary,
+time, mark, audio, video {
+  margin: 0;
+  padding: 0;
+  border: 0;
+  font-size: 100%;
+  font: inherit;
+  vertical-align: baseline;
+}
+
+sup { vertical-align: super; }
+sub { vertical-align: sub; }
+
+article, aside, details, figcaption, figure,
+footer, header, hgroup, menu, nav, section {
+  display: block;
+}
+
+blockquote, q { quotes: none; }
+
+blockquote:before, blockquote:after,
+q:before, q:after { content: ""; content: none; }
+
+ins { background-color: #ff9; color: #000; text-decoration: none; }
+
+mark { background-color: #ff9; color: #000; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; }
+
+del { text-decoration: line-through; }
+
+abbr[title], dfn[title] { border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help; }
+
+table { border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0; }
+
+hr { display: block; height: 1px; border: 0; border-top: 1px solid #ccc; margin: 1em 0; padding: 0; }
+
+input, select { vertical-align: middle; }
+
+
+/**
+ * Font normalization inspired by YUI Library's fonts.css: developer.yahoo.com/yui/
+ */
+
+body { font:13px/1.231 sans-serif; *font-size:small; } /* Hack retained to preserve specificity */
+select, input, textarea, button { font:99% sans-serif; }
+
+/* Normalize monospace sizing:
+   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MediaWiki_talk:Common.css/Archive_11#Teletype_style_fix_for_Chrome */
+pre, code, kbd, samp { font-family: monospace, sans-serif; }
+
+em,i { font-style: italic; }
+b,strong { font-weight: bold; }

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/web_backend/css/fbm.css

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+
+/* Flexible box model classes */
+/* Taken from Alex Russell https://infrequently.org/2009/08/css-3-progress/ */
+
+.hbox {
+	display: -webkit-box;
+	-webkit-box-orient: horizontal;
+	-webkit-box-align: stretch;
+
+	display: -moz-box;
+	-moz-box-orient: horizontal;
+	-moz-box-align: stretch;
+
+	display: box;
+	box-orient: horizontal;
+	box-align: stretch;
+}
+
+.hbox > * {
+	-webkit-box-flex: 0;
+	-moz-box-flex: 0;
+	box-flex: 0;
+}
+
+.vbox {
+	display: -webkit-box;
+	-webkit-box-orient: vertical;
+	-webkit-box-align: stretch;
+
+	display: -moz-box;
+	-moz-box-orient: vertical;
+	-moz-box-align: stretch;
+
+	display: box;
+	box-orient: vertical;
+	box-align: stretch;
+}
+
+.vbox > * {
+	-webkit-box-flex: 0;
+	-moz-box-flex: 0;
+	box-flex: 0;
+}
+
+.reverse {
+	-webkit-box-direction: reverse;
+	-moz-box-direction: reverse;
+	box-direction: reverse;
+}
+
+.box-flex0 {
+	-webkit-box-flex: 0;
+	-moz-box-flex: 0;
+	box-flex: 0;
+}
+
+.box-flex1, .box-flex {
+	-webkit-box-flex: 1;
+	-moz-box-flex: 1;
+	box-flex: 1;
+}
+
+.box-flex2 {
+	-webkit-box-flex: 2;
+	-moz-box-flex: 2;
+	box-flex: 2;
+}
+
+.box-group1 {
+	-webkit-box-flex-group: 1;
+	-moz-box-flex-group: 1;
+	box-flex-group: 1;
+}
+
+.box-group2 {
+	-webkit-box-flex-group: 2;
+	-moz-box-flex-group: 2;
+	box-flex-group: 2;
+}
+
+.start {
+	-webkit-box-pack: start;
+	-moz-box-pack: start;
+	box-pack: start;
+}
+
+.end {
+	-webkit-box-pack: end;
+	-moz-box-pack: end;
+	box-pack: end;
+}
+
+.center {
+	-webkit-box-pack: center;
+	-moz-box-pack: center;
+	box-pack: center;
+}

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/web_backend/css/mpl.css

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/* General styling */
+.ui-helper-clearfix:before,
+.ui-helper-clearfix:after {
+  content: "";
+  display: table;
+  border-collapse: collapse;
+}
+.ui-helper-clearfix:after {
+  clear: both;
+}
+
+/* Header */
+.ui-widget-header {
+  border: 1px solid #dddddd;
+  border-top-left-radius: 6px;
+  border-top-right-radius: 6px;
+  background: #e9e9e9;
+  color: #333333;
+  font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+/* Toolbar and items */
+.mpl-toolbar {
+  width: 100%;
+}
+
+.mpl-toolbar div.mpl-button-group {
+  display: inline-block;
+}
+
+.mpl-button-group + .mpl-button-group {
+  margin-left: 0.5em;
+}
+
+.mpl-widget {
+  background-color: #fff;
+  border: 1px solid #ccc;
+  display: inline-block;
+  cursor: pointer;
+  color: #333;
+  padding: 6px;
+  vertical-align: middle;
+}
+
+.mpl-widget:disabled,
+.mpl-widget[disabled] {
+  background-color: #ddd;
+  border-color: #ddd !important;
+  cursor: not-allowed;
+}
+
+.mpl-widget:disabled img,
+.mpl-widget[disabled] img {
+  /* Convert black to grey */
+  filter: contrast(0%);
+}
+
+.mpl-widget.active img {
+  /* Convert black to tab:blue, approximately */
+  filter: invert(34%) sepia(97%) saturate(468%) hue-rotate(162deg) brightness(96%) contrast(91%);
+}
+
+button.mpl-widget:focus,
+button.mpl-widget:hover {
+  background-color: #ddd;
+  border-color: #aaa;
+}
+
+.mpl-button-group button.mpl-widget {
+  margin-left: -1px;
+}
+.mpl-button-group button.mpl-widget:first-child {
+  border-top-left-radius: 6px;
+  border-bottom-left-radius: 6px;
+  margin-left: 0px;
+}
+.mpl-button-group button.mpl-widget:last-child {
+  border-top-right-radius: 6px;
+  border-bottom-right-radius: 6px;
+}
+
+select.mpl-widget {
+  cursor: default;
+}

