453 lines
No EOL
39 KiB
HTML
453 lines
No EOL
39 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||
<html class="client-nojs" lang="en" dir="ltr">
|
||
<head>
|
||
<meta charset="UTF-8">
|
||
<title>Anatomie des étiquettes osm - OpenStreetMap Wiki</title>
|
||
<script>(function(){var className="client-js";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )wikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"25a2c9c357f0da0ad5d27ea2","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Anatomie_des_étiquettes_osm","wgTitle":"Anatomie des étiquettes osm","wgCurRevisionId":2863975,"wgRevisionId":2863975,"wgArticleId":259859,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["FR:Éléments cartographiques proposés","FR:Attributs","FR:Sémantique"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Anatomie_des_étiquettes_osm","wgRelevantArticleId":259859,"wgIsProbablyEditable":false,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":false,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":false,"watchlist":false,"tagline":false},"wgULSAcceptLanguageList":[],"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["architecture","bitness","brands","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"wgULSPosition":"personal","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":true,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":false,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":false};
|
||
RLSTATE={"site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.pygments":"ready","skins.vector.styles.legacy":"ready","ext.OsmWikibase-all":"ready","codex-search-styles":"ready","ext.uls.pt":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.pygments.view","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.legacy.js","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.gadget.taginfo","ext.gadget.dataitemlinks","ext.gadget.maps","ext.uls.compactlinks","ext.uls.interface","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader"];</script>
|
||
<script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"});
|
||
}];});});</script>
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=codex-search-styles%7Cext.OsmWikibase-all%2Cpygments%7Cext.uls.pt%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cskins.vector.styles.legacy%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector">
|
||
<script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector"></script>
|
||
<meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content="">
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector">
|
||
<noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=noscript&only=styles&skin=vector"></noscript>
|
||
<meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.43.3">
|
||
<meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard">
|
||
<meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no">
|
||
<meta name="viewport" content="width=1120">
|
||
<link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="OpenStreetMap Wiki (en)">
|
||
<link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//wiki.openstreetmap.org/w/api.php?action=rsd">
|
||
<link rel="license" href="/wiki/Wiki_content_license">
|
||
<link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="OpenStreetMap Wiki Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom">
|
||
</head>
|
||
<body class="skin-vector-legacy mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Anatomie_des_étiquettes_osm rootpage-Anatomie_des_étiquettes_osm skin-vector action-view"><div id="mw-page-base" class="noprint"></div>
|
||
<div id="mw-head-base" class="noprint"></div>
|
||
<div id="content" class="mw-body" role="main">
|
||
<a id="top"></a>
|
||
<div id="siteNotice"></div>
|
||
<div class="mw-indicators">
|
||
</div>
|
||
<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Anatomie des étiquettes osm</span></h1>
|
||
<div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body">
|
||
<div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From OpenStreetMap Wiki</div>
|
||
<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div>
|
||
<div id="contentSub2"></div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="jump-to-nav"></div>
|
||
<a class="mw-jump-link" href="#mw-head">Jump to navigation</a>
|
||
<a class="mw-jump-link" href="#searchInput">Jump to search</a>
|
||
<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p>Cette page a pour but de formaliser la structure des <a href="/wiki/FR:Attributs" title="FR:Attributs">tags</a> et de leurs valeurs existantes de façon générale afin de faciliter la création de nouvelles versions de façon cohérente. Elle ne détaille pas <a href="/wiki/FR:Processus_de_proposition" title="FR:Processus de proposition">le processus de proposition de nouveaux tags</a> ou de <a href="/wiki/Map_Icons/Proposed_Icons" class="mw-redirect" title="Map Icons/Proposed Icons">proposition d'icones</a>.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Principe_de_base"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Principe de base</span></a>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Sous_types_de_clé_et_de_valeur"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Sous types de clé et de valeur</span></a></li>
|
||
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Variations_dans_le_temps"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Variations dans le temps</span></a></li>
|
||
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Mises_en_garde_diverses"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Mises en garde diverses</span></a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Sous_ensemble_linguistique"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Sous ensemble linguistique</span></a>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Exemples_de_particularités_régionales"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Exemples de particularités régionales</span></a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Sémantique"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Sémantique</span></a>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Comment_structurer_des_tags_qui_vont_ensemble"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Comment structurer des tags qui vont ensemble</span></a></li>
|
||
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#Propositions_pour_relier_la_sémantique"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Propositions pour relier la sémantique</span></a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#évolution_des_tags"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">évolution des tags</span></a>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Problèmes_concernant_l'évolution_des_tags"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Problèmes concernant l'évolution des tags</span></a></li>
|
||
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#Détermination_de_rendu_visuel_d'un_Tag"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Détermination de rendu visuel d'un Tag</span></a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#éléments_non_tranchés_dans_la_communauté"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">éléments non tranchés dans la communauté</span></a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Principe_de_base">Principe de base</span></h2>
|
||
<p>Les <i>tags</i> dans OpenStreetMap suivent <b>un principe de clé/valeur</b> avec des nuances particulières.