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/web_backend/css/page.css

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/**
+ * Primary styles
+ *
+ * Author: IPython Development Team
+ */
+
+
+body {
+    background-color: white;
+    /* This makes sure that the body covers the entire window and needs to
+       be in a different element than the display: box in wrapper below */
+    position: absolute;
+    left: 0px;
+    right: 0px;
+    top: 0px;
+    bottom: 0px;
+    overflow: visible;
+}
+
+
+div#header {
+    /* Initially hidden to prevent FLOUC */
+    display: none;
+    position: relative;
+    height: 40px;
+    padding: 5px;
+    margin: 0px;
+    width: 100%;
+}
+
+span#ipython_notebook {
+    position: absolute;
+    padding: 2px 2px 2px 5px;
+}
+
+span#ipython_notebook img {
+    font-family: Verdana, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, Geneva, sans-serif;
+    height: 24px;
+    text-decoration:none;
+    display: inline;
+    color: black;
+}
+
+#site {
+    width: 100%;
+    display: none;
+}
+
+/* We set the fonts by hand here to override the values in the theme */
+.ui-widget {
+    font-family: "Lucinda Grande", "Lucinda Sans Unicode", Helvetica, Arial, Verdana, sans-serif;
+}
+
+.ui-widget input, .ui-widget select, .ui-widget textarea, .ui-widget button {
+    font-family: "Lucinda Grande", "Lucinda Sans Unicode", Helvetica, Arial, Verdana, sans-serif;
+}
+
+/* Smaller buttons */
+.ui-button .ui-button-text {
+    padding: 0.2em 0.8em;
+    font-size: 77%;
+}
+
+input.ui-button {
+    padding: 0.3em 0.9em;
+}
+
+span#login_widget {
+    float: right;
+}
+
+.border-box-sizing {
+    box-sizing: border-box;
+    -moz-box-sizing: border-box;
+    -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
+}
+
+#figure-div {
+    display: inline-block;
+    margin: 10px;
+    vertical-align: top;
+}

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/web_backend/ipython_inline_figure.html

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+<!-- Within the kernel, we don't know the address of the matplotlib
+     websocket server, so we have to get in client-side and fetch our
+     resources that way. -->
+<script>
+  // We can't proceed until these JavaScript files are fetched, so
+  // we fetch them synchronously
+  $.ajaxSetup({async: false});
+  $.getScript("http://" + window.location.hostname + ":{{ port }}{{prefix}}/_static/js/mpl_tornado.js");
+  $.getScript("http://" + window.location.hostname + ":{{ port }}{{prefix}}/js/mpl.js");
+  $.ajaxSetup({async: true});
+
+  function init_figure{{ fig_id }}(e) {
+    $('div.output').off('resize');
+
+    var output_div = e.target.querySelector('div.output_subarea');
+    var websocket_type = mpl.get_websocket_type();
+    var websocket = new websocket_type(
+        "ws://" + window.location.hostname + ":{{ port }}{{ prefix}}/" +
+        {{ repr(str(fig_id)) }} + "/ws");
+
+    var fig = new mpl.figure(
+        {{repr(str(fig_id))}}, websocket, mpl_ondownload, output_div);
+
+    // Fetch the first image
+    fig.context.drawImage(fig.imageObj, 0, 0);
+
+    fig.focus_on_mouseover = true;
+  }
+
+  // We can't initialize the figure contents until our content
+  // has been added to the DOM.  This is a bit of hack to get an
+  // event for that.
+  $('div.output').resize(init_figure{{ fig_id }});
+</script>