|
||
</p><p>
|
||
La signature d'un tag est documentée ainsi:</p><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-html mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span>clé[:sous-clé[:sous-sous-clé]]=valeur[;autre_valeur[;autre_encore_etc]]
|
||
</pre></div><p>Les parties entre crochet sont optionnelles pour qu'un tag soit valide.Nous partons du principe que ce que l'on marque dans OSM doit correspondre à une réalité physique sur le terrain actuellement, et non dans le futur ou dans le passé.
|
||
Une <b>clé</b> vaut une <b>valeur</b>, ce qui est symbolisé par deux termes avec un symbole égale entre deux. Par abus de langage on parle de <i>taguer</i> (mettre un <i>tag</i>, une étiquette), pour désigner l'action de qualifier des objets dans OSM.</p><blockquote><p>Exemple:
|
||
</p><p><a href="/wiki/FR:Tag:amenity%3Dbicycle_repair_station" title="FR:Tag:amenity=bicycle repair station">amenity=bicycle_repair_station</a>
|
||
</p><p><a href="/wiki/FR:Tag:shop%3Dbakery" title="FR:Tag:shop=bakery">shop=bakery</a>
|
||
</p><p>
|
||
La clé amenity indique ici une station de réparation de vélo, tous les termes sont désignés en anglais par défaut.</p></blockquote>
|
||
<h3><span id="Sous_types_de_cl.C3.A9_et_de_valeur"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Sous_types_de_clé_et_de_valeur">Sous types de clé et de valeur</span></h3>
|
||
<p>Il est possible de spécifier des sous-types en détaillant une clé avec des symboles "deux points"
|
||
</p><p><a href="/wiki/Key:building:fireproof" title="Key:building:fireproof">Key:building:fireproof</a>
|
||
</p><p>Information sur la résistance au feu d'un bâtiment.
|
||
</p><p><br />
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Variations_dans_le_temps">Variations dans le temps</span></h3>
|
||
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Key:disused:" class="mw-redirect" title="Key:disused:">disused</a> objets inutilisés tel que des cabines téléphoniques</li>
|
||
<li><a href="/wiki/Tag:demolished%3Dyes" title="Tag:demolished=yes">demolished</a> objets démolis, par exemple suite à une catastrophe ou un chantier. ne convient pas aux ruines</li>
|
||
<li>closed</li></ul>
|
||
<p>Les projets de construction peuvent être marqués par zone, mais il est incorrect de créer à l'avance des bâtiments dans OSM si ceux ci n'ont pas encore commencé à être construits.
|
||
</p><p><br />
|
||
Il est possible de spécifier des <a href="/wiki/FR:Restrictions_conditionnelles" title="FR:Restrictions conditionnelles">attributs conditionnels</a>
|
||
</p><p><br />Exemple:
|
||
</p>
|
||
<pre><b>maxspeed:conditional=100 @ (20:00-06:00)</b>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
<p>Les restrictions liés aux modes de transports font généralement abstraction de <b>access:</b> :
|
||
</p>
|
||
<pre><transportation mode>[<b>:</b><direction>]<b>:conditional</b>
|
||
<b>=</b> <restriction-value> <b>@</b> <condition>[<b>;</b><restriction-value> <b>@</b> <condition>]
|
||
</pre>
|
||
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Mises_en_garde_diverses">Mises en garde diverses</span></h3>
|
||
<p><a href="/wiki/FR:Taguer_pour_le_rendu" title="FR:Taguer pour le rendu">On ne tague pas pour le rendu</a>, bien qu'il soit satisfaisant de voir le résultat de sa contribution dans le rendu.
|
||
</p><p>
|
||
Chaque clé désignant toujours un type d'objet, il vaut mieux éviter de rajouter partout le mot "type" qui est redondant et n'apporterait donc que du "bruit" dans l'information.</p><blockquote><p>Ces tags (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&search=%3Atype&go=Lire">trouvés via une recherche</a> dans le wiki) pourraient donc relever de mauvaise pratique, une discussion interne à la communauté mériterait d'être menée.
|
||
</p><p><a href="/wiki/Key:recycling_type" title="Key:recycling type">Key:recycling_type</a>
|
||
</p><p><a href="/wiki/Key:leaf_type" title="Key:leaf type">Key:leaf type</a>
|
||
</p><p><a href="/wiki/Key:artwork_type" title="Key:artwork type">Key:artwork type</a>
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p><a href="/wiki/Key:site_type" title="Key:site type">Key:site_type</a><br /></p></blockquote>
|
||
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Sous_ensemble_linguistique">Sous ensemble linguistique</span></h2>
|
||
<p>Dans ce wiki, on peut voir une version traduite en ajoutant le préfixe FR: devant une page, par exemple la page de la clé "shop" se trouve à l'addresse
|
||
</p><p><a href="/wiki/FR:Key:shop" title="FR:Key:shop">FR:Key:shop</a>
|
||
</p><p>Pour les tags dans OSM, certaines choses sont spécifiques à une langue ou à un pays, c'est le cas du répertoire SIRENE ou des codes NAF. On peut donc indiquer la référence SIRET d'une entreprise dans un point d'intérêt avec ce tag:
|
||
</p><p><a href="/wiki/FR:Key:ref:FR:SIRET" title="FR:Key:ref:FR:SIRET">ref:FR:SIRET</a>
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h5><span id="Exemples_de_particularit.C3.A9s_r.C3.A9gionales"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Exemples_de_particularités_régionales">Exemples de particularités régionales</span></h5>
|
||
<p>La classification des écoles en France est différente du reste du monde, et détaillée avec une sous clé<span> </span>:FR
|
||
</p><p><code><bdi>kindergarten:FR</bdi>=<bdi>crèche_parentale</bdi></code>
|
||
</p><p><a href="/wiki/FR:Key:kindergarten:FR" title="FR:Key:kindergarten:FR">FR:Key:kindergarten:FR</a>
|
||
</p><p>à noter que le terme kinder désigne un enfant en Allemand, en Anglais le terme désigne aussi bien une crèche, qu'une école, qu'un jardin d'enfants. Référez vous toujours au wiki de temps à autre pour être certain de bien marquer les éléments. En cas de doute vous pouvez discuter avec d'autres contributrices et contributeurs via les divers canaux de communication existants, ou en créer d'autres.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h2><span id="S.C3.A9mantique"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Sémantique">Sémantique</span></h2>
|
||
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Comment_structurer_des_tags_qui_vont_ensemble">Comment structurer des tags qui vont ensemble</span></h3>
|
||
<p>Les origines et la langue maternelle des personnes proposant des tags a une influence certaine sur leur vision de la façon dont ceux ci devraient être ordonnés. Aussi, une langue agglutinante comme l'Allemand ne verra aucun problème à coller des tas de mots ensemble, quand cela semblera curieux et illisible pour un Francophone.
|
||
</p><p>Aussi pour enrichir la grammaire des tags et permettre la réutilisation d'un tag dans divers contextes, il est préférable de détailler sur plusieurs tags des qualifications que l'on mettrait instinctivement sur un seul terme. Ce qui nécessite une bonne connaissance des tags existants et l'assistance de puissants outils de vérification automatiques tels qu'<a href="/wiki/Osmose" title="Osmose">Osmose</a>.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h3><span id="Propositions_pour_relier_la_s.C3.A9mantique"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Propositions_pour_relier_la_sémantique">Propositions pour relier la sémantique</span></h3>
|
||
<p>Beaucoup de problèmes de sémantique sont résolus avec l'utilisation <a href="/wiki/FR:Data_items" title="FR:Data items">des data items</a>
|
||
</p><p>Unifier les <i>presets</i> entre les éditeurs de carte résoudrait des inconsistances (ID, josm, etc...)