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/web_backend/js/mpl.js

@@ -0,0 +1,707 @@
+/* Put everything inside the global mpl namespace */
+/* global mpl */
+window.mpl = {};
+
+mpl.get_websocket_type = function () {
+    if (typeof WebSocket !== 'undefined') {
+        return WebSocket;
+    } else if (typeof MozWebSocket !== 'undefined') {
+        return MozWebSocket;
+    } else {
+        alert(
+            'Your browser does not have WebSocket support. ' +
+                'Please try Chrome, Safari or Firefox ≥ 6. ' +
+                'Firefox 4 and 5 are also supported but you ' +
+                'have to enable WebSockets in about:config.'
+        );
+    }
+};
+
+mpl.figure = function (figure_id, websocket, ondownload, parent_element) {
+    this.id = figure_id;
+
+    this.ws = websocket;
+
+    this.supports_binary = this.ws.binaryType !== undefined;
+
+    if (!this.supports_binary) {
+        var warnings = document.getElementById('mpl-warnings');
+        if (warnings) {
+            warnings.style.display = 'block';
+            warnings.textContent =
+                'This browser does not support binary websocket messages. ' +
+                'Performance may be slow.';
+        }
+    }
+
+    this.imageObj = new Image();
+
+    this.context = undefined;
+    this.message = undefined;
+    this.canvas = undefined;
+    this.rubberband_canvas = undefined;
+    this.rubberband_context = undefined;
+    this.format_dropdown = undefined;
+
+    this.image_mode = 'full';
+
+    this.root = document.createElement('div');
+    this.root.setAttribute('style', 'display: inline-block');
+    this._root_extra_style(this.root);
+
+    parent_element.appendChild(this.root);
+
+    this._init_header(this);
+    this._init_canvas(this);
+    this._init_toolbar(this);
+
+    var fig = this;
+
+    this.waiting = false;
+
+    this.ws.onopen = function () {
+        fig.send_message('supports_binary', { value: fig.supports_binary });
+        fig.send_message('send_image_mode', {});
+        if (fig.ratio !== 1) {
+            fig.send_message('set_device_pixel_ratio', {
+                device_pixel_ratio: fig.ratio,
+            });
+        }
+        fig.send_message('refresh', {});
+    };
+
+    this.imageObj.onload = function () {
+        if (fig.image_mode === 'full') {
+            // Full images could contain transparency (where diff images
+            // almost always do), so we need to clear the canvas so that
+            // there is no ghosting.
+            fig.context.clearRect(0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);
+        }
+        fig.context.drawImage(fig.imageObj, 0, 0);
+    };
+
+    this.imageObj.onunload = function () {
+        fig.ws.close();
+    };
+
+    this.ws.onmessage = this._make_on_message_function(this);
+
+    this.ondownload = ondownload;
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype._init_header = function () {
+    var titlebar = document.createElement('div');
+    titlebar.classList =
+        'ui-dialog-titlebar ui-widget-header ui-corner-all ui-helper-clearfix';
+    var titletext = document.createElement('div');
+    titletext.classList = 'ui-dialog-title';
+    titletext.setAttribute(
+        'style',
+        'width: 100%; text-align: center; padding: 3px;'
+    );
+    titlebar.appendChild(titletext);
+    this.root.appendChild(titlebar);
+    this.header = titletext;
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function (_canvas_div) {};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function (_canvas_div) {};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype._init_canvas = function () {
+    var fig = this;
+
+    var canvas_div = (this.canvas_div = document.createElement('div'));
+    canvas_div.setAttribute('tabindex', '0');
+    canvas_div.setAttribute(
+        'style',
+        'border: 1px solid #ddd;' +
+            'box-sizing: content-box;' +
+            'clear: both;' +
+            'min-height: 1px;' +
+            'min-width: 1px;' +
+            'outline: 0;' +
+            'overflow: hidden;' +
+            'position: relative;' +
+            'resize: both;' +
+            'z-index: 2;'
+    );
+
+    function on_keyboard_event_closure(name) {
+        return function (event) {
+            return fig.key_event(event, name);
+        };
+    }
+
+    canvas_div.addEventListener(
+        'keydown',
+        on_keyboard_event_closure('key_press')
+    );
+    canvas_div.addEventListener(
+        'keyup',
+        on_keyboard_event_closure('key_release')
+    );
+
+    this._canvas_extra_style(canvas_div);
+    this.root.appendChild(canvas_div);
+
+    var canvas = (this.canvas = document.createElement('canvas'));
+    canvas.classList.add('mpl-canvas');
+    canvas.setAttribute(
+        'style',
+        'box-sizing: content-box;' +
+            'pointer-events: none;' +
+            'position: relative;' +
+            'z-index: 0;'
+    );
+
+    this.context = canvas.getContext('2d');
+
+    var backingStore =
+        this.context.backingStorePixelRatio ||
+        this.context.webkitBackingStorePixelRatio ||
+        this.context.mozBackingStorePixelRatio ||
+        this.context.msBackingStorePixelRatio ||
+        this.context.oBackingStorePixelRatio ||
+        this.context.backingStorePixelRatio ||
+        1;
+
+    this.ratio = (window.devicePixelRatio || 1) / backingStore;
+
+    var rubberband_canvas = (this.rubberband_canvas = document.createElement(
+        'canvas'
+    ));
+    rubberband_canvas.setAttribute(
+        'style',
+        'box-sizing: content-box;' +
+            'left: 0;' +
+            'pointer-events: none;' +
+            'position: absolute;' +
+            'top: 0;' +
+            'z-index: 1;'
+    );
+
+    // Apply a ponyfill if ResizeObserver is not implemented by browser.
+    if (this.ResizeObserver === undefined) {
+        if (window.ResizeObserver !== undefined) {
+            this.ResizeObserver = window.ResizeObserver;
+        } else {
+            var obs = _JSXTOOLS_RESIZE_OBSERVER({});
+            this.ResizeObserver = obs.ResizeObserver;
+        }
+    }
+
+    this.resizeObserverInstance = new this.ResizeObserver(function (entries) {
+        // There's no need to resize if the WebSocket is not connected:
+        // - If it is still connecting, then we will get an initial resize from
+        //   Python once it connects.
+        // - If it has disconnected, then resizing will clear the canvas and