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h2><span id=".C3.A9volution_des_tags"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="évolution_des_tags">évolution des tags</span></h2>
|
||
<h4><span id="Probl.C3.A8mes_concernant_l.27.C3.A9volution_des_tags"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Problèmes_concernant_l'évolution_des_tags">Problèmes concernant l'évolution des tags</span></h4>
|
||
<p>De nombreux outils utilisent les tags actuellement en base avec leur nom historique, les faire changer serait un risque de rupture de compatibilité avec ces outils. Ce qui freine la standardisation et l'évolution des tags. Il convient de prévenir des mois ou des années à l'avance les éditeurs de logiciels utilisant des tags amenés à évoluer, via les actualités OSM et les listes de diffusion.
|
||
</p><p>Toute la difficulté étant dans le choix de ce qu'il convient de changer, et de mesurer la balance bénéfice - risque pour la communauté.
|
||
<br />voir: <a href="/wiki/FR:Processus_de_proposition" title="FR:Processus de proposition">le processus de proposition de nouveaux tags</a>
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h3><span id="D.C3.A9termination_de_rendu_visuel_d.27un_Tag"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Détermination_de_rendu_visuel_d'un_Tag">Détermination de rendu visuel d'un Tag</span></h3>
|
||
<p>comment proposer un pictogramme pour un tag via la <a href="/wiki/Map_Icons/Proposed_Icons" class="mw-redirect" title="Map Icons/Proposed Icons">proposition d'icones</a>.<br />
|
||
</p>
|
||
<h2><span id=".C3.A9l.C3.A9ments_non_tranch.C3.A9s_dans_la_communaut.C3.A9"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="éléments_non_tranchés_dans_la_communauté">éléments non tranchés dans la communauté</span></h2>
|
||
<p>- une clé doit elle se rapporter à un usage d'un objet ?
|
||
</p><p>-
|
||
cette page est à compléter.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2852613">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output th.navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox th,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccccff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output th.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddddff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox{background:#333}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background:#333}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-group{background:#111}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .grouptitle{background:#111}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output th.navbox-group{background:#222}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-list{background:#111}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output a.navbox{background:#111;color:#98b3f8}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output a.navbox-group{background:#111;color:#98b3f8}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output a.navbox-list{background:#111;color:#98b3f8}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output a.navbox:visited{background:#111;color:#b7a9dd}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output a.navbox-group:visited{background:#111;color:#b7a9dd}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output a.navbox-list:visited{background:#111;color:#b7a9dd}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox{background:#333}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background:#333}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-group{background:#111}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .grouptitle{background:#111}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output th.navbox-group{background:#222}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-list{background:#111}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output a.navbox{background:#111;color:#98b3f8}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output a.navbox-group{background:#111;color:#98b3f8}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output a.navbox-list{background:#111;color:#98b3f8}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output a.navbox:visited{background:#111;color:#b7a9dd}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output a.navbox-group:visited{background:#111;color:#b7a9dd}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output a.navbox-list:visited{background:#111;color:#b7a9dd}}</style><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" class="navbox" style="margin:2px 0;line-height:1.6;;"><tbody><tr><td><table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="navbox-title" style=";"><div style="float:left;width:7em;text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks navbar" style="font-size:xx-small;background:none;padding:0;font-weight:normal;;;;border:none"><a href="/wiki/Template:Elements" title="Template:Elements"><bdi title="View this template." style=";;border:none"><abbr>v</abbr></bdi></a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Elements" title="Template talk:Elements"><bdi title="Discuss this template." style=";;border:none"><abbr>d</abbr></bdi></a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//wiki.openstreetmap.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Elements&action=edit"><bdi title="Edit this template." style=";;border:none"><abbr>e</abbr></bdi></a></div></div><span class="" style="font-size:110%">OpenStreetMap data model</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="padding:1px"></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;;"><span class="grouptitle"><a href="/wiki/Elements" title="Elements">Elements</a></span></td><td style="border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;text-align:left;width:100%;padding:0;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0 .25em;"><div class="hlist">