+        //   never get anything back to refill it, so better to not resize and
+        //   keep something visible.
+        if (fig.ws.readyState != 1) {
+            return;
+        }
+        var nentries = entries.length;
+        for (var i = 0; i < nentries; i++) {
+            var entry = entries[i];
+            var width, height;
+            if (entry.contentBoxSize) {
+                if (entry.contentBoxSize instanceof Array) {
+                    // Chrome 84 implements new version of spec.
+                    width = entry.contentBoxSize[0].inlineSize;
+                    height = entry.contentBoxSize[0].blockSize;
+                } else {
+                    // Firefox implements old version of spec.
+                    width = entry.contentBoxSize.inlineSize;
+                    height = entry.contentBoxSize.blockSize;
+                }
+            } else {
+                // Chrome <84 implements even older version of spec.
+                width = entry.contentRect.width;
+                height = entry.contentRect.height;
+            }
+
+            // Keep the size of the canvas and rubber band canvas in sync with
+            // the canvas container.
+            if (entry.devicePixelContentBoxSize) {
+                // Chrome 84 implements new version of spec.
+                canvas.setAttribute(
+                    'width',
+                    entry.devicePixelContentBoxSize[0].inlineSize
+                );
+                canvas.setAttribute(
+                    'height',
+                    entry.devicePixelContentBoxSize[0].blockSize
+                );
+            } else {
+                canvas.setAttribute('width', width * fig.ratio);
+                canvas.setAttribute('height', height * fig.ratio);
+            }
+            /* This rescales the canvas back to display pixels, so that it
+             * appears correct on HiDPI screens. */
+            canvas.style.width = width + 'px';
+            canvas.style.height = height + 'px';
+
+            rubberband_canvas.setAttribute('width', width);
+            rubberband_canvas.setAttribute('height', height);
+
+            // And update the size in Python. We ignore the initial 0/0 size
+            // that occurs as the element is placed into the DOM, which should
+            // otherwise not happen due to the minimum size styling.
+            if (width != 0 && height != 0) {
+                fig.request_resize(width, height);
+            }
+        }
+    });
+    this.resizeObserverInstance.observe(canvas_div);
+
+    function on_mouse_event_closure(name) {
+        /* User Agent sniffing is bad, but WebKit is busted:
+         * https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=144526
+         * https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=181818
+         * The worst that happens here is that they get an extra browser
+         * selection when dragging, if this check fails to catch them.
+         */
+        var UA = navigator.userAgent;
+        var isWebKit = /AppleWebKit/.test(UA) && !/Chrome/.test(UA);
+        if(isWebKit) {
+            return function (event) {
+                /* This prevents the web browser from automatically changing to
+                 * the text insertion cursor when the button is pressed. We
+                 * want to control all of the cursor setting manually through
+                 * the 'cursor' event from matplotlib */
+                event.preventDefault()
+                return fig.mouse_event(event, name);
+            };
+        } else {
+            return function (event) {
+                return fig.mouse_event(event, name);
+            };
+        }
+    }
+
+    canvas_div.addEventListener(
+        'mousedown',
+        on_mouse_event_closure('button_press')
+    );
+    canvas_div.addEventListener(
+        'mouseup',
+        on_mouse_event_closure('button_release')
+    );
+    canvas_div.addEventListener(
+        'dblclick',
+        on_mouse_event_closure('dblclick')
+    );
+    // Throttle sequential mouse events to 1 every 20ms.
+    canvas_div.addEventListener(
+        'mousemove',
+        on_mouse_event_closure('motion_notify')
+    );
+
+    canvas_div.addEventListener(
+        'mouseenter',
+        on_mouse_event_closure('figure_enter')
+    );
+    canvas_div.addEventListener(
+        'mouseleave',
+        on_mouse_event_closure('figure_leave')
+    );
+
+    canvas_div.addEventListener('wheel', function (event) {
+        if (event.deltaY < 0) {
+            event.step = 1;
+        } else {
+            event.step = -1;
+        }
+        on_mouse_event_closure('scroll')(event);
+    });
+
+    canvas_div.appendChild(canvas);
+    canvas_div.appendChild(rubberband_canvas);
+
+    this.rubberband_context = rubberband_canvas.getContext('2d');
+    this.rubberband_context.strokeStyle = '#000000';
+
+    this._resize_canvas = function (width, height, forward) {
+        if (forward) {
+            canvas_div.style.width = width + 'px';
+            canvas_div.style.height = height + 'px';
+        }
+    };
+
+    // Disable right mouse context menu.
+    canvas_div.addEventListener('contextmenu', function (_e) {
+        event.preventDefault();
+        return false;
+    });
+
+    function set_focus() {
+        canvas.focus();
+        canvas_div.focus();
+    }
+
+    window.setTimeout(set_focus, 100);
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function () {
+    var fig = this;
+
+    var toolbar = document.createElement('div');
+    toolbar.classList = 'mpl-toolbar';
+    this.root.appendChild(toolbar);
+
+    function on_click_closure(name) {
+        return function (_event) {
+            return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(name);
+        };
+    }
+
+    function on_mouseover_closure(tooltip) {
+        return function (event) {
+            if (!event.currentTarget.disabled) {
+                return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(tooltip);
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    fig.buttons = {};
+    var buttonGroup = document.createElement('div');
+    buttonGroup.classList = 'mpl-button-group';
+    for (var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items) {
+        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];
+        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];
+        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];