|
||
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Node" title="Node">Node</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="/wiki/Way" title="Way">Way</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="/wiki/Relation" title="Relation">Relation</a></li>
|
||
<li>(<i>former</i>: <a href="/wiki/Segment" title="Segment">Segment</a>)</li></ul>
|
||
</div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="padding:1px"></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;;"><span class="grouptitle"><a href="/wiki/Tags" title="Tags">Tags</a></span></td><td style="border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;text-align:left;width:100%;padding:0;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0 .25em;"><div class="hlist">
|
||
<ul><li>Key</li>
|
||
<li>Value</li></ul>
|
||
</div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="padding:1px"></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;;"><span class="grouptitle"><a href="/wiki/Semantic_elements" title="Semantic elements">Semantic elements</a></span></td><td style="border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;text-align:left;width:100%;padding:0;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0 .25em;"><div class="hlist">
|
||
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Node" title="Node">Point</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="/wiki/Way" title="Way">Linear features</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="/wiki/Area" title="Area">Area</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="/wiki/Relation" title="Relation">Relational</a></li></ul>
|
||
</div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="padding:1px"></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;;"><span class="grouptitle">Related concepts</span></td><td style="border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;text-align:left;width:100%;padding:0;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0 .25em;"><div class="hlist">
|
||
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Changeset" title="Changeset">Changeset</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="/wiki/Preset" title="Preset">Presets</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="/wiki/Role" class="mw-redirect" title="Role">Role</a></li></ul>
|
||
</div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>
|
||
<!--
|
||
NewPP limit report
|
||
Cached time: 20250903100408
|
||
Cache expiry: 86400
|
||
Reduced expiry: false
|
||
Complications: [show‐toc]
|
||
CPU time usage: 0.288 seconds
|
||
Real time usage: 0.535 seconds
|
||
Preprocessor visited node count: 3715/1000000
|
||
Post‐expand include size: 15948/2097152 bytes
|
||
Template argument size: 3610/2097152 bytes
|
||
Highest expansion depth: 24/100
|
||
Expensive parser function count: 1/500
|
||
Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20
|
||
Unstrip post‐expand size: 4108/5000000 bytes
|
||
Lua time usage: 0.230/15 seconds
|
||
Lua virtual size: 6291456/52428800 bytes
|
||
Lua estimated memory usage: 0 bytes
|
||
Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/250
|
||
-->
|
||
<!--
|
||
Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)
|
||
100.00% 489.099 1 Template:FR:Data_types
|
||
100.00% 489.099 1 -total
|
||
98.80% 483.245 1 Template:Navbox
|
||
67.61% 330.686 33 Template:LangSwitch
|
||
45.29% 221.532 4 Template:Flatlist
|
||
34.44% 168.438 70 Template:Langcode
|
||
18.28% 89.413 7 Template:LL
|
||
15.69% 76.746 21 Template:LangPrefix
|
||
13.23% 64.705 16 Template:Dir
|
||
1.90% 9.279 1 Template:Navbar
|
||
-->
|
||
|
||
<!-- Saved in parser cache with key wiki:pcache:idhash:259859-0!canonical and timestamp 20250903100408 and revision id 2863975. Rendering was triggered because: page-view
|
||
-->
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/w/index.php?title=Anatomie_des_étiquettes_osm&oldid=2863975">https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/w/index.php?title=Anatomie_des_étiquettes_osm&oldid=2863975</a>"</div></div>
|
||
<div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:FR:%C3%89l%C3%A9ments_cartographiques_propos%C3%A9s" title="Category:FR:Éléments cartographiques proposés">FR:Éléments cartographiques proposés</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:FR:Attributs" title="Category:FR:Attributs">FR:Attributs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:FR:S%C3%A9mantique" title="Category:FR:Sémantique">FR:Sémantique</a></li></ul></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="mw-navigation">
|
||
<h2>Navigation menu</h2>
|
||
<div id="mw-head">
|
||
|
||
<nav id="p-personal" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal vector-user-menu-legacy vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-personal-label" >
|
||
<h3
|
||
id="p-personal-label"
|
||
|
||
class="vector-menu-heading "
|
||
>
|
||
<span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Personal tools</span>
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<div class="vector-menu-content">
|
||
|
||
<ul class="vector-menu-content-list">
|
||
|
||
<li id="pt-uls" class="mw-list-item active"><a class="uls-trigger" href="#"><span>English</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Anatomie+des+%C3%A9tiquettes+osm" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Anatomie+des+%C3%A9tiquettes+osm" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o"><span>Log in</span></a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
<div id="left-navigation">
|
||
|
||
<nav id="p-namespaces" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-namespaces vector-menu-tabs vector-menu-tabs-legacy vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-namespaces-label" >
|
||
<h3
|
||
id="p-namespaces-label"
|
||
|
||
class="vector-menu-heading "
|
||
>
|
||
<span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Namespaces</span>
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<div class="vector-menu-content">
|
||
|
||
<ul class="vector-menu-content-list">
|
||
|
||
<li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Anatomie_des_%C3%A9tiquettes_osm" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Page</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:Anatomie_des_%C3%A9tiquettes_osm&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussion about the content page (page does not exist) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<nav id="p-variants" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet vector-menu-dropdown vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-variants-label" >
|
||
<input type="checkbox"
|
||
id="p-variants-checkbox"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
aria-haspopup="true"
|
||
data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-variants"
|
||
class="vector-menu-checkbox"
|
||
aria-labelledby="p-variants-label"
|
||
>
|
||
<label
|
||
id="p-variants-label"
|
||
|
||
class="vector-menu-heading "
|
||
>
|
||
<span class="vector-menu-heading-label">English</span>
|
||
</label>
|
||
<div class="vector-menu-content">
|
||
|
||
<ul class="vector-menu-content-list">
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="right-navigation">
|
||
|
||
<nav id="p-views" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-views vector-menu-tabs vector-menu-tabs-legacy vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-views-label" >
|
||
<h3
|
||
id="p-views-label"
|
||
|
||
class="vector-menu-heading "
|
||
>
|
||
<span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Views</span>
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<div class="vector-menu-content">
|
||
|
||
<ul class="vector-menu-content-list">
|
||
|
||
<li id="ca-view" class="selected mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Anatomie_des_%C3%A9tiquettes_osm"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-viewsource" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatomie_des_%C3%A9tiquettes_osm&action=edit" title="This page is protected. You can view its source [e]" accesskey="e"><span>View source</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatomie_des_%C3%A9tiquettes_osm&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<nav id="p-cactions" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-menu-dropdown vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-cactions-label" title="More options" >
|
||
<input type="checkbox"
|
||
id="p-cactions-checkbox"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
aria-haspopup="true"
|
||
data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-cactions"
|
||
class="vector-menu-checkbox"
|
||
aria-labelledby="p-cactions-label"
|
||
>
|
||
<label
|
||
id="p-cactions-label"
|
||
|
||
class="vector-menu-heading "
|
||
>
|
||
<span class="vector-menu-heading-label">More</span>
|
||
</label>
|
||
<div class="vector-menu-content">
|
||
|
||
<ul class="vector-menu-content-list">
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box">
|
||
<h3 >Search</h3>
|
||
<form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="vector-search-box-form">
|
||
<div id="simpleSearch"
|
||
class="vector-search-box-inner"
|
||
data-search-loc="header-navigation">
|
||
<input class="vector-search-box-input"
|
||
type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search OpenStreetMap Wiki" aria-label="Search OpenStreetMap Wiki" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search OpenStreetMap Wiki [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput"
|
||
>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search">
|
||
<input id="mw-searchButton"
|
||
class="searchButton mw-fallbackSearchButton" type="submit" name="fulltext" title="Search the pages for this text" value="Search">
|
||
<input id="searchButton"
|
||
class="searchButton" type="submit" name="go" title="Go to a page with this exact name if it exists" value="Go">
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="mw-panel" class="vector-legacy-sidebar">
|
||
<div id="p-logo" role="banner">
|
||
<a class="mw-wiki-logo" href="/wiki/Main_Page"
|
||
title="Visit the main page"></a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<nav id="p-site" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-site vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-site-label" >
|
||
<h3
|
||
id="p-site-label"
|
||
|
||
class="vector-menu-heading "
|
||
>
|
||
<span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Site</span>
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<div class="vector-menu-content">
|
||
|
||
<ul class="vector-menu-content-list">
|
||
|
||