+        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];
+
+        if (!name) {
+            /* Instead of a spacer, we start a new button group. */
+            if (buttonGroup.hasChildNodes()) {
+                toolbar.appendChild(buttonGroup);
+            }
+            buttonGroup = document.createElement('div');
+            buttonGroup.classList = 'mpl-button-group';
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        var button = (fig.buttons[name] = document.createElement('button'));
+        button.classList = 'mpl-widget';
+        button.setAttribute('role', 'button');
+        button.setAttribute('aria-disabled', 'false');
+        button.addEventListener('click', on_click_closure(method_name));
+        button.addEventListener('mouseover', on_mouseover_closure(tooltip));
+
+        var icon_img = document.createElement('img');
+        icon_img.src = '_images/' + image + '.png';
+        icon_img.srcset = '_images/' + image + '_large.png 2x';
+        icon_img.alt = tooltip;
+        button.appendChild(icon_img);
+
+        buttonGroup.appendChild(button);
+    }
+
+    if (buttonGroup.hasChildNodes()) {
+        toolbar.appendChild(buttonGroup);
+    }
+
+    var fmt_picker = document.createElement('select');
+    fmt_picker.classList = 'mpl-widget';
+    toolbar.appendChild(fmt_picker);
+    this.format_dropdown = fmt_picker;
+
+    for (var ind in mpl.extensions) {
+        var fmt = mpl.extensions[ind];
+        var option = document.createElement('option');
+        option.selected = fmt === mpl.default_extension;
+        option.innerHTML = fmt;
+        fmt_picker.appendChild(option);
+    }
+
+    var status_bar = document.createElement('span');
+    status_bar.classList = 'mpl-message';
+    toolbar.appendChild(status_bar);
+    this.message = status_bar;
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype.request_resize = function (x_pixels, y_pixels) {
+    // Request matplotlib to resize the figure. Matplotlib will then trigger a resize in the client,
+    // which will in turn request a refresh of the image.
+    this.send_message('resize', { width: x_pixels, height: y_pixels });
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype.send_message = function (type, properties) {
+    properties['type'] = type;
+    properties['figure_id'] = this.id;
+    this.ws.send(JSON.stringify(properties));
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype.send_draw_message = function () {
+    if (!this.waiting) {
+        this.waiting = true;
+        this.ws.send(JSON.stringify({ type: 'draw', figure_id: this.id }));
+    }
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function (fig, _msg) {
+    var format_dropdown = fig.format_dropdown;
+    var format = format_dropdown.options[format_dropdown.selectedIndex].value;
+    fig.ondownload(fig, format);
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype.handle_resize = function (fig, msg) {
+    var size = msg['size'];
+    if (size[0] !== fig.canvas.width || size[1] !== fig.canvas.height) {
+        fig._resize_canvas(size[0], size[1], msg['forward']);
+        fig.send_message('refresh', {});
+    }
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype.handle_rubberband = function (fig, msg) {
+    var x0 = msg['x0'] / fig.ratio;
+    var y0 = (fig.canvas.height - msg['y0']) / fig.ratio;
+    var x1 = msg['x1'] / fig.ratio;
+    var y1 = (fig.canvas.height - msg['y1']) / fig.ratio;
+    x0 = Math.floor(x0) + 0.5;
+    y0 = Math.floor(y0) + 0.5;
+    x1 = Math.floor(x1) + 0.5;
+    y1 = Math.floor(y1) + 0.5;
+    var min_x = Math.min(x0, x1);
+    var min_y = Math.min(y0, y1);
+    var width = Math.abs(x1 - x0);
+    var height = Math.abs(y1 - y0);
+
+    fig.rubberband_context.clearRect(
+        0,
+        0,
+        fig.canvas.width / fig.ratio,
+        fig.canvas.height / fig.ratio
+    );
+
+    fig.rubberband_context.strokeRect(min_x, min_y, width, height);
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype.handle_figure_label = function (fig, msg) {
+    // Updates the figure title.
+    fig.header.textContent = msg['label'];
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype.handle_cursor = function (fig, msg) {
+    fig.canvas_div.style.cursor = msg['cursor'];
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype.handle_message = function (fig, msg) {
+    fig.message.textContent = msg['message'];
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype.handle_draw = function (fig, _msg) {
+    // Request the server to send over a new figure.
+    fig.send_draw_message();
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype.handle_image_mode = function (fig, msg) {
+    fig.image_mode = msg['mode'];
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype.handle_history_buttons = function (fig, msg) {
+    for (var key in msg) {
+        if (!(key in fig.buttons)) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        fig.buttons[key].disabled = !msg[key];
+        fig.buttons[key].setAttribute('aria-disabled', !msg[key]);
+    }
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype.handle_navigate_mode = function (fig, msg) {
+    if (msg['mode'] === 'PAN') {
+        fig.buttons['Pan'].classList.add('active');
+        fig.buttons['Zoom'].classList.remove('active');
+    } else if (msg['mode'] === 'ZOOM') {
+        fig.buttons['Pan'].classList.remove('active');
+        fig.buttons['Zoom'].classList.add('active');
+    } else {
+        fig.buttons['Pan'].classList.remove('active');
+        fig.buttons['Zoom'].classList.remove('active');
+    }
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function () {
+    // Called whenever the canvas gets updated.
+    this.send_message('ack', {});
+};
+
+// A function to construct a web socket function for onmessage handling.
+// Called in the figure constructor.
+mpl.figure.prototype._make_on_message_function = function (fig) {
+    return function socket_on_message(evt) {
+        if (evt.data instanceof Blob) {
+            var img = evt.data;
+            if (img.type !== 'image/png') {
+                /* FIXME: We get "Resource interpreted as Image but
+                 * transferred with MIME type text/plain:" errors on
+                 * Chrome.  But how to set the MIME type?  It doesn't seem
+                 * to be part of the websocket stream */
+                img.type = 'image/png';
+            }
+
+            /* Free the memory for the previous frames */
+            if (fig.imageObj.src) {
+                (window.URL || window.webkitURL).revokeObjectURL(
+                    fig.imageObj.src
+                );
+            }
+
+            fig.imageObj.src = (window.URL || window.webkitURL).createObjectURL(
+                img
+            );
+            fig.updated_canvas_event();
+            fig.waiting = false;
+            return;
+        } else if (
+            typeof evt.data === 'string' &&
+            evt.data.slice(0, 21) === 'data:image/png;base64'
+        ) {
+            fig.imageObj.src = evt.data;
+            fig.updated_canvas_event();
+            fig.waiting = false;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        var msg = JSON.parse(evt.data);
+        var msg_type = msg['type'];
+
+        // Call the  "handle_{type}" callback, which takes
+        // the figure and JSON message as its only arguments.
+        try {
+            var callback = fig['handle_' + msg_type];
+        } catch (e) {
+            console.log(
+                "No handler for the '%s' message type: ",
+                msg_type,
+                msg
+            );
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (callback) {
+            try {
+                // console.log("Handling '%s' message: ", msg_type, msg);
+                callback(fig, msg);
+            } catch (e) {
+                console.log(
+                    "Exception inside the 'handler_%s' callback:",
+                    msg_type,
+                    e,
+                    e.stack,
+                    msg
+                );
+            }
+        }
+    };
+};
+
+function getModifiers(event) {
+    var mods = [];
+    if (event.ctrlKey) {
+        mods.push('ctrl');
+    }
+    if (event.altKey) {
+        mods.push('alt');
+    }
+    if (event.shiftKey) {
+        mods.push('shift');
+    }
+    if (event.metaKey) {
+        mods.push('meta');
+    }
+    return mods;
+}
+
+/*
+ * return a copy of an object with only non-object keys
+ * we need this to avoid circular references
+ * https://stackoverflow.com/a/24161582/3208463
+ */
+function simpleKeys(original) {
+    return Object.keys(original).reduce(function (obj, key) {
+        if (typeof original[key] !== 'object') {
+            obj[key] = original[key];
+        }
+        return obj;
+    }, {});
+}
+
+mpl.figure.prototype.mouse_event = function (event, name) {
+    if (name === 'button_press') {
+        this.canvas.focus();
+        this.canvas_div.focus();
+    }
+
+    // from https://stackoverflow.com/q/1114465
+    var boundingRect = this.canvas.getBoundingClientRect();
+    var x = (event.clientX - boundingRect.left) * this.ratio;
+    var y = (event.clientY - boundingRect.top) * this.ratio;
+
+    this.send_message(name, {
+        x: x,
+        y: y,
+        button: event.button,
+        step: event.step,
+        buttons: event.buttons,
+        modifiers: getModifiers(event),
+        guiEvent: simpleKeys(event),
+    });
+
+    return false;
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function (_event, _name) {
+    // Handle any extra behaviour associated with a key event
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype.key_event = function (event, name) {
+    // Prevent repeat events
+    if (name === 'key_press') {
+        if (event.key === this._key) {
+            return;
+        } else {
+            this._key = event.key;
+        }
+    }
+    if (name === 'key_release') {
+        this._key = null;
+    }
+
+    var value = '';
+    if (event.ctrlKey && event.key !== 'Control') {
+        value += 'ctrl+';
+    }
+    else if (event.altKey && event.key !== 'Alt') {
+        value += 'alt+';
+    }
+    else if (event.shiftKey && event.key !== 'Shift') {
+        value += 'shift+';
+    }
+
+    value += 'k' + event.key;
+
+    this._key_event_extra(event, name);
+
+    this.send_message(name, { key: value, guiEvent: simpleKeys(event) });
+    return false;
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onclick = function (name) {
+    if (name === 'download') {
+        this.handle_save(this, null);
+    } else {
+        this.send_message('toolbar_button', { name: name });
+    }
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onmouseover = function (tooltip) {
+    this.message.textContent = tooltip;
+};
+
+///////////////// REMAINING CONTENT GENERATED BY embed_js.py /////////////////
+// prettier-ignore
+var _JSXTOOLS_RESIZE_OBSERVER=function(A){var t,i=new WeakMap,n=new WeakMap,a=new WeakMap,r=new WeakMap,o=new Set;function s(e){if(!(this instanceof s))throw new TypeError("Constructor requires 'new' operator");i.set(this,e)}function h(){throw new TypeError("Function is not a constructor")}function c(e,t,i,n){e=0 in arguments?Number(arguments[0]):0,t=1 in arguments?Number(arguments[1]):0,i=2 in arguments?Number(arguments[2]):0,n=3 in arguments?Number(arguments[3]):0,this.right=(this.x=this.left=e)+(this.width=i),this.bottom=(this.y=this.top=t)+(this.height=n),Object.freeze(this)}function d(){t=requestAnimationFrame(d);var s=new WeakMap,p=new Set;o.forEach((function(t){r.get(t).forEach((function(i){var r=t instanceof window.SVGElement,o=a.get(t),d=r?0:parseFloat(o.paddingTop),f=r?0:parseFloat(o.paddingRight),l=r?0:parseFloat(o.paddingBottom),u=r?0:parseFloat(o.paddingLeft),g=r?0:parseFloat(o.borderTopWidth),m=r?0:parseFloat(o.borderRightWidth),w=r?0:parseFloat(o.borderBottomWidth),b=u+f,F=d+l,v=(r?0:parseFloat(o.borderLeftWidth))+m,W=g+w,y=r?0:t.offsetHeight-W-t.clientHeight,E=r?0:t.offsetWidth-v-t.clientWidth,R=b+v,z=F+W,M=r?t.width:parseFloat(o.width)-R-E,O=r?t.height:parseFloat(o.height)-z-y;if(n.has(t)){var k=n.get(t);if(k[0]===M&&k[1]===O)return}n.set(t,[M,O]);var S=Object.create(h.prototype);S.target=t,S.contentRect=new c(u,d,M,O),s.has(i)||(s.set(i,[]),p.add(i)),s.get(i).push(S)}))})),p.forEach((function(e){i.get(e).call(e,s.get(e),e)}))}return s.prototype.observe=function(i){if(i instanceof window.Element){r.has(i)||(r.set(i,new Set),o.add(i),a.set(i,window.getComputedStyle(i)));var n=r.get(i);n.has(this)||n.add(this),cancelAnimationFrame(t),t=requestAnimationFrame(d)}},s.prototype.unobserve=function(i){if(i instanceof window.Element&&r.has(i)){var n=r.get(i);n.has(this)&&(n.delete(this),n.size||(r.delete(i),o.delete(i))),n.size||r.delete(i),o.size||cancelAnimationFrame(t)}},A.DOMRectReadOnly=c,A.ResizeObserver=s,A.ResizeObserverEntry=h,A}; // eslint-disable-line