<li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main Page</span></a></li><li id="n-osm-homepage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/"><span>The map</span></a></li><li id="n-mapfeatures" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Map_features"><span>Map Features</span></a></li><li id="n-contributors" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Contributors"><span>Contributors</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Get_help" title="The place to find out"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-blogs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/OSM_Blogs"><span>Blogs</span></a></li><li id="n-Shop" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Merchandise"><span>Shop</span></a></li><li id="n-sitesupport" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Donations"><span>Donations</span></a></li><li id="n-talk-wiki" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Wiki"><span>Wiki discussion</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes in the wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<nav id="p-tb" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-tb-label" >
|
||
<h3
|
||
id="p-tb-label"
|
||
|
||
class="vector-menu-heading "
|
||
>
|
||
<span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Tools</span>
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<div class="vector-menu-content">
|
||
|
||
<ul class="vector-menu-content-list">
|
||
|
||
<li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Anatomie_des_%C3%A9tiquettes_osm" title="A list of all wiki pages that link here [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Anatomie_des_%C3%A9tiquettes_osm" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatomie_des_%C3%A9tiquettes_osm&oldid=2863975" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatomie_des_%C3%A9tiquettes_osm&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Anatomie_des_%C3%A9tiquettes_osm&id=2863975&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
<nav id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects emptyPortlet vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-wikibase-otherprojects-label" >
|
||
<h3
|
||
id="p-wikibase-otherprojects-label"
|
||
|
||
class="vector-menu-heading "
|
||
>
|
||
<span class="vector-menu-heading-label">In other projects</span>
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<div class="vector-menu-content">
|
||
|
||
<ul class="vector-menu-content-list">
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<nav id="p-lang" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-lang-label" >
|
||
<h3
|
||
id="p-lang-label"
|
||
|
||
class="vector-menu-heading "
|
||
>
|
||
<span class="vector-menu-heading-label">In other languages</span>
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<div class="vector-menu-content">
|
||
|
||
<ul class="vector-menu-content-list">
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-add wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Special:NewItem?site=wiki&page=Anatomie+des+%C3%A9tiquettes+osm" title="Add interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Add links</a></span></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" >
|
||
<ul id="footer-info">
|
||
<li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 8 June 2025, at 21:20.</li>
|
||
<li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a href="/wiki/Wiki_content_license" title="Wiki content license">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 license</a> unless otherwise noted.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
<ul id="footer-places">
|
||
<li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://www.osmfoundation.org/wiki/Privacy_Policy">Privacy policy</a></li>
|
||
<li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/About">About OpenStreetMap Wiki</a></li>
|
||
<li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li>
|
||
<li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//wiki.openstreetmap.org/w/index.php?title=Anatomie_des_%C3%A9tiquettes_osm&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
<ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint">
|
||
<li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/cc-wiki.png" alt="Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 license" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li>
|
||
<li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</footer>
|
||
|
||
<script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("This page is using the deprecated ResourceLoader module \"codex-search-styles\".\n[1.43] Use a CodexModule with codexComponents to set your specific components used: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Codex#Using_a_limited_subset_of_components");mw.config.set({"wgBackendResponseTime":171,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.288","walltime":"0.535","ppvisitednodes":{"value":3715,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":15948,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":3610,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":24,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":1,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":4108,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":250},"timingprofile":["100.00% 489.099 1 Template:FR:Data_types","100.00% 489.099 1 -total"," 98.80% 483.245 1 Template:Navbox"," 67.61% 330.686 33 Template:LangSwitch"," 45.29% 221.532 4 Template:Flatlist"," 34.44% 168.438 70 Template:Langcode"," 18.28% 89.413 7 Template:LL"," 15.69% 76.746 21 Template:LangPrefix"," 13.23% 64.705 16 Template:Dir"," 1.90% 9.279 1 Template:Navbar"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.230","limit":"15"},"limitreport-virtmemusage":{"value":6291456,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-estmemusage":0},"cachereport":{"timestamp":"20250903100408","ttl":86400,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html> |