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/web_backend/js/mpl_tornado.js

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+/* This .js file contains functions for matplotlib's built-in
+   tornado-based server, that are not relevant when embedding WebAgg
+   in another web application. */
+
+/* exported mpl_ondownload */
+function mpl_ondownload(figure, format) {
+    window.open(figure.id + '/download.' + format, '_blank');
+}

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/web_backend/js/nbagg_mpl.js

@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+/* global mpl */
+
+var comm_websocket_adapter = function (comm) {
+    // Create a "websocket"-like object which calls the given IPython comm
+    // object with the appropriate methods. Currently this is a non binary
+    // socket, so there is still some room for performance tuning.
+    var ws = {};
+
+    ws.binaryType = comm.kernel.ws.binaryType;
+    ws.readyState = comm.kernel.ws.readyState;
+    function updateReadyState(_event) {
+        if (comm.kernel.ws) {
+            ws.readyState = comm.kernel.ws.readyState;
+        } else {
+            ws.readyState = 3; // Closed state.
+        }
+    }
+    comm.kernel.ws.addEventListener('open', updateReadyState);
+    comm.kernel.ws.addEventListener('close', updateReadyState);
+    comm.kernel.ws.addEventListener('error', updateReadyState);
+
+    ws.close = function () {
+        comm.close();
+    };
+    ws.send = function (m) {
+        //console.log('sending', m);
+        comm.send(m);
+    };
+    // Register the callback with on_msg.
+    comm.on_msg(function (msg) {
+        //console.log('receiving', msg['content']['data'], msg);
+        var data = msg['content']['data'];
+        if (data['blob'] !== undefined) {
+            data = {
+                data: new Blob(msg['buffers'], { type: data['blob'] }),
+            };
+        }
+        // Pass the mpl event to the overridden (by mpl) onmessage function.
+        ws.onmessage(data);
+    });
+    return ws;
+};
+
+mpl.mpl_figure_comm = function (comm, msg) {
+    // This is the function which gets called when the mpl process
+    // starts-up an IPython Comm through the "matplotlib" channel.
+
+    var id = msg.content.data.id;
+    // Get hold of the div created by the display call when the Comm
+    // socket was opened in Python.
+    var element = document.getElementById(id);
+    var ws_proxy = comm_websocket_adapter(comm);
+
+    function ondownload(figure, _format) {
+        window.open(figure.canvas.toDataURL());
+    }
+
+    var fig = new mpl.figure(id, ws_proxy, ondownload, element);
+
+    // Call onopen now - mpl needs it, as it is assuming we've passed it a real
+    // web socket which is closed, not our websocket->open comm proxy.
+    ws_proxy.onopen();
+
+    fig.parent_element = element;
+    fig.cell_info = mpl.find_output_cell("<div id='" + id + "'></div>");
+    if (!fig.cell_info) {
+        console.error('Failed to find cell for figure', id, fig);
+        return;
+    }
+    fig.cell_info[0].output_area.element.on(
+        'cleared',
+        { fig: fig },
+        fig._remove_fig_handler
+    );
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype.handle_close = function (fig, msg) {
+    var width = fig.canvas.width / fig.ratio;
+    fig.cell_info[0].output_area.element.off(
+        'cleared',
+        fig._remove_fig_handler
+    );
+    fig.resizeObserverInstance.unobserve(fig.canvas_div);
+
+    // Update the output cell to use the data from the current canvas.
+    fig.push_to_output();
+    var dataURL = fig.canvas.toDataURL();
+    // Re-enable the keyboard manager in IPython - without this line, in FF,
+    // the notebook keyboard shortcuts fail.
+    IPython.keyboard_manager.enable();
+    fig.parent_element.innerHTML =
+        '<img src="' + dataURL + '" width="' + width + '">';
+    fig.close_ws(fig, msg);
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype.close_ws = function (fig, msg) {
+    fig.send_message('closing', msg);
+    // fig.ws.close()
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype.push_to_output = function (_remove_interactive) {
+    // Turn the data on the canvas into data in the output cell.
+    var width = this.canvas.width / this.ratio;
+    var dataURL = this.canvas.toDataURL();
+    this.cell_info[1]['text/html'] =
+        '<img src="' + dataURL + '" width="' + width + '">';
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function () {
+    // Tell IPython that the notebook contents must change.
+    IPython.notebook.set_dirty(true);
+    this.send_message('ack', {});
+    var fig = this;
+    // Wait a second, then push the new image to the DOM so
+    // that it is saved nicely (might be nice to debounce this).
+    setTimeout(function () {
+        fig.push_to_output();
+    }, 1000);
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function () {
+    var fig = this;
+
+    var toolbar = document.createElement('div');
+    toolbar.classList = 'btn-toolbar';
+    this.root.appendChild(toolbar);
+
+    function on_click_closure(name) {
+        return function (_event) {
+            return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(name);
+        };
+    }
+
+    function on_mouseover_closure(tooltip) {
+        return function (event) {
+            if (!event.currentTarget.disabled) {
+                return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(tooltip);
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    fig.buttons = {};
+    var buttonGroup = document.createElement('div');
+    buttonGroup.classList = 'btn-group';
+    var button;
+    for (var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items) {
+        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];
+        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];
+        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];
+        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];
+
+        if (!name) {
+            /* Instead of a spacer, we start a new button group. */
+            if (buttonGroup.hasChildNodes()) {
+                toolbar.appendChild(buttonGroup);
+            }
+            buttonGroup = document.createElement('div');
+            buttonGroup.classList = 'btn-group';
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        button = fig.buttons[name] = document.createElement('button');
+        button.classList = 'btn btn-default';
+        button.href = '#';
+        button.title = name;
+        button.innerHTML = '<i class="fa ' + image + ' fa-lg"></i>';
+        button.addEventListener('click', on_click_closure(method_name));
+        button.addEventListener('mouseover', on_mouseover_closure(tooltip));
+        buttonGroup.appendChild(button);
+    }
+
+    if (buttonGroup.hasChildNodes()) {
+        toolbar.appendChild(buttonGroup);
+    }
+
+    // Add the status bar.
+    var status_bar = document.createElement('span');
+    status_bar.classList = 'mpl-message pull-right';
+    toolbar.appendChild(status_bar);
+    this.message = status_bar;
+
+    // Add the close button to the window.
+    var buttongrp = document.createElement('div');
+    buttongrp.classList = 'btn-group inline pull-right';
+    button = document.createElement('button');
+    button.classList = 'btn btn-mini btn-primary';
+    button.href = '#';
+    button.title = 'Stop Interaction';
+    button.innerHTML = '<i class="fa fa-power-off icon-remove icon-large"></i>';
+    button.addEventListener('click', function (_evt) {
+        fig.handle_close(fig, {});
+    });
+    button.addEventListener(
+        'mouseover',
+        on_mouseover_closure('Stop Interaction')
+    );
+    buttongrp.appendChild(button);
+    var titlebar = this.root.querySelector('.ui-dialog-titlebar');
+    titlebar.insertBefore(buttongrp, titlebar.firstChild);
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype._remove_fig_handler = function (event) {
+    var fig = event.data.fig;
+    if (event.target !== this) {
+        // Ignore bubbled events from children.
+        return;
+    }
+    fig.close_ws(fig, {});
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function (el) {
+    el.style.boxSizing = 'content-box'; // override notebook setting of border-box.
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function (el) {
+    // this is important to make the div 'focusable
+    el.setAttribute('tabindex', 0);
+    // reach out to IPython and tell the keyboard manager to turn it's self
+    // off when our div gets focus
+
+    // location in version 3
+    if (IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager) {
+        IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);
+    } else {
+        // location in version 2
+        IPython.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);
+    }
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function (event, _name) {
+    // Check for shift+enter
+    if (event.shiftKey && event.which === 13) {
+        this.canvas_div.blur();
+        // select the cell after this one
+        var index = IPython.notebook.find_cell_index(this.cell_info[0]);
+        IPython.notebook.select(index + 1);
+    }
+};
+
+mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function (fig, _msg) {
+    fig.ondownload(fig, null);
+};
+
+mpl.find_output_cell = function (html_output) {
+    // Return the cell and output element which can be found *uniquely* in the notebook.
+    // Note - this is a bit hacky, but it is done because the "notebook_saving.Notebook"
+    // IPython event is triggered only after the cells have been serialised, which for
+    // our purposes (turning an active figure into a static one), is too late.
+    var cells = IPython.notebook.get_cells();
+    var ncells = cells.length;
+    for (var i = 0; i < ncells; i++) {
+        var cell = cells[i];
+        if (cell.cell_type === 'code') {
+            for (var j = 0; j < cell.output_area.outputs.length; j++) {
+                var data = cell.output_area.outputs[j];
+                if (data.data) {
+                    // IPython >= 3 moved mimebundle to data attribute of output
+                    data = data.data;
+                }
+                if (data['text/html'] === html_output) {
+                    return [cell, data, j];
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+// Register the function which deals with the matplotlib target/channel.
+// The kernel may be null if the page has been refreshed.
+if (IPython.notebook.kernel !== null) {
+    IPython.notebook.kernel.comm_manager.register_target(
+        'matplotlib',
+        mpl.mpl_figure_comm
+    );
+}

venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/web_backend/single_figure.html

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+  <head>
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ prefix }}/_static/css/page.css" type="text/css">
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ prefix }}/_static/css/boilerplate.css" type="text/css">
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ prefix }}/_static/css/fbm.css" type="text/css">
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ prefix }}/_static/css/mpl.css" type="text/css">
+    <script src="{{ prefix }}/_static/js/mpl_tornado.js"></script>
+    <script src="{{ prefix }}/js/mpl.js"></script>
+    <script>
+      function ready(fn) {
+        if (document.readyState != "loading") {
+          fn();
+        } else {
+          document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", fn);
+        }
+      }
+
+      ready(
+        function () {
+          var websocket_type = mpl.get_websocket_type();
+          var uri = "{{ ws_uri }}" + {{ str(fig_id) }} + "/ws";
+          if (window.location.protocol === 'https:') uri = uri.replace('ws:', 'wss:')
+          var websocket = new websocket_type(uri);
+          var fig = new mpl.figure(
+              {{ str(fig_id) }}, websocket, mpl_ondownload,
+              document.getElementById("figure"));
+        }
+      );
+    </script>
+
+    <title>matplotlib</title>
+  </head>
+
+  <body>
+    <div id="mpl-warnings" class="mpl-warnings"></div>
+    <div id="figure" style="margin: 10px 10px;"></div>
+  </body>
+</html>